{"id":2161335,"date":"2026-11-01T23:35:54","date_gmt":"2026-11-01T22:35:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/?page_id=2161335"},"modified":"2026-11-04T19:47:07","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T18:47:07","slug":"professional-athlete-lawyer-paris","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/professional-athlete-lawyer-paris\/","title":{"rendered":"Professional athlete lawyer in Paris: contract, transfer, image, injury"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2161335\" class=\"elementor elementor-2161335 elementor-2160715\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-v5bd59a e-con-full e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"v5bd59a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-v5bd59aw elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"v5bd59aw\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"kcv\" id=\"kci-root\" data-refresh-marker=\"expertise-fr-avocat-sportif-professionnel-paris-20261101\">\n<section class=\"kcv-hero\" aria-labelledby=\"kch-h1\">\n  <div class=\"kcv-in\">\n    <div class=\"kcv-head\">\n      <p class=\"kk\">Salaried players and coaches: signing, loan, image rights, injury, end of contract<\/p>\n      <h1 id=\"kch-h1\">Professional <em>athlete<\/em> lawyer in Paris:<span class=\"kcv-tail\"> contract, transfer, image, injury<\/span><\/h1>\n      <p class=\"kcv-sub\">A professional athlete lawyer in Paris reviews the fixed-term contract that the French Sports Code (Code du sport) imposes on a salaried athlete at a club, whose duration, form, approval and termination are subject to mandatory rules. The firm examines the contract, any amendments, loan or transfer agreements, image agreements and the medical situation before any signature or claim.<\/p>\n      <div class=\"kcv-btns\">\n        <a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-tel\" href=\"tel:+33646605822\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 16.9v3a2 2 0 0 1-2.2 2 19.8 19.8 0 0 1-8.6-3.1 19.5 19.5 0 0 1-6-6A19.8 19.8 0 0 1 2.1 4.2 2 2 0 0 1 4.1 2h3a2 2 0 0 1 2 1.7c.1.9.4 1.8.7 2.7a2 2 0 0 1-.5 2.1L8 9.8a16 16 0 0 0 6 6l1.3-1.3a2 2 0 0 1 2.1-.4c.9.3 1.8.6 2.7.7a2 2 0 0 1 1.7 2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Call the firm<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">06&nbsp;46&nbsp;60&nbsp;58&nbsp;22<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n        <a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-mail\" href=\"#kch-form\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"2.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"19\" height=\"15\" rx=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m3.5 6.5 8.5 6.5 8.5-6.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Send your documents<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">confidential form<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n      <\/div>\n      <p class=\"kcv-urg\">Before signing a termination agreement, a loan agreement or a waiver of salary, keep the approved contract, payslips, exchanges with the club and medical opinions: consent given too quickly is difficult to challenge.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcv-stagewrap\"><div class=\"kcv-stageshadow\"><div class=\"kcv-stage\">\n      <link rel=\"preload\" as=\"image\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-v3-expertises\/kohen-fr-squat-paysage-20261025.webp\" media=\"(min-width:761px)\" fetchpriority=\"high\">\n      <link rel=\"preload\" as=\"image\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-v3-expertises\/kohen-fr-squat-paysage-1080-20261025.webp\" media=\"(max-width:760px)\" fetchpriority=\"high\">\n      <div class=\"kcv-media\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"--kcv-img:url('https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-v3-expertises\/kohen-fr-squat-paysage-20261025.webp');--kcv-img-m:url('https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-v3-expertises\/kohen-fr-squat-paysage-1080-20261025.webp')\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"kcv-panel kcv-glass\" id=\"kch-form\">\n        <div class=\"kcv-panel-head\">\n          <div>\n            <p class=\"kcv-panel-k\">Professional athlete \u00b7 Paris<\/p>\n            <h2 class=\"kcv-panel-t\">Get a <em>first analysis<\/em><\/h2>\n            <p class=\"kcv-panel-l\">Send the contract and its amendments, the approval decision, payslips, letters from the club and, in case of injury, sick leave certificates: the firm checks the validity of the contract and your rights.<\/p>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"kcv-chip kcv-glass\"><p class=\"kcv-chip-n\">24 \u00e0 48 h<\/p><p class=\"kcv-chip-x\">first legal<br>review<\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"kcf-wrap\">\n<form id=\"kcf-2form\" data-kcf data-api-url=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-json\/kohen-form\/v1\/submit\" data-vps-url=\"https:\/\/upload-fr.46-224-152-225.sslip.io\/submit\" data-max-size=\"1073741824\" data-max-files=\"500\" novalidate enctype=\"multipart\/form-data\">\n  <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"rendered_at\" value=\"1776847557\">\n  <div class=\"kcf-hp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><label for=\"kcf-2website\">Do not fill in<\/label><input id=\"kcf-2website\" name=\"website\" type=\"text\" tabindex=\"-1\" autocomplete=\"off\"><\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcf-price\">\n    <span class=\"kcf-price-amount\">\u20ac80<small>incl. VAT<\/small><\/span>\n    <div class=\"kcf-price-body\">\n      <p class=\"kcf-price-text\"><strong>Preliminary review of your case.<\/strong> Examination of your documents and a first written analysis by Reda Kohen, within 24 to 48 business hours. Payment is made online after this form is sent.<\/p>\n      <ul class=\"kcf-price-meta\">\n        <li>Up to 1 GB of documents, folders and subfolders accepted<\/li>\n        <li>Secure payment, no banking data stored<\/li>\n        <li><a href=\"\/conditions-etude-prealable\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Terms and fee agreement<\/a><\/li>\n      <\/ul>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcf-row\">\n    <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n      <label class=\"kcf-label\" for=\"kcf-2name\">Full name<\/label>\n      <input class=\"kcf-input\" type=\"text\" id=\"kcf-2name\" name=\"name\" placeholder=\"Your name\" required autocomplete=\"name\" aria-describedby=\"kcf-2name-err\">\n      <p class=\"kcf-field-error\" id=\"kcf-2name-err\" role=\"alert\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n      <label class=\"kcf-label\" for=\"kcf-2phone\">Telephone <span class=\"kcf-optional\">(optional)<\/span><\/label>\n      <input class=\"kcf-input\" type=\"tel\" inputmode=\"tel\" id=\"kcf-2phone\" name=\"phone\" placeholder=\"06 00 00 00 00\" autocomplete=\"tel\" aria-describedby=\"kcf-2phone-err\">\n      <p class=\"kcf-field-error\" id=\"kcf-2phone-err\" role=\"alert\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n    <label class=\"kcf-label\" for=\"kcf-2email\">Email address<\/label>\n    <input class=\"kcf-input\" type=\"email\" id=\"kcf-2email\" name=\"email\" placeholder=\"your@email.com\" required autocomplete=\"email\" spellcheck=\"false\" autocapitalize=\"off\" aria-describedby=\"kcf-2email-err\">\n    <p class=\"kcf-field-error\" id=\"kcf-2email-err\" role=\"alert\"><\/p>\n  <\/div>\n  \n  <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n    <label class=\"kcf-label\" for=\"kcf-2message\">Message<\/label>\n    <textarea class=\"kcf-textarea\" id=\"kcf-2message\" name=\"message\" placeholder=\"Briefly describe your situation...\" required aria-describedby=\"kcf-2message-err\"><\/textarea>\n    <p class=\"kcf-field-error\" id=\"kcf-2message-err\" role=\"alert\"><\/p>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n    <label class=\"kcf-label\">Attachments <span class=\"kcf-optional\">(optional, 500 files max, 1 GB)<\/span><\/label>\n    <div class=\"kcf-dropzone\" id=\"kcf-2dropzone\">\n      <svg class=\"kcf-dropzone-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M21 15v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\/><polyline points=\"17 8 12 3 7 8\"\/><line x1=\"12\" y1=\"3\" x2=\"12\" y2=\"15\"\/><\/svg>\n      <p class=\"kcf-dropzone-text\"><strong>Click<\/strong> or drag your files here<br>All formats accepted (PDF, Word, images, etc.)<\/p>\n      <input type=\"file\" name=\"attachments\" id=\"kcf-2files\" multiple>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcf-file-list\" id=\"kcf-2filelist\"><\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcf-progress\" id=\"kcf-2progress\">\n      <div class=\"kcf-progress-bar\"><div class=\"kcf-progress-fill\" id=\"kcf-2progressfill\"><\/div><\/div>\n      <p class=\"kcf-progress-text\" id=\"kcf-2progresstext\">Sending...