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Maître Reda KOHEN, avocat au Barreau de Paris
Maître Reda KOHEN
Avocat au Barreau de Paris

What Information Must a French Employer Give a New Employee? R1221-34 Checklist for Foreign Founders

Hiring a first employee in France creates a documentary duty that is broader than signing an offer letter and sending a payroll instruction. A foreign founder must identify the actual French employer, describe the job and workplace, select and document the correct contract, state the pay and working-time rules, and provide the employee with a defined set of written information. The company must also coordinate the work-authorisation check, the DPAE (déclaration préalable à l’embauche, or pre-employment declaration), payroll, occupational health and its personnel records.

The central provision is Article R. 1221-34 of the French Labour Code. It applies whether the shareholder is based in London, New York, Dubai or Singapore and whether the French business is a SAS (société par actions simplifiée), a SARL (société à responsabilité limitée), a branch or another employer structure. The fact that the founder has a Kbis, meaning the official extract evidencing registration of a commercial company, does not replace the employment formalities. For the wider company-formation and cross-border governance context, see the firm’s French business legal guide for foreign founders.

This guide isolates the information file that a new employee should receive, explains what must be in the contract itself, and gives a practical sequence for the first hire. It also covers English-language group templates, CDI and CDD choices, trial periods, collective agreements, evidence of transmission, corrections and the consequences of a late or incomplete filing.

I. What information must a French employer give a new employee?

A. Which identity, role and contract information are required?

The starting point is the distinction between the employment contract and the statutory information document. A written contract may contain all the required information, but a foreign founder should not assume that a short offer letter or a signature page is enough. The employer may use one document, several documents, a contract plus schedules, or a contract plus a separate information statement. The result must be coherent, dated, accessible and capable of proving what was given to the employee.

Article L. 1221-5-1 of the Labour Code states: « L’employeur remet au salarié un ou plusieurs documents écrits contenant les informations principales relatives à la relation de travail. » In English, the employer must give one or more written documents containing the main information about the employment relationship. The same article allows the employee to seek the missing information after first putting the employer on formal notice. This is an information right; it does not turn every omission into an automatic nullity of the employment relationship.

Article R. 1221-34 supplies the list. Its opening sentence is: « Les documents mentionnés à l’article L. 1221-5-1 comportent au moins les informations suivantes : » The list is the minimum content. A foreign-owned company should build its first-hire template around that list instead of copying a group document designed for another jurisdiction.

The first block identifies the parties and the work:

Information to deliver What the French file should make clear
Identity of the parties The complete legal name and address of the employing company, the employee’s identity and the capacity of the signatory. A foreign parent’s brand name is not a substitute for the legal employer.
Workplace The establishment or establishments where the work is performed, including the practical rule for remote work or travel. If the employer’s address differs from the workplace, both should be identifiable.
Position and functions The job title, duties, professional category and the applicable classification. A vague label such as “international operator” creates avoidable uncertainty about status, pay and the relevant collective agreement.
Start date The date on which the employment relationship begins, which must match the DPAE, payroll opening and the first day of work.
CDD term If the contract is a CDD (contrat à durée déterminée, or fixed-term contract), the end date or planned duration must be stated.
Temporary-work identity If the employee is supplied by a temporary-work agency, the user company’s identity must be given once it is known.

Identity deserves particular care when a foreign group has several entities. The French subsidiary, not the parent company, may be the employer, issue the payslip and make the social declarations. A branch may be part of the foreign company rather than a separate legal person. A French payroll provider may process the data without becoming the employer. The contract, DPAE, bank-payment instructions, social declarations and employee information statement should all tell the same story.

The workplace description should also reflect the real operating model. If the employee works in a French office three days per week, travels to clients and occasionally works from another country, the documents should distinguish those situations. A permanent foreign remote-work arrangement can alter social-security, tax, immigration and permanent-establishment analysis; it should not be hidden inside a generic “anywhere in the world” clause. That issue is different from the ordinary first French hire, but the initial information file is where the risk first becomes visible.

The legal relationship cannot be labelled away. Article L. 1221-1 provides: « Le contrat de travail est soumis aux règles du droit commun. Il peut être établi selon les formes que les parties contractantes décident d’adopter. » The parties have flexibility over form, but the actual conditions of work remain decisive. Orders, reporting lines, control of working time and disciplinary authority may demonstrate an employment relationship even if the group initially calls the arrangement consulting, contracting or a launch assignment.

