{"id":2144889,"date":"2026-10-11T03:53:38","date_gmt":"2026-10-11T01:53:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/2026\/10\/11\/foreign-company-france-pay-founder-salary-dividends-charges-tax-abroad\/"},"modified":"2026-10-11T03:53:38","modified_gmt":"2026-10-11T01:53:38","slug":"foreign-company-france-pay-founder-salary-dividends-charges-tax-abroad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/11\/foreign-company-france-pay-founder-salary-dividends-charges-tax-abroad\/","title":{"rendered":"How a Foreign Founder Living Abroad Gets Paid by a French Company: Salary vs Dividends, Social Charges and Tax"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>You formed a company in France, the Kbis (the official company identity certificate issued by the greffe, the registry of the commercial court) arrived, the capital deposit was released by the bank, and business can start. One question remains, and it is the most personal of all: how do you, the foreign founder who lives abroad, lawfully take money out of that French company. The answer depends on two distinct choices that many founders confuse. The first choice is your office: president of a SAS (soci\u00e9t\u00e9 par actions simplifi\u00e9e, the flexible joint-stock company most foreign founders select) or g\u00e9rant (manager) of a SARL (soci\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 responsabilit\u00e9 limit\u00e9e, the limited liability company with a more rigid statutory frame). The second choice is the channel: monthly pay for your duties as a director, or dividends voted once a year out of profits. Each channel carries its own social charges collected by URSSAF (the union for the recovery of social security contributions and family allowances), its own income tax treatment under the CGI (Code g\u00e9n\u00e9ral des imp\u00f4ts, the French tax code), and, because you live outside France, its own withholding tax at the border. If you already compared the vehicles themselves, our pillar guide on <a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/03\/foreign-company-france-sas-sarl-branch-choose-vehicle-abroad\/\">choosing between a SAS, a SARL, a branch and a subsidiary from abroad<\/a> sets out the full comparison; this article takes the next step and explains, line by line, how the founder gets paid. Part I maps the two offices and the social protection attached to each. Part II compares salary and dividends euro by euro, including the withholding tax that applies when the recipient lives abroad and the company-law limits on distributions.<\/p>\n<h2>I. Your office decides your social regime before it decides your pay<\/h2>\n<p>French law does not let a founder simply invoice the company at will and call the proceeds whatever suits the tax calculation of the month. The office held determines the social security regime, the regime determines the base on which URSSAF charges contributions, and only then can the founder arbitrate between pay and dividends. Two offices dominate foreign-owned small companies: president of a SAS and g\u00e9rant of a SARL. Their regimes are opposite, and the choice made in the articles of association follows the founder for years, including through controls and reassessments.<\/p>\n<h3>A. President of a SAS living abroad: an assimilated employee affiliated to the general scheme<\/h3>\n<p>A SAS is formed under Article L227-1 of the Commercial Code, which states that &#8220;Une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 par actions simplifi\u00e9e peut \u00eatre institu\u00e9e par une ou plusieurs personnes qui ne supportent les pertes qu&#8217;\u00e0 concurrence de leur apport&#8221; (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000048535177\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000048535177\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">C. com., art. L227-1<\/a>). The president of that SAS, whether a shareholder or not, whether resident in France or living abroad, falls within the general social security scheme by assimilation. The Cour de cassation applies this assimilation strictly. In a decision of 15 May 2025, appeal number 23-13.763, the Second Civil Chamber visaed the controlling texts, &#8220;Vu les articles L. 242-1, L. 311-2 et L. 311-3, 23\u00b0, du code de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sociale et L. 1221-1 du code du travail&#8221;, then held that &#8220;ce dirigeant \u00e9tait assujetti par assimilation au r\u00e9gime g\u00e9n\u00e9ral en sa qualit\u00e9 de pr\u00e9sident d&#8217;une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 par actions simplifi\u00e9e&#8221; (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6825813860bc8fffffa90735\">Cass. 2e civ., 15 May 2025, no. 23-13.763<\/a>). The practical meaning for a founder living in London, New