Kohen Avocats, commercial litigation in Saint-Étienne
Commercial litigation lawyer Saint-Étienne: debts, disputes, urgent relief
Unpaid invoices, terminated contracts, unfair competition, enforcement of judgments: as a commercial litigation lawyer for Saint-Étienne clients, the firm brings and defends claims before the commercial courts, from urgent applications to the merits. A lawyer can be chosen freely, whichever bar they belong to.
Prompt, confidential response. In business, time is an asset: the earlier counsel steps in, the more options remain open, negotiation included.
Commercial litigation · Saint-Étienne
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Kohen Avocats, Paris 17
Commercial litigation in Saint-Étienne, explained
Commercial litigation · Paris 17th arrondissement
What a commercial litigation lawyer does in Saint-Étienne
- Paris Bar
- Commercial litigation
- Firm in Paris 17th
Lawyer at the Paris Bar: business law, contracts and commercial litigation.
Business law plays out on two fronts. First, the amicable stage: formal notice, negotiation, settlement agreement. Most commercial disputes are resolved before any hearing when they are taken up early. Then the court: in Saint-Étienne, the commercial court (tribunal de commerce) of Saint-Étienne, 36 rue de la Résistance, hears disputes between traders and disputes involving commercial companies under Article L. 721-3 of the French Commercial Code (Code de commerce); disputes over the commercial lease statute fall for the most part within the judicial court of Saint-Étienne, place du Palais de Justice. No rule requires you to choose a local lawyer. Confidential first discussion on +33 6 46 60 58 22.
Send what you have, even if incomplete: the firm will prioritise and complete the file with you. In an emergency, call +33 6 46 60 58 22.
Official profile in the directory of French lawyers (CNB)Firm at 11 rue Margueritte, 75017 Paris
Recovering your debts
Formal notice, payment order, urgent application for an interim payment, writ of summons: the route is chosen according to the debt — and the five-year limitation period runs under Article L. 110-4 of the French Commercial Code (Code de commerce).
Defending your contracts
Breach of contract, sudden termination of established relationships, unpaid guarantees: each contractual dispute is quantified and argued, supported by accounting records.
Acting urgently
An interim payment where the debt is not seriously disputable, protective measures, a manifestly unlawful disturbance: the urgent application before the president of the court moves quickly (Article 873 of the French Code of Civil Procedure).
Key points
Business litigation: your courts, one method
Address, contacts, appeals: practical points of reference.
- Disputes between traders and commercial companies: commercial court of Saint-Étienne, 36 rue de la Résistance, 42000 Saint-Étienne, tel. 04 77 43 97 97 (Article L. 721-3).
- Commercial lease statute: judicial court of Saint-Étienne, place du Palais de Justice, 42000 Saint-Étienne, tel. 04 77 43 33 00, for most of the litigation.
- Appeals against judgments go to the court of appeal of Lyon, 1 rue du Palais de Justice, 69005 Lyon, within one month (Article 538 of the Code of Civil Procedure).
- In urgent cases, the president rules in urgent application proceedings: an interim payment where the debt is not seriously disputable, protective measures in the event of a manifest disturbance (Article 873 of the Code of Civil Procedure).
The firm, based on rue Margueritte in the 17th arrondissement of Paris, advises and defends company directors, traders and companies in Saint-Étienne; where the law requires a local lawyer to act as postulant, it arranges this with a colleague from the jurisdiction. What matters: mastery of the subject and availability, from the first appointment through to the hearing.
Commercial leases
The commercial lease: the statute that protects the business
Nine years, renewal, compensated eviction: a public-policy statute with strict time limits.
Position A
During the lease
- Minimum term of nine years, with the tenant entitled to give notice at each three-year break, six months in advance (Article L. 145-4).
- Unpaid rent: the termination clause takes effect only one month after a formal demand to pay has gone unanswered (Article L. 145-41).
- Change of permitted use, subletting, assignment of the lease: each operation is subject to its own conditions, and is prepared in writing.
Position B
At expiry
- The lease ends only by notice to quit given six months in advance by extrajudicial act, or by a request for renewal (Article L. 145-9).
- Refusal of renewal: save for exceptions, the landlord owes eviction compensation, the market value of the business (Article L. 145-14).
- Warning: all actions under the statute are subject to a two-year limitation period (Article L. 145-60), and a challenge to a notice to quit can rarely wait.
The reflex: date every notice to quit, every formal demand, every request. In a commercial lease, the two-year limitation period and the six-month time limits govern everything.
The firm acts in all business disputes:
- Commercial contracts
- Debt recovery
- Commercial leases
- Business sales
- Shareholder disputes
- Unfair competition
Companies
Companies and shareholders: safeguarding, and settling disputes when necessary
Corporate life produces its crises: they are prevented in writing and resolved by law.