For a standard full-time CDI, the contract can be established without a special statutory form in some situations, but a foreign-owned company should still use a complete written contract. Service-Public’s CDI guidance describes the CDI (contrat à durée indéterminée, or indefinite-term contract) as the normal and general form of recruitment. A written file avoids disputes about the job, pay, location, trial period and collective agreement. It also lets the company show that the employee received the mandatory information on time.

A CDD requires more discipline. Article L. 1242-12 states: « Le contrat de travail à durée déterminée est établi par écrit et comporte la définition précise de son motif. A défaut, il est réputé conclu pour une durée indéterminée. » The CDD must therefore state the precise lawful reason for using a fixed-term contract, not merely say “temporary support” or “business needs”. The document should also identify the replaced employee where replacement is the reason, the term or minimum period, renewal rules, the position, pay, trial period and applicable collective agreement.

The timing for a CDD copy is separate from the broader R. 1221-34 information timetable. Article L. 1242-13 states: « Le contrat de travail est transmis au salarié, au plus tard, dans les deux jours ouvrables suivant l’embauche. » A foreign founder who signs a CDD through an overseas approval chain should plan the signature and transmission before the employee starts. The two-business-day rule is not a safe period for leaving the document unsigned; it is a maximum for transmission of the written CDD.

Language is another recurring failure point. Article L. 1221-3 states: « Le contrat de travail établi par écrit est rédigé en français. » If the employee is a foreign national, the employee may request a translation into their language. The French version should therefore be the authoritative starting document for an employee working in France, with a carefully checked English version supplied for understanding when useful.

The French-language rule is not limited to the first signature. Article L. 1321-6 governs documents containing obligations for the employee or information needed to perform the job. The Cour de cassation, Social Chamber, 11 October 2023, no. 22-13.770, restated the rule in these terms: « Tout document comportant des obligations pour le salarié ou des dispositions dont la connaissance est nécessaire pour l’exécution de son travail doit être rédigé en français. » The case concerned English documents used to set variable-pay objectives. Its practical lesson for a new hire is wider: targets, commission plans, workplace policies, security instructions and other binding documents should not be left in an English-only group folder without a proper French version.

There is an important exception, but it is fact-sensitive. The Cour de cassation, Social Chamber, 24 June 2015, no. 14-13.829, applied the exception for documents received from abroad or intended for foreign employees. The decision of 2 April 2014, no. 12-30.191, illustrates the danger of relying on an English variable-pay document for a French employee. A foreign founder should preserve evidence of the employee’s nationality, the provenance of the document and its intended audience, but the safer operational method is a French contract and French binding annexes, followed by an English translation.

The first information file should also separate contractual promises from background policies. A handbook, code of conduct, data-security policy or group bonus plan may be useful, but the company should identify which text creates an obligation, which text merely explains a process and which text can be changed unilaterally. If a variable bonus is important to recruitment, the contract or a French-language annex should explain the calculation, reference period, objectives, evidence, payment date and treatment on departure. A link to an inaccessible overseas intranet is weak evidence of delivery.

B. Which pay, working-time, leave, trial-period and collective-agreement terms must be aligned?

The second block of information is the economic and operational core of the relationship. The employer must not treat the first payslip as the first time the employee learns the salary structure. Under Article R. 1221-34, the information includes, among other matters, the trial period, training rights, paid leave, termination procedure, the separate elements of remuneration, working time, overtime or additional hours, applicable collective agreements and mandatory social-protection schemes.

The statute expressly requires separate remuneration information. It refers to the elements of pay under Article L. 3221-3, including overtime increases, and to the frequency and method of payment. In practical terms, the document should identify:

  • the fixed gross salary and its payment frequency;
  • each recurring or conditional bonus, commission, benefit in kind or allowance;
  • the objective and calculation method for variable pay;
  • the treatment of overtime, additional hours, public-holiday work and travel time where relevant;
  • the payment date or pay period and the bank-payment process; and
  • the applicable minimum from statute, collective agreement or an approved company arrangement.