<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <button type=\"submit\" class=\"kcf-btn\">\n    <span class=\"kcf-spinner\"><\/span>\n    <span class=\"kcf-btn-text\">Pay \u20ac80 and send my case<\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"kcf-msg\" role=\"status\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><\/div>\n  <p class=\"kcf-note\">Payment constitutes a request for immediate performance of your analysis. 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p.knp__watchlink{margin:0 0 2px;padding:0;line-height:17px}.kcv-press.knp a.knp__videos{gap:5px;padding:0;border:0;border-radius:0;background:none;box-shadow:none;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:.02em;line-height:17px;transform:none}.kcv-press.knp a.knp__videos:hover{background:none;box-shadow:none;transform:none}.kcv-press.knp a.knp__videos:hover span{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}.kcv-press.knp a.knp__videos svg{width:13px;height:13px}.knp .knp__vc{display:none}@media (max-width:900px){.kcv-press.knp .knp__vl{display:none}.kcv-press.knp .knp__vc{display:inline}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.knp a.knp__videos{transition:none}.knp a.knp__videos:hover{transform:none}}<\/style><p class=\"knp__watchlink\"><a class=\"knp__videos\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/media\/\" aria-label=\"Watch the videos and their transcripts\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><circle cx=\"10\" cy=\"10\" r=\"9\" fill=\"#1F4FA8\"\/><path d=\"M8.3 6.4v7.2l5.6-3.6z\" fill=\"#fff\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"knp__vl\">Watch the videos and their transcripts<\/span><span class=\"knp__vc\">Videos<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n        <div class=\"knp__piste\"><ul class=\"knp__ruban\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"france-2\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"France 2: watch the report featuring Hassan Kohen\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/france-2.svg\" alt=\"France 2\" style=\"--h:30px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li>\n<li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"tf1\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"TF1: watch the news excerpt featuring Hassan Kohen\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/tf1.svg\" alt=\"TF1\" style=\"--h:36px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"france-tv\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"France T\u00e9l\u00e9visions: watch the excerpt featuring Reda Kohen\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/france-tv.svg\" alt=\"France T\u00e9l\u00e9visions\" style=\"--h:28px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"bfm\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"BFMTV: watch the excerpt featuring Reda Kohen\"><img class=\"skip-lazy knp--fixe\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/bfm.svg\" alt=\"BFMTV\" style=\"--h:30px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"le-point\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Le Point: see the 2 publications\"><img class=\"skip-lazy knp--fixe\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" 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\u00e0 la location ?\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.leboncoin.fr\/guide\/immobilier\/bouilloires-thermiques-bientot-interdites-a-la-location-hfpj70o6.html\",\"citation\":\"Le guide immobilier cite une analyse de kohenavocats.fr parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"Leboncoin\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"femme-actuelle\":{\"nom\":\"Femme Actuelle\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"S\u00e9paration ou divorce : quelle banque et quel cr\u00e9dit pour repartir sur de bonnes bases ?\",\"date\":\"2026-09-30\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.femmeactuelle.fr\/vie-pratique\/news-vie-pratique\/separation-ou-divorce-quelle-banque-et-quel-credit-pour-repartir-sur-de-bonnes-bases-2211980\",\"citation\":\"L'article cite une analyse de kohenavocats.com parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"Femme Actuelle\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"economie-matin\":{\"nom\":\"\u00c9conomie Matin\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Nouveau bail 2026 : ce que les propri\u00e9taires doivent anticiper d\u00e8s 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aria-controls=\"kcv-p1\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">The rules<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-p2\" aria-controls=\"kcv-p2\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">Your documents<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-p3\" aria-controls=\"kcv-p3\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">The method<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-p4\" aria-controls=\"kcv-p4\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">The timetable<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-p5\" aria-controls=\"kcv-p5\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">The checks<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-synthese\" aria-controls=\"kcv-synthese\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">Summary<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-faq\" aria-controls=\"kcv-faq\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">Questions<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-textes\" aria-controls=\"kcv-textes\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">Legal texts<\/button><\/div><\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcv-track\"><div class=\"kcv-slide kcv-on\" id=\"kcv-avocat\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-avocat\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<div class=\"kcv-pro\">\n  <figure class=\"kcv-pro-photo\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" src=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/kohen-footer\/portrait-reda-20260920-lignes-orange.jpg\" alt=\"Reda Kohen, lawyer at the Paris Bar\" width=\"1122\" height=\"1402\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\">\n    <figcaption class=\"kcv-pro-cap kcv-glass\"><span class=\"kcv-pro-capn\">Reda Kohen<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pro-capr\">Lawyer at the Paris Bar<\/span><\/figcaption>\n  <\/figure>\n  <div class=\"kcv-pro-body\">\n    <p class=\"kk\">Sports law \u00b7 Paris 17th<\/p>\n    <h2>What a <em>professional athlete lawyer<\/em> in Paris does<\/h2>\n    <ul class=\"kcv-pro-tags\"><li>Paris Bar<\/li><li>Sports law<\/li><li>Salaried player's contract<\/li><\/ul>\n    <p class=\"kcv-p\">Reda Kohen, lawyer (avocat) at the Paris Bar: contracts of professional athletes and coaches, loans and transfers, use of image rights and end-of-contract disputes.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-p\">A professional player is not an ordinary employee. The contract must be for a fixed term, its validity under sporting rules often depends on approval, and a career is played out in transfer windows set by the competition calendar.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-p\">The French Labour Code (Code du travail) continues to apply, except for certain fixed-term contract rules that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000034117194\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000034117194\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 222-2-1 of the Sports Code<\/a> expressly disapplies. The firm can act at signing, on a loan or transfer, in negotiating an image agreement, after an injury or when a termination is disputed.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-p\">Send what you have, even if incomplete: the firm will prioritise and complete the file with you. In an emergency, call <a href=\"tel:+33646605822\">06 46 60 58 22<\/a>.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-pro-meta\"><a href=\"https:\/\/consultation.avocat.fr\/avocat-paris\/reda-kohen-54670.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Official profile in the directory of French lawyers (CNB)<\/a><span>Firm at 11 rue Margueritte, 75017 Paris<\/span><\/p>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-cards\">\n  <div class=\"kcv-card\"><h3>A contract governed by statute<\/h3><p>In writing, with mandatory terms, a minimum and a maximum duration: a contract that disregards these rules is deemed to be of indefinite duration.<\/p><\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcv-card\"><h3>A strictly limited right to terminate<\/h3><p>Absent agreement between the parties, the club may terminate before the end of the term only for serious misconduct, force majeure or unfitness declared by the occupational physician.<\/p><\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcv-card\"><h3>An image that belongs to you<\/h3><p>A player's name, image and voice may be used only with the player's consent, within the limits set by the employment contract, the collective agreement and the image agreement.