Shareholders stage
Shareholder disputes
Deadlocked decisions, abuse of majority rights, exclusion: the exit often comes through the transfer of the shareholder's rights in the company, and failing agreement on the price, an expert sets it (Article 1843-4 of the French Civil Code).
Directors stage
Mandates and liability
Removal, remuneration, related-party agreements, liability for management fault: the director is protected by articles of association and minutes kept with rigour.
Transactions stage
Transfers and warranties
Sale of a business or of shares, warranty and indemnity agreement, due diligence: every clause carries weight, and the drafting makes the transaction secure.
Nullities stage
Nullities: two years
Actions for nullity of the company or of corporate decisions are subject to a two-year limitation period (Article 1844-14 of the Civil Code, as worded following the 2025 reform).
The ordinary commercial limitation period is five years (Article L. 110-4 of the Commercial Code); for commercial leases, two years. Dating the starting point precisely is often half the case.
Timeline
From dispute to court: how it unfolds
The typical stages of a business case handled by the firm in Saint-Étienne.
The dispute
Unpaid invoice, terminated contract, blocking shareholder: date the facts and gather contracts, emails and accounting documents from day one.
The consultation
Analysis of the contracts, time limits and evidence; quantification of the debt or the loss; choice of route: negotiation, urgent application, payment order or full proceedings on the merits.
Formal notice
A lawyer's letter, precise and quantified, resolves many commercial disputes; it fixes the parties' positions and prepares the court stage if it proves necessary.
The writ of summons
Failing agreement, the case is brought before the commercial court of Saint-Étienne, by urgent application for an interim payment where the debt is not seriously contestable (Article 873 of the Code of Civil Procedure).
The hearing and the decision
Submissions, accounting documents, an expert assessment if needed: each claim is quantified and proved, interest and costs included.
The appeal
The judgment may be appealed within one month before the court of appeal of Lyon, 1 rue du Palais de Justice, 69005 Lyon (Article 538 of the Code of Civil Procedure); provisional enforcement applies as of right.
Preparing your case
The documents to gather
The checklist that carries weight, in negotiation as before the judge.
- The contracts: general terms of sale, purchase orders, commercial lease, articles of association and shareholders' agreements.
- Invoices, account statements, payment schedules, acknowledgements of debt.
- Formal notices and replies, decisive emails, minutes of meetings.
- Minutes of general meetings and board meetings, management reports, annual accounts.
- Kbis extracts, deeds of transfer, warranty and indemnity agreements, pledges.
- Reports by a commissaire de justice (court bailiff), amicable expert reports, accounting correspondence.
Verified reference points, Commercial Code and Civil Code
The rules of the game, in black and white.
The time limits and procedures that govern commercial proceedings — those the firm relies on in Saint-Étienne, with the legal texts to support them.
5 years
Commercial limitation period, Article L. 110-4 of the Commercial Code
Obligations arising between traders, or between traders and non-traders, are subject to a five-year limitation period, unless shorter periods apply.
9 years
The commercial lease, Article L. 145-4 of the Commercial Code
The term of a commercial lease may not be less than nine years, with the tenant entitled to give notice at each three-year break.
6 months
Notice to quit and renewal, Article L. 145-9 of the Commercial Code
A commercial lease ends only by notice to quit given six months in advance by extrajudicial act, or by a request for renewal.
2 years
Actions under the lease statute, Article L. 145-60 of the Commercial Code
All actions brought under the commercial lease statute are subject to a two-year limitation period, and challenging a notice to quit cannot wait.
1 month
Appealing the decision, Article 538 of the Code of Civil Procedure
An ordinary appeal must be brought within one month in contentious matters; the case goes before the court of appeal of Lyon, 1 rue du Palais de Justice, 69005 Lyon. Provisional enforcement applies as of right.
Official source. Articles L. 110-4, L. 145-4, L. 145-9 and L. 145-60 of the Commercial Code; Article 538 of the Code of Civil Procedure
These benchmarks, set by law, apply in Saint-Étienne as everywhere in France. Applying them is worked out case by case, document by document.
Frequently asked questions
Your questions: commercial litigation
Can a Paris lawyer argue my commercial dispute in Saint-Étienne?
Yes. Before the commercial court as before the judicial court, where the law requires representation by a local lawyer (avocat postulant), the firm arranges it with a colleague from the relevant jurisdiction; the firm keeps the strategy, the drafting and the pleading.
Negotiation, for its part, knows no bar boundaries — and most commercial disputes are settled before the hearing.