The contract should state whether a figure is gross or net, annual or monthly, guaranteed or conditional. A foreign group often describes compensation as “OTE”, “target earnings” or “total rewards”. Those expressions may be understandable internally, but they are not a substitute for a French-language explanation of what the employee is legally entitled to receive and what depends on objectives.

Working time must be described with the same precision. Article L. 3121-27 states: « La durée légale de travail effectif des salariés à temps complet est fixée à trente-cinq heures par semaine. » That does not mean every employee must work a simple Monday-to-Friday schedule, but the company must explain the daily or weekly duration, any reference period, the rules for overtime or additional hours and the conditions for changing shifts. A group policy stating “working hours as required by the business” is not an adequate substitute for a workable French arrangement.

For a senior employee, a forfait jours arrangement can be relevant, but it is not a label that can be inserted into a foreign template without checking the applicable collective agreement and the agreement supporting the arrangement. The employer should confirm the employee’s category, autonomy, annual-days mechanism, workload monitoring and rest protections. If those foundations are absent, the company may face a dispute over working time and overtime. A standard first-hire contract should not include a days-based arrangement merely because the employee is called a manager in English.

Paid leave also belongs in the information file. Article L. 3141-3 provides: « Le salarié a droit à un congé de deux jours et demi ouvrables par mois de travail effectif chez le même employeur. La durée totale du congé exigible ne peut excéder trente jours ouvrables. » The company may explain its leave-request process, closure dates and working-day calculation, but a US or UK holiday policy should not be copied without reconciling it with French paid-leave rules.

Training is not just a benefit line. Article L. 6321-1 requires the employer to ensure adaptation to the position and to maintain the employee’s ability to occupy employment, particularly in light of changes in jobs, technology and organisations. The first information pack should identify the onboarding and mandatory training route, the person responsible for it and any safety or compliance instruction needed before the employee begins a task.

The collective agreement must be identified from the French employer’s principal activity and the employee’s work, not chosen by the foreign parent because it uses the same industry label abroad. The document should give the name of the collective agreement and, where useful, its IDCC number. IDCC means the identification number assigned to a French collective agreement. The agreement can affect minimum pay, classification, trial periods, notice, working time, leave, benefits and the employee’s payslip. The article on which collective agreement applies to a foreign-owned company’s first employee addresses that separate selection question; this article focuses on communicating the resulting information correctly.

Trial periods create a second common mismatch between foreign templates and French rules. Article L. 1221-20 states: « La période d’essai permet à l’employeur d’évaluer les compétences du salarié dans son travail, notamment au regard de son expérience, et au salarié d’apprécier si les fonctions occupées lui conviennent. » It is a period for reciprocal assessment, not an informal period during which the company can ignore the contract or the employee’s other rights.

The clause must be express. Article L. 1221-23 states: « La période d’essai et la possibilité de la renouveler ne se présument pas. Elles sont expressément stipulées dans la lettre d’engagement ou le contrat de travail. » The Cour de cassation decision of 23 May 2017, no. 16-10.544, confirms that a trial clause must be agreed in an express and unequivocal way at the beginning of the engagement. If the employee starts work before the clause is clearly accepted, the company may not be able to rely on it.

Renewal is not automatic. Article L. 1221-21 states: « La période d’essai peut être renouvelée une fois si un accord de branche étendu le prévoit. Cet accord fixe les conditions et les durées de renouvellement. » The contract should state the initial duration, category, any renewal possibility and the decision process. The company must then verify the applicable branch agreement before extending the trial period.

The notice periods for ending a trial period should be explained accurately rather than replaced with “termination at will”. Article L. 1221-25 sets the employer’s notice periods according to the employee’s time in the company, while Article L. 1221-26 deals with the employee’s notice. The Cour de cassation, Social Chamber, 22 September 2016, no. 15-13.135, illustrates why a trial clause introduced or accepted after work has begun cannot safely be used to end the relationship as if the trial had existed from the first day.

Finally, the document should identify the termination procedure and the main mandatory schemes. That includes the social-security body, supplementary health insurance, provident coverage where applicable and the rules for obtaining the relevant notices. A foreign parent’s benefit summary can be attached, but it should not obscure which French scheme covers the employee or which contribution is taken through French payroll.