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p1\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">The rules<\/p>\n<h2>The professional player's contract: <em>mandatory rules<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">Four rules set the framework for any engagement between a club and a salaried athlete.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"kcv-conds\">\n  <li>Any contract by which a club secures, for remuneration, the services of a professional athlete or coach is a fixed-term contract (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537872\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537872\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 222-2-3 of the Sports Code<\/a>). The Court of Cassation holds that \"These mandatory provisions may not be derogated from either by a national collective agreement or by the rules of the sports federation or professional league\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/66728108f7ab5c00087309ed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. soc., 19 June 2024, No. 22-18.022<\/a>) (our translation).<\/li>\n  <li>The contract is in writing, in at least three copies, and states in particular the duration, the post, the remuneration and its components, and the applicable collective agreements (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537876\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537876\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 222-2-5 of the Sports Code<\/a>). A contract concluded in breach of these substantive and formal rules is deemed to be of indefinite duration (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537882\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537882\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 222-2-8 of the Sports Code<\/a>).<\/li>\n  <li>The duration may not be shorter than one sporting season of twelve months, except for a contract concluded during the season in the only cases listed by law, nor longer than five years (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616167\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616167\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 222-2-4 of the Sports Code<\/a>, as worded since 5 August 2026). Clauses allowing purely unilateral termination are null and void (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537880\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537880\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 222-2-7 of the Sports Code<\/a>).<\/li>\n  <li>Absent agreement between the parties, the contract may be terminated before its term only for serious misconduct, force majeure or unfitness declared by the occupational physician (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000029946319\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000029946319\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 1243-1 of the Labour Code<\/a>). Termination by the employer outside these cases gives rise to damages at least equal to the remuneration due until the end of the term (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000024026880\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000024026880\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 1243-4 of the Labour Code<\/a>). The player may also terminate before the term on proof of being hired on an indefinite-term contract, giving, unless otherwise agreed, notice of no more than two weeks (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031087476\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031087476\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 1243-2 of the Labour Code<\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"kcv-callout\"><span class=\"kcv-callout-i\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M9.6 6C6.5 7.4 4.5 10 4.5 13.4V18h6v-6H7.6c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L9.6 6zm9 0c-3.1 1.4-5.1 4-5.1 7.4V18h6v-6h-2.9c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L18.6 6z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><p>A discipline's charter or collective agreement supplements these rules but cannot circumvent them to the player's detriment: each clause is read first against the Sports Code and the Labour Code.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p2\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">Your documents<\/p>\n<h2>What to send, <em>depending on your situation<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">The signed contract, its approved version and the chronology of exchanges make it possible to assess your rights.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-duel\">\n  <div class=\"kcv-opt kcv-opt-a\"><p class=\"kcv-opt-k\">Situation A<\/p><p class=\"kcv-opt-t\">You are signing, being loaned or transferred<\/p><ul><li>Draft contract, job promise or club offer, with annexes and bonuses provided for<\/li><li>Loan or transfer agreement, agreement between clubs and contract with the sports agent<\/li><li>League or federation rules on approval and transfer periods<\/li><li>Draft image or partnership agreement with an equipment supplier or sponsor<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcv-or\" aria-hidden=\"true\">or<\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcv-opt kcv-opt-b\"><p class=\"kcv-opt-k\">Situation B<\/p><p class=\"kcv-opt-t\">You are injured or the club wants to terminate<\/p><ul><li>Approved contract, amendments, payslips and statements of bonuses paid<\/li><li>Work accident declaration, sick leave certificates, opinions of the occupational physician and the club doctor<\/li><li>Termination letter, summons, proposal for a pay cut or for a termination amendment<\/li><li>Messages showing exclusion from the squad, separate training or late payment of salary<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-callout\"><span class=\"kcv-callout-i\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M9.6 6C6.5 7.4 4.5 10 4.5 13.4V18h6v-6H7.6c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L9.6 6zm9 0c-3.1 1.4-5.1 4-5.1 7.4V18h6v-6h-2.9c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L18.6 6z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><p>Do not sign an amicable termination amendment or a waiver of bonuses under the pressure of the end of a transfer window: first have someone check what you are giving up.<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"kcv-p\">The firm also handles:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"kcv-pro-tags\"><li>Sports law<\/li><li>Sports agent<\/li><li>Commercial contracts<\/li><li>Unfair competition and parasitic conduct<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p3\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">The method<\/p>\n<h2>How the firm <em>supports you<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">Review the contract, identify the nature of the dispute and choose the right forum.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-rows\">\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Step 1<\/p><h3>Review of the contract and the rules<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\">The firm reads together the contract, its amendments, the discipline's collective agreement and the rules of the league or federation, distinguishing what comes from statute from what comes from sporting rules.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Step 2<\/p><h3>Characterising the situation<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\">Signing, loan, transfer, use of image rights, injury or termination: each situation calls for its own legal provisions, its own evidence and sometimes a prior sporting body.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Step 3<\/p><h3>Negotiation with the club or partner<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\">A written, documented claim sets out the sums at stake, the breaches alleged and the solution sought, before any proceedings are brought.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Step 4<\/p><h3>Referral to the competent body<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\">Depending on the dispute, the firm prepares the referral to the employment tribunal (conseil de prud'hommes) for the employment contract, to the judicial court (tribunal judiciaire) for image rights or an injury caused by a third party, or to the conciliation service of the French National Olympic and Sports Committee against a federation decision.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-callout\"><span class=\"kcv-callout-i\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M9.6 6C6.5 7.4 4.5 10 4.5 13.4V18h6v-6H7.6c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L9.6 6zm9 0c-3.1 1.4-5.1 4-5.1 7.4V18h6v-6h-2.9c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L18.6 6z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><p>The sporting calendar does not suspend procedural time limits: a transfer window that closes or a season that ends can make a solution impossible if the analysis comes too late.