The firm, based on rue Margueritte in Paris 17th arrondissement, follows its cases in Saint-Étienne from start to finish.
Which procedure should I choose to recover an unpaid invoice?
Three main routes: the payment order for simple, documented debts; the urgent application for an interim payment where the debt is not seriously disputable (Article 873 of the French Code of Civil Procedure); and the writ of summons on the merits for contested disputes.
The choice depends on the documents, the debtor and the urgency — and the five-year limitation period runs (Article L. 110-4 of the French Commercial Code).
The firm calculates the debt, interest and recovery costs, then enforces the order obtained.
My contract was terminated abruptly: what are my rights?
Terminating an established commercial relationship without sufficient written notice engages the liability of the party responsible: the loss is calculated on the margin that would have been earned during the notice period owed.
Length of relationship, turnover, dependence: the evidence is built on the figures.
The firm assesses the notice period, quantifies the lost margin, negotiates and issues proceedings if necessary.
Unfair competition, poaching of staff, parasitic conduct: what can be done?
Stop it, then obtain redress: the urgent application can end a manifestly unlawful disturbance (Article 873 of the French Code of Civil Procedure), and proceedings on the merits can secure damages.
Evidence comes first: reports by a commissaire de justice (court bailiff), dated screenshots, witness statements.
The firm combines the two fronts — urgency and the merits — to protect the client base and investments.
Which court hears my commercial dispute in Saint-Étienne?
Disputes between traders and those relating to commercial companies fall within the jurisdiction of the commercial court of Saint-Étienne, 36 rue de la Résistance, 42000 Saint-Étienne — telephone 04 77 43 97 97 (Article L. 721-3 of the French Commercial Code).
Certain disputes — including the statutory regime governing commercial leases — fall within the jurisdiction of the judicial court of Saint-Étienne, place du Palais de Justice.
An appeal lies to the court of appeal of Lyon, 1 rue du Palais de Justice, 69005 Lyon, within one month (Article 538 of the French Code of Civil Procedure).
How long do I have to act?
The ordinary commercial limitation period is five years (Article L. 110-4 of the French Commercial Code), subject to shorter special limitation periods.
For commercial leases, two years (Article L. 145-60); for the nullity of companies, also two years.
Checking the limitation period is the first reflex: a time-barred debt can no longer be recovered.
I have been summoned before the court: how do I defend myself?
Do not allow judgment by default: every argument counts — jurisdiction, limitation, performance of the contract, challenging the amount claimed.
Accounting and contractual documents make the commercial case; their analysis comes before any strategy.
The firm also pleads counterclaims: defending oneself often means counter-attacking.
Judgment has been given: how do I have it enforced?
Provisional enforcement applies by operation of law: the judgment is enforced without waiting for the appeal, subject to adjustments.
Attachments, security, daily penalty payments: enforcement is managed with a commissaire de justice (court bailiff).
Conversely, the firm organises the debtor's defence: grace periods, challenges to attachments.
What can the firm do in an emergency?
Apply to the president of the court by urgent application: interim payment, protective measures, restoration of the previous state, ending a manifestly unlawful disturbance (Article 873 of the French Code of Civil Procedure).
Applications and preventive reports to freeze the evidence before it disappears.
In an emergency, call directly: the first consultation serves to secure the position, then to build the case.
What fees apply to commercial litigation in Saint-Étienne?
Fees are set out in a written agreement, in accordance with Article 10 of the Law of 31 December 1971: before committing, the client knows what the assignment covers and what it costs.
The firm favours fixed fees per stage — formal notice, urgent application or payment order, merits, enforcement, appeal — and a success fee for debt recovery where appropriate.
A quote is prepared after the situation has been reviewed. First conversation on +33 6 46 60 58 22.
Sources and related pages
Official texts and related pages
The sources for this page and the firm's related areas of practice.
Further reading
Page updated on 7 August 2026.
A commercial dispute in Saint-Étienne?
Contact the firm. Our lawyers bring and defend claims in Saint-Étienne: debt recovery, breaches of contract, unfair competition, enforcement of judgments — and then on appeal where necessary.
The latest news.