Recruitment information must also respect equal-treatment rules. Article L. 1132-1 protects the applicant and employee from discrimination in recruitment, pay, classification, training, working time and other employment decisions. The text includes nationality-related and residence-related grounds among the protected criteria. The company should document job-related requirements, especially where French-language ability, immigration status or travel is genuinely necessary, instead of using a broad preference for a particular passport or country of residence.

II. How should a foreign-owned company make the first hire legally operational?

A. How should the company coordinate work authorisation, DPAE, employee information and payroll?

The safest sequence is chronological. A founder should treat the first hire as a controlled file with named owners and evidence, not as a series of disconnected clicks by the recruiter, overseas parent, accountant and payroll provider.

  1. Confirm the legal employer and establishment. Check the French company’s registered identity, establishment address, SIREN and SIRET data and the signatory’s authority. SIREN identifies the company; SIRET identifies a particular establishment. If the company was just incorporated, coordinate the company-registration status with the employer-registration process. The INPI (Institut national de la propriété industrielle) operates the French Guichet unique for company formalities, but the Guichet unique does not replace the employee DPAE.
  2. Check nationality and the right to work. Before the employee starts, verify the document that authorises salaried work in France when one is required. Service-Public’s guidance on hiring a foreign employee explains that the employer must check the right to work and the validity of the relevant title. The route depends on the person’s nationality, residence status, job and any applicable exemption. Do not infer a right to work merely from a passport copy, a visa appointment or a foreign work permit.
  3. Prepare and submit the DPAE. DPAE means déclaration préalable à l’embauche. It is the declaration made to URSSAF, the Union de recouvrement des cotisations de sécurité sociale et d’allocations familiales, or to the appropriate agricultural body. Article L. 1221-10 states: « L’embauche d’un salarié ne peut intervenir qu’après déclaration nominative accomplie par l’employeur auprès des organismes de protection sociale désignés à cet effet. » The URSSAF DPAE guidance states that the declaration is made before the employee takes up the position or begins the trial period and can be made at the earliest eight days before the planned start.
  4. Reconcile the DPAE data. The employer’s legal identity, APE code, SIRET or registration reference, occupational-health service, employee identity, Social Security number if already allocated, expected date and time of hiring, contract nature and relevant trial-period information must be consistent with the contract. APE means activité principale exercée, the activity code used for the business. A mismatch is not always fatal, but it makes a later audit harder to explain.
  5. Send the R. 1221-34 information. The first documents should be ready before the start where possible. The statutory timetable is measured from the hiring date, so the company should not confuse “we have one month” with permission to leave the employee uninformed at onboarding.
  6. Open payroll and the monthly reporting route. DSN means déclaration sociale nominative, the monthly nominative social declaration used to transmit payroll and social information in the French system. Confirm the payroll provider, social-security affiliation, supplementary-health documents, payslip process and income-tax withholding route. The tax administration explains through its official withholding guidance that the employer receives the rate to apply through the reporting system. The company should not promise a net salary without confirming the gross-to-net assumptions.
  7. Arrange the first workplace and health steps. Give the employee the safety and prevention information relevant to the job, organise the required occupational-health process and document any mandatory training. A first hire should not be allowed to begin regulated, hazardous or client-facing work while the company is still deciding who owns the safety instructions.
  8. Enter the employee in the required registers. The Service-Public page on mandatory company registers explains the entries for the registre unique du personnel, the single personnel register. For a foreign worker where a work title is required, the register should record the title information and the date of the authorisation or request as required by the applicable rules.

The timing rule for the information statement is precise. Article R. 1221-35 states: « Les informations mentionnées aux 1° à 5°, 7° et aux 11° et 12° du même article sont communiquées individuellement au salarié au plus tard le septième jour calendaire à compter de la date d’embauche. Les autres informations sont communiquées au plus tard un mois à compter de la même date. » The first deadline therefore covers identity, workplace, job, hiring date, CDD term where relevant, trial-period terms, remuneration and working-time information. The remaining items, including training, paid leave, termination procedure, collective agreement and social-protection information, have the one-month deadline unless they are already in the contract.

The seven-day deadline is calendar days, not seven working days. A founder in a different time zone should set the internal deadline before the first French working day, because a weekend or French holiday does not automatically extend it. If the employment contract already contains every item, keep the signed version and the transmission evidence. If a contract points to a policy or collective agreement, keep the version that was accessible on the relevant date.