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p4\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">The timetable<\/p>\n<h2>The life of a <em>professional player's<\/em> contract<\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">From the club's offer to the end of the season or termination.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"kcv-hs\"><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Offer and promise<\/p><p><strong>Before signing.<\/strong> Re-read the buy-out, bonus and conditions precedent clauses; a promise may already bind both parties.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Signing and approval<\/p><p>Check the mandatory terms, the duration and the filing of the contract with the competent league or federation.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Loan or transfer<\/p><p>A temporary placement at another club must comply with the Sports Code, the collective agreement and the discipline's rules.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Use of image rights<\/p><p>Define in writing the media, duration, territory and remuneration for each commercial use of your name and image.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Injury<\/p><p>Declare the accident, follow the care protocol and keep the medical opinions that describe the actual length of the leave.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">End of term or termination<\/p><p>Any termination before the term must rest on a legal ground; failing that, the remuneration still due becomes the basis for compensation.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p5\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">The checks<\/p>\n<h2>What the firm checks <em>before acting<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">A player's dispute is often won on a date, a signature or a medical opinion.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-split\">\n  <ul class=\"kcv-check\"><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Characterisation of the contract: salaried professional athlete within the meaning of the Sports Code, in writing, mandatory terms, duration and applicable collective agreement.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Approval: competent body, filing date, grounds for any refusal and effects provided for by the collective agreement.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Ground for termination: written agreement, alleged serious misconduct, force majeure or unfitness declared by the occupational physician.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Medical situation: work accident declaration, length of leave, return-to-work opinion and follow-up of the care protocol.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Related contracts: loan, transfer, image rights, partnership and agent's mandate, each read against its own conditions of validity.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n  <aside class=\"kcv-act\">\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-k\">Case documents<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-t\">Send what you have, even if incomplete<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-p\">Submit your documents through the confidential form at the top of the page: the firm will prioritise and complete the file with you.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"kcv-act-b\"><a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-mail\" href=\"#kch-form\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"2.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"19\" height=\"15\" rx=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m3.5 6.5 8.5 6.5 8.5-6.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Send your documents<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">confidential form<\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-tel\" href=\"tel:+33646605822\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 16.9v3a2 2 0 0 1-2.2 2 19.8 19.8 0 0 1-8.6-3.1 19.5 19.5 0 0 1-6-6A19.8 19.8 0 0 1 2.1 4.2 2 2 0 0 1 4.1 2h3a2 2 0 0 1 2 1.7c.1.9.4 1.8.7 2.7a2 2 0 0 1-.5 2.1L8 9.8a16 16 0 0 0 6 6l1.3-1.3a2 2 0 0 1 2.1-.4c.9.3 1.8.6 2.7.7a2 2 0 0 1 1.7 2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Call the firm<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">06&nbsp;46&nbsp;60&nbsp;58&nbsp;22<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n  <\/aside>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-synthese\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-synthese\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">Summary<\/p>\n<h2>Situation, evidence, <em>response<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">Frequent scenarios help set the priority of the file.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-rows\">\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>The club wants to terminate after relegation<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Contract, letter proposing the pay cut, the player's written refusal and notice of the end of the contract.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> Sign no amendment before analysis; the next season starts quickly.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful action:<\/strong> Challenge a termination that rests on no legal ground and quantify the salary still due.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>Unpaid salaries<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Payslips, bank statements, formal notices left unanswered.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> Send the club a formal notice from the first significant delay.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful action:<\/strong> Early termination justified by the club's serious misconduct, or an action for payment depending on the situation.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>Contract not approved<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Signed contract, filing with the league, refusal decision and applicable rules.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> The effects of a refusal are discussed before the season resumes.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful action:<\/strong> Check whether approval is a condition of the contract's existence or only of sporting eligibility.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>Loan imposed or inadequately regulated<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Loan agreement, amendments, payslips from the host club and any side letters.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> To be checked before the transfer window closes.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful action:<\/strong> Require a document that complies with the Sports Code and challenge a termination that disguises a prohibited loan.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>Image used without consent<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Dated screenshots, media, employment contract, image amendment and the discipline's collective agreement.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> Preserve the evidence before the media are taken down.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful action:<\/strong> Formal notice, removal and compensation for non-material harm, and for financial loss if justified.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>Injury and end of contract<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Work accident declaration, sick leave certificates, return-to-work opinion, non-renewal letter.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> The end date of the sick leave is decisive.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful action:<\/strong> If the contract contains a renewal clause, challenge a refusal decided during the suspension without a genuine and serious reason unrelated to the accident, or an irregular termination for unfitness.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-faq\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-faq\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">Frequently asked questions<\/p>\n<h2>Your questions: <em>professional athletes<\/em><\/h2>\n<div class=\"kcv-faqgrid\">\n  <aside class=\"kcv-act kcv-act-sticky\">\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-k\">14 questions<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-t\">A situation not listed here?<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-p\">Every case has its own features. The firm reads your documents before answering you.