York or Dubai is direct: as soon as the SAS pays its president a remuneration, that remuneration runs through French payroll, generates a pay slip, and triggers employer and employee contributions declared through the DSN (d\u00e9claration sociale nominative, the monthly electronic payroll return) to URSSAF, exactly as for an executive employee. The official Service Public Entreprendre page on the social protection of company directors confirms the split between regimes and should be read before any appointment (<a href=\"https:\/\/entreprendre.service-public.fr\/vosdroits\/F38152\">Service Public: protection sociale du dirigeant de soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>Assimilation brings three consequences that founders living abroad often discover late. First, the president without an employment contract separate from the corporate office has no unemployment insurance and no paid-leave accrual as such; the pay slip records a director&#8217;s remuneration, not wages under an employment contract, and the resemblance to an employee stops at contributions and daily benefits. Second, every euro of remuneration voted or decided under the articles increases the contribution base, including benefits in kind such as a company car or housing made available in France. The same 15 May 2025 decision validated the reintegration of a retirement indemnity into the contribution base, a reminder that URSSAF reads the base broadly. Third, affiliation is not optional and cannot be replaced by the founder&#8217;s private insurance taken out abroad: as long as the SAS pays its president, the French general scheme claims the contributions, subject only to European coordination regulations or bilateral social security treaties, which must be examined country by country with posted-worker or multi-state forms where applicable. A founder who already held employee status in France before taking the presidency keeps a useful bridge: the Cour de cassation recalled, on 26 November 2015, appeal number 14-22.926, that &#8220;toute personne qui per\u00e7oit l&#8217;un des revenus de remplacement mentionn\u00e9s \u00e0 l&#8217;article L. 5421-2 du code du travail conserve la qualit\u00e9 d&#8217;assur\u00e9 et b\u00e9n\u00e9ficie du maintien de ses droits aux prestations du r\u00e9gime obligatoire d&#8217;assurance maladie, maternit\u00e9, invalidit\u00e9 et d\u00e9c\u00e8s dont elle relevait ant\u00e9rieurement&#8221; (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/61372967cd58014677435ef0\">Cass. 2e civ., 26 Nov. 2015, no. 14-22.926<\/a>). Continuity of rights between two affiliations is therefore protected, but it never exempts the SAS from declaring and paying contributions on the president&#8217;s current remuneration.<\/p>\n<p>For the founder living abroad, the payroll mechanics deserve a paragraph of their own. The SAS registers as an employer with URSSAF, obtains its employer account, and files the DSN each month even when the president is its only paid person. The net pay can be transferred to a foreign bank account without difficulty, but the contributions are payable in France in euros. Where the founder also works for the company under a genuine employment contract for technical duties distinct from the corporate office, that contract must describe real subordinate functions, with working time, reporting lines and duties different from the mandate; otherwise URSSAF or the labour courts recharacterise the arrangement and the founder loses on both fronts, contributions without unemployment cover. Where no such contract exists, the president is a corporate officer only, and the minutes or the articles should state the remuneration clearly, because an undocumented cash drawings risks reclassification as disguised salary with late-payment surcharges, or as an unlawful distribution if the company had no profits.<\/p>\n<h3>B. Majority g\u00e9rant of a SARL living abroad: self-employed status and a contribution base of its own<\/h3>\n<p>The SARL is managed, under Article L223-18 of the Commercial Code, under a simple rule: &#8220;La soci\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 responsabilit\u00e9 limit\u00e9e est g\u00e9r\u00e9e par une ou plusieurs personnes physiques&#8221; (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031013015\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031013015\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">C. com., art. L223-18<\/a>). Behind that simplicity hides a social security divide that turns entirely on the shareholding. The statute on assimilation, Article L311-3 of the Social Security Code, lists among persons covered &#8220;Les g\u00e9rants de soci\u00e9t\u00e9s \u00e0 responsabilit\u00e9 limit\u00e9e et de soci\u00e9t\u00e9s d&#8217;exercice lib\u00e9ral \u00e0 responsabilit\u00e9 