Electronic delivery can be valid, but the company must preserve the audit trail. Article R. 1221-39 states: « L’employeur adresse les informations mentionnées aux articles R. 1221-34 et R. 1221-36 sous format papier, par tout moyen conférant date certaine. » It then permits electronic delivery where the employee can access the information, save and print it, and the employer keeps proof of transmission or receipt. A link that later expires, an unsigned draft in a group drive or an email sent only to the overseas parent is not a robust record.

A simple evidence bundle should contain the signed contract, any translation requested by the employee, the email or portal receipt, the relevant version of each incorporated policy, the DPAE acknowledgement, work-authorisation evidence, payroll opening confirmation, health or benefit notices and the personnel-register entry. The bundle should be stored in a restricted French employment file, with access limited to those who need it and with a retention policy that respects data-protection obligations.

The contract and the DPAE must also be compatible with the company’s operational reality. If the founder hires an employee through a French subsidiary but the foreign parent directs every task, pays the bonus directly and signs the English offer, the file should explain the relationship rather than conceal it. If the foreign company itself is the employer, the social, tax and permanent-establishment analysis changes. The existing guide on hiring in France without a French subsidiary addresses that different structure.

Payroll information must continue after onboarding. Article R. 3243-1 identifies the information appearing on the payslip, including employer identification and other employment data. The company should check that the collective-agreement reference, classification, remuneration, hours, social contributions and withholding information align with the contract. A foreign finance team should receive a French payroll map with the meaning of each line rather than a spreadsheet that translates only the salary total.

The first salary payment is also the point at which a discrepancy becomes tangible. If the contract says a monthly gross salary, the payroll must apply the agreed figure, lawful deductions and any required benefits. If a bonus is conditional, the employee should be able to see the condition and later verify the calculation. If the company uses a foreign bank account, the payment route should be checked separately from the legal requirement to report and pay French social contributions.

B. What evidence and corrective steps protect the company after hiring?

The information obligation continues when the employment relationship changes. A promotion, new workplace, change in working time, new collective-agreement coverage, revised salary structure or new benefit can affect the information already delivered. Article R. 1221-40 states: « Lorsqu’une ou plusieurs des informations mentionnées aux articles R. 1221-34 et R. 1221-36 doivent être modifiées, l’employeur remet au salarié un document indiquant ces modifications dans les plus brefs délais, et au plus tard à la date de prise d’effet de cette modification. » The document should be sent through the same traceable route as the original information.

The rule contains an exception for changes resulting exclusively from a change in legislation or in the applicable collective agreement. That exception does not justify ignoring a practical change decided by the company. If a foreign parent changes the employee’s bonus, reporting line, workplace or working pattern, issue the relevant French-language document. If the statutory minimum changes, update the payroll and explain the effect in a way the employee can understand.

The employee’s remedy is structured. Article R. 1221-41 provides that the employee who has not received the information « ne peut saisir la juridiction prud’homale qu’à la condition d’avoir mis son employeur en demeure » to communicate or complete it, and that the employer has seven calendar days from receipt of the formal notice to respond. This procedure gives a foreign-owned company an opportunity to correct the file, but a formal notice should be treated as a legal escalation, not as an ordinary HR reminder.

The correction should identify the missing or inaccurate item, state the date of the original document, provide the corrected French-language information and keep proof of transmission. The company should not silently replace an old file or backdate a document. A dated correction note preserves the chronology and lets the company explain whether the issue affected pay, working time, the collective agreement, a trial-period clause or a work-authorisation decision.

There are four practical correction scenarios:

  • Missing information only. Send a dated supplemental statement, cross-reference the contract and obtain proof of receipt. If the missing information was already apparent from a signed contract, explain the cross-reference rather than creating contradictory documents.
  • Wrong contractual information. Identify whether the correction needs the employee’s agreement. A change to pay, job, working time or another contractual element should not be disguised as a simple information update.
  • Late or incorrect DPAE. Submit the correct information immediately, preserve the acknowledgement and record why the error occurred. A later filing does not erase the initial delay, but a controlled correction is more defensible than silence or a fabricated date.
  • Unclear right to work. Stop the start or the affected work until the relevant status is verified. Keep the document and the verification date, and obtain advice where the nationality, residence status or job creates uncertainty.