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"kcv-act-b\"><a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-tel\" href=\"tel:+33646605822\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 16.9v3a2 2 0 0 1-2.2 2 19.8 19.8 0 0 1-8.6-3.1 19.5 19.5 0 0 1-6-6A19.8 19.8 0 0 1 2.1 4.2 2 2 0 0 1 4.1 2h3a2 2 0 0 1 2 1.7c.1.9.4 1.8.7 2.7a2 2 0 0 1-.5 2.1L8 9.8a16 16 0 0 0 6 6l1.3-1.3a2 2 0 0 1 2.1-.4c.9.3 1.8.6 2.7.7a2 2 0 0 1 1.7 2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Call the firm<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">06&nbsp;46&nbsp;60&nbsp;58&nbsp;22<\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-mail\" href=\"#kch-form\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"2.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"19\" height=\"15\" rx=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m3.5 6.5 8.5 6.5 8.5-6.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Send your documents<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">confidential form<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n  <\/aside>\n  <div class=\"kcv-faq\"><details><summary>What contract must a club offer a professional athlete?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>A salaried professional athlete is defined by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031548967\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031548967\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 222-2 of the Sports Code<\/a> as a person who engages, for remuneration, in a sporting activity in a relationship of subordination with a sports association or company. For such a person, the law imposes a single form: any contract by which the club secures the athlete's services for remuneration is a fixed-term contract (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537872\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537872\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 222-2-3 of the Sports Code<\/a>). The contract must be in writing, drawn up in at least three copies, refer to Articles L. 222-2 to L. 222-2-8 and state in particular the identity and address of the parties, the date of hiring, the duration, the player's post and activities, the remuneration with its bonuses and additional items, the pension and provident funds, the supplementary health insurer and the applicable collective agreements; the employer gives it to the player no later than two working days after hiring (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537876\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537876\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 222-2-5 of the Sports Code<\/a>).<\/p><p>These requirements are not mere formalities. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537882\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537882\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 222-2-8 of the Sports Code<\/a> deems a contract concluded in breach of these rules to be of indefinite duration. In a judgment of 19 June 2024, the Court of Cassation approved a court of appeal that had applied this sanction to a rugby player temporarily engaged by another club without a written contract, and held that \"These mandatory provisions may not be derogated from either by a national collective agreement or by the rules of the sports federation or professional league\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/66728108f7ab5c00087309ed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. soc., 19 June 2024, No. 22-18.022<\/a>) (our translation). The firm therefore checks the signed document, its annexes and their consistency with the remuneration actually paid.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>How long can a professional player's contract last?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616167\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616167\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 222-2-4 of the Sports Code<\/a>, as worded since 5 August 2026, sets a minimum duration equal to one sporting season of twelve months. Only a contract concluded during the season may last less than twelve months, on the terms set by a national collective agreement or, failing that, by the rules of the federation or league, and in three cases: if it runs at least until the end of the season, if it replaces an absent athlete or one whose contract is suspended, or if it replaces an athlete placed at the disposal of the federation as a member of a French national team. The season dates are set by those rules.<\/p><p>The maximum duration is five years, subject to the specific regime for players trained at a training centre. For them, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616511\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616511\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 211-5 of the Sports Code<\/a> allows the training agreement to require the player, if the player intends to play professionally, to sign with the training club a first contract of no more than three years. This may be extended to five years where a discipline-wide collective agreement so provides and on conditions set by decree, the existence of which must be checked for each sport. Finally, the text states that the maximum duration excludes neither renewal of the contract nor the conclusion of a new contract with the same employer. Before any extension, the firm checks the reference season, the actual end date and the conditions set by the collective agreement.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>What is a contract worth if the league or federation has not approved it?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616177\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616177\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 222-2-6 of the Sports Code<\/a>, as worded since 5 August 2026, allows the rules of the federation or league to provide for an approval procedure and to set its sporting consequences. The conditions in which the lack of approval may prevent the contract from taking effect are a matter for a national collective agreement. The answer therefore depends on the discipline, the championship and the text applicable on the date the contract takes effect.<\/p><p>In a judgment of 15 January 2025, the Court of Cassation quashed a decision of a court of appeal that had held a rugby player's contract non-existent for lack of approval by the league, even though the club was playing in F\u00e9d\u00e9rale 1 on the effective date. It noted that, under the status applicable to that division, federation approval \"is not a precondition for the existence of an employment contract between a player and a club\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/678787c7012a55caa6d16719\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. soc., 15 January 2025, No. 23-13.980<\/a>) (our translation). Conversely, a refusal of approval may deprive of effect a set of contracts built to circumvent the sporting rules: on 8 October 2025, the Social Chamber held that \"Review of the attributability of the termination of the employment contract is not within the scope of the checks carried out by the professional league\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68e5fac4a28a47f8aa016399\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. soc., 8 October 2025, No. 24-16.307<\/a>) (our translation). Approval settles sporting eligibility; on its own it does not decide the question of the employee's rights.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Can the club terminate my contract before its term?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>Only in the cases provided by law. Under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000029946319\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000029946319\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 1243-1 of the Labour Code<\/a>, unless the parties agree, a fixed-term contract may be terminated before its expiry only for serious misconduct, force majeure or unfitness declared by the occupational physician. This rule applies to professional athletes, and a clause giving the club a purely unilateral right of termination would be null and void (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537880\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537880\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 222-2-7 of the Sports Code<\/a>).