limit\u00e9e \u00e0 condition que lesdits g\u00e9rants ne poss\u00e8dent pas ensemble plus de la moiti\u00e9 du capital social&#8221; (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000051284232\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000051284232\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CSS, art. L311-3<\/a>). Read the condition the other way round and the landscape becomes clear. A minority or equal-share g\u00e9rant is assimilated to an employee and joins the general scheme like a SAS president. A majority g\u00e9rant, alone or together with family holdings counted by the statute, is a travailleur non salari\u00e9 (TNS, the self-employed worker status), affiliated to the S\u00e9curit\u00e9 sociale des ind\u00e9pendants, with contributions called and recovered by URSSAF on a specific base. The Court of Appeal of Rennes illustrated the mechanism on 14 May 2025, docket number 23\/06276, in a case where the court described a manager affiliated to the self-employed social security scheme as majority co-manager of a SARL, before examining a constraint for 61,920 euros in contributions, adjustments and late surcharges for 2015 and 2016. The lesson for a foreign founder is that majority management in a SARL never produces a pay slip: the g\u00e9rant receives drawings on account of remuneration decided by the shareholders, pays TNS contributions on a professional-income base, and cannot claim the daily benefits or pension accrual of the general scheme on the same terms.<\/p>\n<p>The TNS base itself is defined by Article L131-6 of the Social Security Code: &#8220;Les cotisations de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sociale dues par les travailleurs ind\u00e9pendants non agricoles ne relevant pas du dispositif pr\u00e9vu \u00e0 l&#8217;article L. 613-7 sont assises sur l&#8217;assiette d\u00e9finie \u00e0 l&#8217;article L. 136-3&#8221; (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000048683707\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000048683707\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CSS, art. L131-6<\/a>). In plain terms, contributions apply to the g\u00e9rant&#8217;s professional income including the remuneration voted, with flat minimum bases (assiettes minimales) due even in a loss-making year, which surprises founders who assumed that no profit means no charges. The official page on directors&#8217; income summarises the declaration circuit for each office (<a href=\"https:\/\/entreprendre.service-public.fr\/vosdroits\/F36065\">Service Public: revenus du dirigeant d&#8217;une soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/a>). Three planning points follow for a founder living abroad. First, the TNS call for contributions arrives with a time lag and regularisations, so the founder must provision cash in the French company or on a French personal account; the Rennes case shows how two years of regularisation can crystallise into a single enforceable constraint. Second, health cover under the TNS route is thinner than under the general scheme for daily allowances, which matters when the founder keeps no other European affiliation; private top-up cover subscribed abroad does not reduce the URSSAF call. Third, moving from one office to the other mid-life, for example converting a SARL into a SAS or shifting from majority g\u00e9rant to president, moves the founder from one scheme to the other with possible overlapping calls and pro-rata bases in the transition year; the conversion minutes should date the change of office precisely and the founder should keep both URSSAF accounts current until the1782 form of radiation from the self-employed register is confirmed. A final warning concerns the founder who takes no remuneration at all: zero pay does not always mean zero charges, because minimum TNS bases and the debate on the economic reality of management can still produce a call, a point our companion analysis of reassessments of unpaid directors examines in detail.<\/p>\n<h2>II. Salary or dividends: the full comparison for a founder who lives abroad<\/h2>\n<p>Once the office is fixed, the founder arbitrates between two channels that obey different company law, different social charges and different tax. Salary, in the broad sense of remuneration for the corporate office, is decided by the shareholders or under the articles, paid monthly, and deductible for the company. Dividends are voted once a year by the shareholders after approval of the accounts, only out of distributable sums, and never deductible. The corporate tax rate gives the first landmark: Article 219 of the CGI provides that &#8220;Le taux normal de l&#8217;imp\u00f4t est fix\u00e9 \u00e0 25 %&#8221; (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000053542939\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000053542939\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CGI, art. 219<\/a>). Every euro of deductible remuneration therefore saves up to 25 cents of corporate tax at the standard rate, while every euro of dividend is paid out of after-tax profit. That single sentence explains why young companies that need cash often prefer remuneration, while mature profitable companies with a founder who needs less monthly income mix the two. The comparison that follows examines each channel in turn, with the cross-border withholding tax that applies because the founder lives abroad.