The DPAE is not a paperwork detail. The absence of an intentional DPAE can fall within the definition of concealed employment. Article L. 8221-5 provides that « Est réputé travail dissimulé par dissimulation d’emploi salarié le fait pour tout employeur » to intentionally avoid the DPAE, payslip or salary and contribution declarations. Article L. 8224-1 states: « Le fait de méconnaître les interdictions définies à l’article L. 8221-1 est puni d’un emprisonnement de trois ans et d’une amende de 45 000 euros. » The precise classification and sanctions depend on the facts, the intent requirement and the applicable proceedings, but a foreign founder should never treat a late filing as something to hide from the accountant or URSSAF.

The Cour de cassation, Social Chamber, 1 July 2015, no. 13-26.727, is a useful caution against both overstatement and complacency: the material absence of a DPAE did not by itself establish the intentional element of concealed employment in that case. That does not make the omission acceptable. It means the company should preserve evidence of its process, correct the error promptly and avoid confusing the absence of proof of intent in one case with immunity from employment, social or administrative consequences.

The criminal decisions in Cass. crim., 28 February 2012, no. 10-88.678, and Cass. crim., 28 May 2013, no. 11-87.775, show why late or missing declarations and failures to keep personnel records can be examined together. The decision of 12 January 2021, no. 18-86.709, places the DPAE within the broader purposes of preventing concealed work, protecting employees and supporting fair competition. These decisions should be read as prompts for traceability: a company should be able to show who prepared the declaration, when it was sent, what acknowledgement was received and how any error was resolved.

Language failures can also affect the enforceability of later pay documents. In the 11 October 2023 decision, no. 22-13.770, the Cour de cassation required the lower court to examine the French-language rule before allowing the employer to rely on English variable-pay plans. For a first employee, the corrective process should therefore cover not only the contract but also objectives, commission schedules, performance-review forms and policies that determine pay or create employee obligations.

Recruitment and correction records should also be reviewed for discrimination risk. Article L. 1132-4 states: « Toute disposition ou tout acte pris à l’égard d’un salarié en méconnaissance des dispositions du présent chapitre … est nul. » The ellipsis is not a shortcut for ignoring the rest of the provision: the company should read the full text when making a decision. In practice, keep objective reasons for requesting a language skill, a work authorisation or travel availability, and use the same selection criteria for candidates.

A foreign founder can use the following first-month control table:

Moment Control question Evidence to retain
Before offer Who is the legal employer, what is the activity, which collective agreement and classification appear likely, and does the candidate have the right status to work? Entity extract, establishment data, role description, candidate documents and written legal review for any immigration question.
Before start Does the French contract explain the position, location, pay, working time, leave, trial period and termination rules in French? Final signed contract, requested translation, annexes and version-controlled policies.
Before work or trial Was the DPAE transmitted before the employee takes up the position? DPAE copy, acknowledgement, submission time and any correction record.
First seven calendar days Were identity, workplace, position, start date, trial terms, pay and working-time information delivered individually? Email or portal receipt, employee download record and signed supplemental statement if needed.
First month Were training, paid leave, termination procedure, collective agreement and social-protection information delivered? Information statement, policy versions, benefit notices and collective-agreement reference.
First payroll Do payslip, DSN, withholding and benefit deductions match the contract? Payslip review, payroll checklist, DSN confirmation and payment proof.
After any change Does the change affect an R. 1221-34 item or a contractual term? Dated amendment or information update, proof of receipt and payroll implementation note.

This file should be managed by a named person in France, even when the founder, finance director and HR platform are abroad. The person should know the employer’s SIRET, APE code, URSSAF contact, occupational-health service, payroll calendar and document-storage location. “The parent approved it” is not a substitute for showing that the French employer fulfilled its own duties.

Finally, the company should connect the first-hire file to its broader legal calendar. The Kbis and INPI registration evidence belong to company formation. The DPAE, employee information statement, personnel register, payroll and DSN belong to employment compliance. VAT, corporate tax and annual accounts follow their own deadlines. Keeping those calendars separate reduces the common mistake of believing that completion of the Guichet unique means every employment obligation is complete.