<\/p><p>Sporting relegation does not create an additional ground. On 29 November 2023, the Court of Cassation dismissed the appeal of a club that, after dropping to a lower division, had proposed that the player take a 50% pay cut and then notified the end of the contract after the player refused. It approved the judges for holding that the termination, \"which resulted neither from the mutual consent of the parties nor from the employee's serious misconduct nor from force majeure nor from a medically established unfitness, was unlawful\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6566e2eb18106f8318ba9e90\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. soc., 29 November 2023, No. 21-19.282<\/a>) (our translation). It also recalls that \"Unless the law provides otherwise, a collective agreement cannot allow an employer to modify the employment contract without obtaining the employee's express agreement\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6566e2eb18106f8318ba9e90\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. soc., 29 November 2023, No. 21-19.282<\/a>) (our translation). Unlawful termination gives rise to damages at least equal to the remuneration due until the end of the term (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000024026880\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000024026880\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 1243-4 of the Labour Code<\/a>).<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>My club has stopped paying me: can I terminate the contract and sign elsewhere?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>The player may also terminate before the term where the club commits serious misconduct, which is the case where the breaches make it impossible to continue the contract. On 3 June 2020, the Court of Cassation dismissed the appeal of a volleyball club: the player, who had brought the matter before the employment tribunal (conseil de prud'hommes) before signing with another club, had not resigned, because \"this commitment could not be regarded as the employee's clear and unequivocal intention to terminate the employment contract\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/5fca573fa870131f5655d94f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. soc., 3 June 2020, No. 18-13.628<\/a>) (our translation). The early termination was held to be justified by the employer's serious misconduct, whether or not it was characterised as a termination by the employee on grounds of the employer's breaches (prise d'acte).<\/p><p>The Reims court of appeal applied this reasoning to a footballer left without pay and without a pre-season, despite two formal notices, at a club excluded from the national championships. It held the termination attributable to the club and recalled that the compensation under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000024026880\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000024026880\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 1243-4 of the Labour Code<\/a> is a minimum, \"which may not be reduced in any way, even if the employee found another job immediately after the termination\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6929660eb3dd52896a720e7f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CA Reims, social chamber, 27 November 2025, No. 25\/00005<\/a>) (our translation). Before leaving, the player should therefore keep proof of the late payments, send a written formal notice and check the transfer rules of the discipline, since the characterisation of the termination determines the compensation.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Does a professional athlete receive end-of-contract compensation?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>No. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000034117194\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000034117194\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 222-2-1 of the Sports Code<\/a> makes the Labour Code applicable to the salaried professional athlete, but disapplies several articles on fixed-term contracts, including the one providing for end-of-contract compensation. The Court of Cassation drew that consequence in a judgment of 10 December 2025: \"a salaried professional athlete cannot claim end-of-contract compensation\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/693927d4c988783351cb6972\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. soc., 10 December 2025, No. 24-16.829<\/a>) (our translation). It quashed, without remittal, the urgent-application order (ordonnance de r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9) of an employment tribunal that had awarded this compensation to a player. The decision is unfavourable to the athlete and settles the question on the merits.<\/p><p>This exclusion does not deprive the player of other protections. If the club terminates the contract early outside the cases allowed by law, the minimum compensation under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000024026880\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000024026880\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 1243-4 of the Labour Code<\/a> still applies, since that article is not on the list of disapplied provisions. The contract may also provide for end-of-season, retention or results bonuses, which are due on their own terms. The firm therefore checks what the contract, the collective agreement and any amendments actually provide before quantifying a claim, rather than reasoning by reference to the job-insecurity allowance (indemnit\u00e9 de pr\u00e9carit\u00e9) of ordinary employment law.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Does a loan to another club change my rights?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>A loan, or temporary transfer, is governed by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616181\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616181\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 222-3 of the Sports Code<\/a>, as worded since 5 August 2026, which lifts the prohibition on for-profit supply of labour where the terms of the operation are set by a national collective agreement or, failing that, by the rules of the federation or league. The player does not thereby lose the safeguards of the Sports Code. The Court of Cassation holds that \"An agreement by which a club's player is temporarily engaged and paid by another club constitutes an employment contract\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/66728108f7ab5c00087309ed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. soc., 19 June 2024, No. 22-18.022<\/a>) (our translation), subject to the substantive and formal rules on fixed-term contracts for athletes.<\/p><p>Form must not be used to disguise a prohibited loan either. In the judgment of 8 October 2025, amicable termination protocols accompanied by a side letter providing for the player's re-hiring were intended to circumvent the prohibition on temporary transfers; the court of appeal held the termination wrongful and the Court of Cassation dismissed the club's appeal (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68e5fac4a28a47f8aa016399\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. soc., 8 October 2025, No. 24-16.307<\/a>). Before accepting a loan, the player should therefore obtain a document setting out the host club, the duration, the remuneration, who bears the bonuses and the conditions of return, and check that the termination of the original contract is not the instrument of a scheme.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Does a job promise or a transfer agreement already bind the player?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>Yes, depending on its terms. On 22 October 2025, the Court of Cassation examined a job promise between a rugby club and a player, which provided for a sum of \u20ac20,000 payable by the party that did not ratify the professional contract during the transfer period. The party relying on the nullity of this stipulation argued that it was a unilateral termination clause prohibited by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537880\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537880\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 222-2-7 of the Sports Code<\/a>. The Court approved the court of appeal for holding that these stipulations \"were to be analysed as a penalty clause in the event of wrongful breaking off of negotiations\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/68f870d70274fc2d1f4a1309\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. soc., 22 October 2025, No. 24-11.471<\/a>) (our translation), and dismissed the appeal. The decision is unfavourable to the party who thought they could withdraw without consequence.<\/p><p>A document signed before the final contract can therefore have financial effects. Where the transfer involves a sports agent, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616279\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616279\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 222-17 of the Sports Code<\/a>, as worded since 5 August 2026, requires a written contract with one of the parties, for a term of no more than three years, and caps the agent's remuneration at 10% of the amount of the contract concluded. The firm reviews the offer, the promise, the agreement between clubs and the agent's mandate before signing, to assess what already binds the player and on what terms the player might withdraw.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Can my club or a brand use my image without my consent?