<\/p>\n<h3>A. Monthly remuneration: deductible for the company, charged by URSSAF, taxed as earnings with a withholding tax at the border<\/h3>\n<p>Remuneration of the SAS president or the SARL g\u00e9rant is set by the articles or by a shareholders&#8217; decision, and its tax treatment is fixed by Article 62 of the CGI: &#8220;Les traitements, remboursements forfaitaires de frais et toutes autres r\u00e9mun\u00e9rations sont soumis \u00e0 l&#8217;imp\u00f4t sur le revenu au nom de leurs b\u00e9n\u00e9ficiaires&#8221; (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000019288260\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000019288260\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CGI, art. 62<\/a>). The full article adds the condition that the sums be deductible from profits subject to corporate tax, which ties the founder&#8217;s personal taxation to the company&#8217;s deduction in a single movement. For the company, the remuneration plus the employer share of contributions reduces taxable profit immediately, month by month. For the founder, the sums are taxable as earnings, with the deduction of contributions and the standard rules on salaries applying to the taxable amount. The SAS president&#8217;s remuneration passes through payroll with general-scheme contributions; the SARL majority g\u00e9rant&#8217;s remuneration bears TNS contributions on the L131-6 base. In both cases the company withholds nothing for French income tax at payment when the founder is non-resident under the domestic payroll rules for residents; instead, the cross-border mechanism of Article 182 A of the CGI applies: &#8220;les traitements, salaires, pensions et rentes viag\u00e8res, de source fran\u00e7aise, servis \u00e0 des personnes qui ne sont pas fiscalement domicili\u00e9es en France donnent lieu \u00e0 l&#8217;application d&#8217;une retenue \u00e0 la source&#8221; (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054373628\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054373628\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CGI, art. 182 A<\/a>). That withholding tax, computed on the net sums paid under a specific scale with a minimum rate and annual regularisation through a non-resident return, sits on top of the social charges and must be budgeted from the first payslip. The applicable tax treaty may adjust the outcome, and the founder&#8217;s country of residence will usually tax the same earnings with a foreign tax credit, but the French withholding applies first and the company is liable for it as the paying agent.<\/p>\n<p>Three practical consequences follow for founders who manage from abroad. First, the level of remuneration should be decided with the company&#8217;s accountant before the year starts, because mid-year corrections disturb the DSN chain for a SAS president and the provisional TNS calls for a SARL g\u00e9rant, and because an excessive remuneration in a loss-making company attracts the attention of both URSSAF and the tax administration on the act abnormal de gestion (abnormal management act) doctrine. Second, the founder who performs no genuine duties and draws a comfortable pay while the company bleeds exposes the deduction to challenge and exposes the approval of the accounts to a minority action; the remuneration must correspond to real management work documented by minutes, travel records, signed contracts and hiring decisions. Third, the founder who alternates between countries should fix tax residence with precision under Article 4 B of the CGI and the applicable treaty tie-breaker, because residence decides whether the 182 A withholding or the standard progressive scale with decimal withholding (pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement \u00e0 la source) applies, and because a wrong assumption discovered during a control produces two years of reassessment plus surcharges. None of these points requires exotic planning. A written remuneration decision, a monthly payroll or drawings calendar, a DSN or TNS provisioning schedule, and a treaty check for the country of residence cover the large majority of situations and survive controls.