Conclusion

A foreign founder hiring in France should deliver a complete French employment file, not just an English offer and a salary figure. The minimum information covers the parties, workplace, position, start date, CDD term where relevant, trial period, training, paid leave, termination process, remuneration, working time, overtime, collective agreement and mandatory social-protection schemes.

The practical deadlines are equally important. The DPAE must precede the employee’s work or trial period. The identity, workplace, job, start date, trial, pay and working-time information must be delivered no later than the seventh calendar day after hiring. The remaining R. 1221-34 information must be delivered no later than one month after hiring. Electronic delivery is possible only with access, saving and printing capability and evidence of transmission or receipt.

The safest first-hire workflow is to name the French employer, verify the right to work, finalise a French-language contract, file the DPAE, deliver the information statement, open compliant payroll, make the personnel-register entry and preserve the entire evidence bundle. When the company discovers an error, it should correct the file transparently and immediately, without backdating or silently replacing documents.

These steps are especially important where a foreign parent supplies the contract, objectives, pay plan or HR platform. French employment law applies to the French relationship, and a document that is clear to headquarters may be incomplete, late or difficult to enforce in France. A targeted review before the first start date can prevent a small onboarding omission from becoming a dispute about pay, status, working time or concealed employment.

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Source : Cour de cassation – Base Open Data « Judilibre » & « Légifrance ».

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Thank you to Maître KOHEN for his analyses of recent case law regarding fraudulent concealment in real estate sales. This reinforces my decision to pursue an action for rescission that I am considering after acquiring a house affected by serious defects intentionally concealed by the seller and not reported by the real estate agent; also defects (rising damp) characterized by progressive through-cracks and damp patches, not reported by the real estate agent… Worse, defects concealed by the latter or on his initiative under a coat of paint and polystyrene tiles glued to the ceiling of a bedroom. And said real estate agent was the drafter of the preliminary contract, which naturally contains no information regarding any of these defects. I would just add that, being 77 years old and suffering from cognitive impairment, I am certain the real estate agent thought I would not be able to uncover the deception and, above all, characterize fraudulent intent, let alone initiate legal proceedings given the complexity and length of the process... That is why I am opting for criminal proceedings, insofar as the intentional concealment of defects by the seller and then by the real estate agent

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Naji Jouahri
5 months ago

Excellent support from Maître Kohen in a case combining business law and real estate law. Clear legal analysis from the first meeting, right through to the hearing. Professional and accessible lawyer, I highly recommend his firm in Paris 17.

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Reply from the firm

Cases at the intersection of business law and real estate law require a comprehensive overview — that's the core of the firm's practice, from the initial meeting to the hearing. Thank you for this precise recommendation.

Halim Tunde
5 months ago

Maître Kohen assisted me in recovering unpaid debts from a defaulting tenant. Procedure mastered from start to finish, from the payment order to eviction. Human, attentive, and always reachable. Thank you for your work.

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Reply from the firm

Collecting unpaid rent requires a procedure handled from start to finish, without downtime — glad to have seen yours through to completion. Thank you for this testimonial.

Cha
5 months ago

As a young student living in an apartment, my landlord tried to make me leave my accommodation even though he had sent me no termination notice. I therefore contacted Mr. Reda Kohen to help me as I couldn’t handle the situation alone. In just 3 days everything was resolved, Maître Kohen defended me and accompanied me with an irreproachable level of commitment and efficiency. I can only recommend his professionalism!

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Reply from the firm

An irregular termination notice does not terminate a lease: delighted that the situation was resolved in a few days. Good luck with your studies.

Asmaa Maazaz
6 months ago

I turned to Maître Kohen for a complex real estate dispute and I highly recommend his firm. He is very professional; he thoroughly analyzed my case from the very first appointment and clearly explained the possible options. Thanks to his expertise, we achieved a very favorable outcome. Responsive, a good teacher, and committed, he is a lawyer you can truly trust. Yours faithfully, Miss Maazaz

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Reply from the firm

Thank you very much, Miss Maazaz, for this feedback. Analytical rigor and responsiveness are essential commitments of our law firm specializing in real estate law in Paris, where each case requires a tailored approach. Delighted that we were able to achieve a favorable outcome. The firm remains at your disposal. Best regards.