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>No. On the basis of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006419288\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006419288\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article 9 of the French Civil Code (Code civil)<\/a>, everyone may object to the use of their image and name. The Paris judicial court (tribunal judiciaire) recalls that in this area \"the claimant must prove that the defendant company used their image without authorisation\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/664e37e9c40277ce22a29613\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TJ Paris, 17th ch., 15 May 2024, No. 22\/07207<\/a>) (our translation), the user then having to show a valid authorisation. In that case, the publisher of sticker albums did not establish the chain of rights over a footballer's image and was ordered to compensate his non-material harm; the claim for financial loss, however, was rejected for lack of explanation of the specific value of this use.<\/p><p>The contractual chain matters as much as the principle. The employment contract, the image amendment and the discipline's collective agreement may authorise the club to use the players' collective image, without depriving each player of the use of their personal image. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616533\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616533\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 222-2-10-1 of the Sports Code<\/a>, as worded since 5 August 2026, also allows the club to conclude with the player a separate contract for the commercial use of the player's image, name or voice, remunerated by a royalty linked to revenue. On pain of nullity, this contract must specify the scope of the use, the calculation and cap of the royalty, and the minimum remuneration under the employment contract from which it may be concluded, set by the discipline's national collective agreement. The firm checks each authorisation before acting.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Can an image royalty or sponsor payment be reclassified as salary?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>The risk exists in both cases. For the royalty paid by the club, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616533\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616533\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 222-2-10-1 of the Sports Code<\/a>, as worded since 5 August 2026, excludes characterisation as salary only if two conditions are met: the player's physical presence is not required for the use, and the royalty depends on the revenue generated by that use and not on the salary. The contract must also be sent without delay to the discipline's supervisory body. The text refers to a decree and to collective agreements for each discipline for the revenue concerned and the caps; their content must be checked for each sport.<\/p><p>For a partnership with an equipment supplier, the Second Civil Chamber held on 12 May 2021 that \"the direct presentation of a product to the public by an athlete at various events and in particular sports exhibitions, with or without competition, falls within the scope of the presumption\" of employment attached to modelling activity (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/609b6f8bb58b513522af1e70\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. 2e civ., 12 May 2021, No. 19-24.610<\/a>) (our translation). It quashed the judgment that had annulled the URSSAF (social security contributions agency) adjustment against the brand. A sponsorship contract remunerating the wearing of equipment can therefore give rise to social security contributions. The firm examines the wording of the athlete's obligations, the way the sums are calculated and the allocation of charges before signing.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Injured in training or in a match, what are my rights against the club?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>An injury occurring by reason of or in the course of work is a work accident within the meaning of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000047452603\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000047452603\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 411-1 of the Social Security Code<\/a>. It suspends the contract during the leave and limits the grounds for termination. It also creates obligations for the player. On 20 February 2019, the Court of Cassation dismissed the appeal of a basketball player dismissed for serious misconduct during sick leave, approving the finding that \"the specific nature of the profession of professional athlete required the employee, in case of injury, to undergo the care necessary to restore physical capacity\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/5fca7755d5fc3e64e13cebcc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. soc., 20 February 2019, No. 17-18.912<\/a>) (our translation). Failing to follow the prescribed physiotherapy protocol was held to be disloyal. The decision is unfavourable to the player.<\/p><p>Renewal of the contract is protected during the suspension, but within precise limits. Where the contract contains a renewal clause, the employer \"may refuse renewal during periods of suspension only if it shows a genuine and serious reason unrelated to the accident or illness\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/695e10d975782d5f060d2202\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. soc., 7 January 2026, No. 24-18.713<\/a>) (our translation). In that judgment of 7 January 2026, however, the Court quashed the decision favourable to the player: the sick leave had ended before the clause was terminated and, since no return-to-work examination is mandatory after an absence of less than thirty days, the contract was no longer suspended despite the persistence of symptoms. This outcome, unfavourable to the player, turns on the chronology of the case; the end of the leave and the return-to-work examination regime must therefore be checked in each case.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>What happens if the occupational physician declares me unfit?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>Unfitness declared by the occupational physician is one of the grounds for early termination provided by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000029946319\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000029946319\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 1243-1 of the Labour Code<\/a>. Where it follows a work accident, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000033024877\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000033024877\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 1226-20 of the Labour Code<\/a> requires the employer to seek a suitable redeployment before terminating, unless a medical opinion expressly rules out any retention in the post or any redeployment. The termination gives rise to compensation of at least double the statutory dismissal indemnity.<\/p><p>The opinion of the club doctor does not replace that of the occupational physician. The chronology is therefore decisive: date of the accident, length of leave, return-to-work examination, unfitness opinion, job offers and termination letter. The collective agreement may add steps specific to the discipline, but their scope varies according to the ground for termination. The firm checks that the procedure followed matches the ground relied on, that the redeployment searches are genuine and that the compensation paid meets the statutory minimum. A player whose club relies on both misconduct and unfitness should have the exact basis clarified, since the two regimes cannot be combined.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>An opponent seriously injured me: can I obtain compensation?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>Yes, if the injury results from a fault characterised by a breach of the rules of the game, and not from the normal risk of the competition alone. On the basis of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032041571\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032041571\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article 1240 of the Civil Code<\/a>, the Aix-en-Provence court of appeal recalled that the principle according to which \"breach of the rules of the game is left to the assessment of the referee responsible for ensuring their application, does not have the effect of depriving the civil court\" of its power to assess fault (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6973ab45cdc6046d4771ae3d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CA Aix-en-Provence, ch. 1-6, 22 January 2026, No. 24\/01275<\/a>) (our translation). It found an act of brutality committed without playing the ball, established by witness statements and the whistled foul, and ordered the insurer to compensate the injured player, including for the impact on his career.