What our clients say
Best real estate law and business law lawyer in Paris. A humane and attentive lawyer, with a wonderful team. Thank you, Maître KOHEN
Translated from French
Thank you to Maître KOHEN for his analyses of recent case law on fraudulent non-disclosure in property sales. It reassures me about an action for annulment that I am considering after buying a house affected by serious defects intentionally concealed by the seller and not reported by the estate agent; also defects (rising damp) characterised by spreading through-cracks and damp stains, not reported by the estate agent… Worse, defects concealed by the latter or at his instigation, under a coat of paint and by polystyrene tiles glued to the ceiling of a bedroom. And the said estate agent drafted the preliminary contract, which of course contains no information about any of these defects. Just to add that, being 77 years old and suffering from cognitive impairment, I am certain that the estate agent thought I would not be able to discover the deception and above all to establish the fraudulent intent, still less to bring legal proceedings given the complexity and length of the procedure... That is why I am opting for the criminal route, insofar as the intentional concealment of the defects by the seller and then by the estate agent amounts to the fraudulent manoeuvres of art. 313-1 of
Translated from French
Maître Reda KOHEN assisted me in a dispute concerning a sale agreement with a defaulting party. He provided professional and responsive support, and I highly recommend him.
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I highly recommend Maître Reda Kohen. Thanks to his explanations, I was able to recover my security deposit in a situation that seemed blocked. He was responsive, clear, and very professional. A big thank you for his invaluable help!
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Excellent support from Maître Kohen in a case combining business law and real estate law. Clear legal analysis from the first meeting, right through to the hearing. Professional and accessible lawyer, I highly recommend his firm in Paris 17.
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Maître Kohen assisted me in recovering unpaid debts from a defaulting tenant. Procedure mastered from start to finish, from the payment order to eviction. Human, attentive, and always reachable. Thank you for your work.
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As a young student living in an apartment, my landlord tried to make me leave my accommodation even though he had sent me no termination notice. I therefore contacted Mr. Reda Kohen to help me as I couldn’t handle the situation alone. In just 3 days everything was resolved, Maître Kohen defended me and accompanied me with an irreproachable level of commitment and efficiency. I can only recommend his professionalism!
Translated from French
I turned to Maître Kohen for a complex real estate dispute and I highly recommend his firm. He is very professional; he thoroughly analyzed my case from the very first appointment and clearly explained the possible options. Thanks to his expertise, we achieved a very favorable outcome. Responsive, a good teacher, and committed, he is a lawyer you can truly trust. Yours faithfully, Miss Maazaz
Translated from French
Very satisfied! I would like to thank Maître Esther Cornu here, who managed to resolve a very complicated dispute in a divorce and family law matter...Thanks to Maître Cornu, a judgment was handed down in my favour even though it was far from a foregone conclusion...So I recommend this law firm
Translated from French
A precise and concrete analysis and an immediate response. Excellent.
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I highly recommend this lawyer for his professionalism, honesty, and transparency. He helped me successfully and guided me through the process with great care and expertise. What I particularly appreciated was his honest approach and the fact that he recommended practical, cost-effective options instead of immediately pushing for the most expensive solution. He genuinely focused on finding the right approach for my situation. I’m very grateful for his support and would definitely recommend him to anyone looking for a trustworthy and professional lawyer in France.
Thank you for this detailed, precise help, with a proposal at the end on whether or not to continue (very quick response as well)
Translated from French
Very good advice given by Maître Cornu during our meeting on 16 October.
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Very professional and responsive service. The lawyer quickly and carefully checked the validity of my wife’s residence permit in light of a specific legal regime. His work gave us clarity, whereas the usual administrative procedures were long and ambiguous. I appreciated his efficiency and professionalism, and I recommend his services.
Translated from French
I would like to warmly thank Maître Esther Cornu for her professionalism, her availability and the quality of her support. In a case of particular importance for my professional future, she showed great responsiveness, rigour and a gift for explaining things, taking the time to answer my questions precisely and to explain the various legal steps to me. I particularly appreciate the clarity of her analyses, her seriousness and her commitment in following up my case. Many thanks to Maître Esther Cornu for listening and for her support. I highly recommend!
Translated from French
I was pleasantly surprised by the responsiveness of Mr Reda Cohen, who took the time to answer my questions about my case instantly. It has become so rare these days to find a lawyer who is so available, responsive and attentive, even when it is simply a matter of answering questions. His answers are clear, precise and reassuring. You can tell that he takes the time to understand the situation and to provide relevant answers. Beyond his excellent ratings on Google, it is above all this availability and this seriousness that make the difference. Many thanks to Mr Reda Cohen for his professionalism and his responsiveness. I highly recommend!
Translated from French
A huge thank you to Maître Esther Cornu from Kohen Avocats for her support during a particularly difficult time. Her attentiveness, empathy, and humanity touched me deeply. She was able to answer my questions with clarity and sensitivity, while demonstrating great professionalism and fully respecting the confidentiality of the case. Beyond her professional qualities, I met a deeply humane lawyer whose support made a real difference. I sincerely recommend her.
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Good experience. And good work, thank you for everything.
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Saw Hassan on the TV news
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very clear article
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