<\/p>\n<h3>B. Annual dividends: voted out of distributable profits, taxed at a flat rate for residents and withheld for founders living abroad<\/h3>\n<p>Dividends obey company law first and tax second. Article L232-12 of the Commercial Code provides that &#8220;Apr\u00e8s approbation des comptes annuels et constatation de l&#8217;existence de sommes distribuables, l&#8217;assembl\u00e9e g\u00e9n\u00e9rale d\u00e9termine la part attribu\u00e9e aux associ\u00e9s sous forme de dividendes&#8221; (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006229031\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006229031\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">C. com., art. L232-12<\/a>). Three locks follow from that sentence. No dividend can be voted before the accounts are approved and the existence of distributable sums is recorded; interim dividends (acomptes) require a certified interim balance sheet and remain the exception. No dividend can exceed the distributable sums, defined as the profit of the year minus prior losses and legal or statutory reserves plus retained earnings carried forward; a distribution beyond that limit is a fictive dividend and exposes the directors to civil and criminal liability with an obligation to repay. And the decision belongs to the shareholders&#8217; meeting, published through the annual filing at the greffe and announced in the BODACC (Bulletin officiel des annonces civiles et commerciales, the official gazette where company life events are published) chain of filings, so a founder who simply transfers profits to a personal account without a vote holds undocumented drawings, not dividends. For a founder living abroad, the discipline is the same but the paper trail matters even more, because the foreign bank that receives the transfer will ask for the minutes and the 2561-equivalent dividend slip when the amounts grow.<\/p>\n<p>The tax treatment then splits according to the founder&#8217;s residence. When the founder remains fiscally domiciled in France, Article 200 A of the CGI states that &#8220;L&#8217;imp\u00f4t sur le revenu d\u00fb par les personnes physiques fiscalement domicili\u00e9es en France au sens de l&#8217;article 4 B \u00e0 raison des revenus, gains nets, profits, distributions, plus-values et cr\u00e9ances \u00e9num\u00e9r\u00e9s aux 1\u00b0 et 2\u00b0 du A du pr\u00e9sent 1 est \u00e9tabli par application du taux forfaitaire pr\u00e9vu au B du pr\u00e9sent 1 \u00e0 l&#8217;assiette imposable desdits revenus, gains nets, profits, distributions, plus-values et cr\u00e9ances&#8221; (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000053546896\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000053546896\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CGI, art. 200 A<\/a>). That flat rate is the PFU (pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement forfaitaire unique, the single flat-rate levy): 12.8 percent income tax plus 17.2 percent social levies, 30 percent in total, with an option for the progressive scale when the founder&#8217;s situation makes it more favourable. During the year, Article 117 quater of the CGI applies a down payment at source, since the persons concerned &#8220;sont assujetties \u00e0 un pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement au taux de 12,8 %&#8221; (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000036428175\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000036428175\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CGI, art. 117 quater<\/a>), a levy credited against the final tax, with a means-tested request for exemption available through the official impots.gouv.fr procedure (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.impots.gouv.fr\/particulier\/questions\/puis-je-beneficier-dune-dispense-du-prelevement-forfaitaire-non-liberatoire\">impots.gouv.fr: dispense du pr\u00e9l\u00e8vement non lib\u00e9ratoire<\/a>). When the founder lives abroad and has no French fiscal domicile, the mechanism changes completely. Article 119 bis of the CGI states that &#8220;Les revenus de capitaux mobiliers entrant dans les pr\u00e9visions des articles 118,119, 238 septies B et 1678 bis donnent lieu \u00e0 l&#8217;application d&#8217;une retenue \u00e0 la source dont le taux est fix\u00e9 par le 1 de l&#8217;article 187&#8221; (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000051218411\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000051218411\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CGI, art. 119 bis<\/a>), and Article 187 adds that &#8220;le taux de la retenue \u00e0 la source pr\u00e9vue \u00e0 l&#8217;article 119 bis est fix\u00e9 \u00e0&#8221; the statutory scale that follows (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000051218440\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000051218440\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CGI, art. 187<\/a>). In practice the company withholds at the statutory rate on the gross dividends paid to the non-resident founder, remits the withholding to the Treasury, and the applicable tax treaty may reduce the rate through the refund or reduced-rate procedure with residence certificates. Unlike remuneration, dividends bear no URSSAF contributions in a SAS or SARL held by the founder, which explains their attraction, but they are paid from after-tax profits and require the full annual ritual of accounts, audit where applicable, shareholders&#8217; meeting and filing.<\/p>\n<p>The remaining company-law risk on dividends concerns the minority shareholder and the systematic hoarding of profits. French courts sanction resolutions that place reserves first and the minority nowhere, year after year, without a genuine investment plan. The Court of Appeal of Poitiers, in its decision of 11 March 2025, docket number 24\/00333, recalled the controlling precedent under which systematically adding operating profits to equity, where that accumulation had no effect on the investment policy of the business, constitutes an abuse of majority (Cass. com., 1 July 2003, no. 99-19328, as cited in the Poitiers decision). For a foreign founder who controls the French company and also holds the minority, or who manages a subsidiary with local minority partners, the message is symmetrical. Refusing every distribution for years while increasing personal remuneration invites an action for annulment of the resolutions and damages; voting a reasoned dividend policy with documented investment needs protects the resolutions. The SAS offers a useful instrument here, since its articles can organise differentiated classes of shares, priority dividends or a distribution calendar, all within the L232-12 lock. The SARL is more rigid but can still record a multi-year distribution policy in the minutes. Either way, the founder living abroad should treat the dividend meeting as the annual board meeting of a real company: convene properly with notice periods, record the computation of distributable sums from the approved balance sheet, vote the dividend per share with payment date and withholding details, file the accounts at the greffe within the statutory month, and keep the Kbis updated where the meeting changes the registered details. That discipline turns the dividend from a vulnerability into the founder&#8217;s best-documented income.<\/p>\n<h2>Conclusion<\/h2>\n<p>A foreign founder living abroad is paid lawfully by combining the right office with the right channel. The SAS presidency places the founder in the general scheme by assimilation, with payroll, pay slips and DSN returns; the SARL majority management places the founder among the self-employed, with TNS contributions on the L131-6 base and no pay slip. Monthly remuneration is deductible against the 25 percent corporate tax rate but carries the heaviest social charges and, for non-residents, the 182 A withholding on French-source earnings. Annual dividends carry no social charges, require approved accounts and distributable sums under L232-12, and bear the flat-rate levy for residents or the 119 bis and 187 withholding for founders living abroad, subject to treaty relief. The companies that pass controls share the same habits: a written remuneration decision, monthly or quarterly provisioning for URSSAF, one genuine shareholders&#8217; meeting per year with a computed dividend, and filings at the greffe that match the bank transfers. Set that calendar in the first year and the French company becomes what it should be for a founder living abroad: a profitable vehicle that pays its founder on documented rails.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SAS president or SARL manager living abroad: payroll or self-employed charges, deductible salary with border withholding, dividends voted from profits with withholding, and the annual discipline that survives controls.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":251031309,"featured_media":16461,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kj_source_type":"","_kj_official_id":"","_kj_official_url":"","_kj_judilibre_id":"","_kj_jur":"","_kj_lieu":"","_kj_chambre":"","_kj_rg":"","_kj_date":"","activitypub_content_warning":"","activitypub_content_visibility":"","activitypub_max_image_attachments":4,"activitypub_interaction_policy_quote":"anyone","activitypub_status":"federated","footnotes":""},"categories":[80314,80313],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2144889","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-decryptage","category-doing-business-in-france"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.2 (Yoast SEO v28.2) - 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