<\/p><p>The regime is not the same for property damage: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032043015\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032043015\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 321-3-1 of the Sports Code<\/a> disapplies only liability for things in one's custody, within the meaning of the first paragraph of Article 1242 of the Civil Code, for property damage caused to another participant during a sporting event or training for it, in a place reserved for that activity; it does not cover personal fault. Insurance must also be checked: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000045293904\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000045293904\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 321-4 of the Sports Code<\/a> requires clubs and federations to inform their members of the benefit of personal accident insurance covering bodily injury. The firm gathers the match sheet, the referee's report, videos, witness statements and medical documents before quantifying the loss.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Left out of the professional squad without explanation, what remedies are there?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>Selection falls within the coach's managerial authority, but a lasting exclusion, without sporting reason and accompanied by other conduct, may amount to psychological harassment (harc\u00e8lement moral). The Paris court of appeal so held on 1 March 2023 for a forward at a major Paris club. It first found no abuse in his non-selection for matches, which was justified by sporting reasons, and rejected the bonuses claimed on that basis. It did, however, find against the club for his removal from a preparation camp, his relegation to the reserve team until the matter was referred to the league's legal commission, and an unjustified deduction from his salary, all intended to encourage him to leave: \"These facts constitute psychological harassment within the meaning of the aforementioned provisions\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6400506a4e741a05de652bc5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CA Paris, p\u00f4le 6 ch. 3, 1 March 2023, No. 20\/01161<\/a>) (our translation). The player claimed only one euro on this ground, which the court awarded; most of the sums related to back pay and a contractual bonus.<\/p><p>The player should document call-ups, squad lists, schedules and written exchanges. A dispute with the club over performance of the employment contract falls to the employment tribunal (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006901457\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006901457\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 1411-1 of the Labour Code<\/a>). The Social Chamber has held that a footballer's challenge to the termination was not subject to a prior conciliation before the legal commission of the professional football league (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6566e2eb18106f8318ba9e90\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. soc., 29 November 2023, No. 21-19.282<\/a>). Conciliation by the French National Olympic and Sports Committee under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000022326730\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000022326730\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 141-4 of the Sports Code<\/a> is a mandatory preliminary step only against a federation decision taken under public-authority prerogatives or under the statutes (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006547888\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006547888\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article R. 141-5 of the Sports Code<\/a>). Any commission provided for by agreement should be checked before acting.<\/p><\/div><\/details><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-textes\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-textes\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">Sources and related pages<\/p>\n<h2>Official texts and <em>related pages<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">The sources for this page and the firm's related areas of practice.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-arts\"><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537872\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537872\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 222-2-3 of the Sports Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">mandatory fixed-term contract for professional athletes<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616167\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616167\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 222-2-4 of the Sports Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">minimum and maximum duration of the contract (version of 5 August 2026)<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537876\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537876\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 222-2-5 of the Sports Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">written form and mandatory terms<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616177\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616177\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 222-2-6 of the Sports Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">approval of the contract (version of 5 August 2026)<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537882\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031537882\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 222-2-8 of the Sports Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">reclassification as an indefinite-term contract<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616533\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616533\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 222-2-10-1 of the Sports Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">contract for the commercial use of image, name or voice<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616181\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054616181\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 222-3 of the Sports Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">placement at another club and temporary transfer<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000029946319\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000029946319\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 1243-1 of the Labour Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">grounds for early termination of a fixed-term contract<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000024026880\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000024026880\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 1243-4 of the Labour Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">damages for early termination by the employer<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000033024877\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000033024877\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 1226-20 of the Labour Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">work-related unfitness of an employee on a fixed-term contract<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031087476\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031087476\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 1243-2 of the Labour Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">early termination by an employee who proves a hire on an indefinite-term contract<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"kcv-center\">Further reading<\/h3>\n<div class=\"kcv-pgs\"><a class=\"kcv-pg\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/sports-law-lawyer-paris\/\"><span class=\"kcv-pg-t\">Sports law<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pg-s\">Practice area of the firm<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-pg\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/sports-agent-lawyer-paris\/\"><span class=\"kcv-pg-t\">Sports agent<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pg-s\">Practice area of the firm<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-pg\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/business-law-attorneys-paris-75017\/commercial-contracts-lawyer\/\"><span class=\"kcv-pg-t\">Commercial contracts and partnerships<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pg-s\">Practice area of the firm<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-pg\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/business-law-attorneys-paris-75017\/unfair-competition-lawyer\/\"><span class=\"kcv-pg-t\">Unfair competition and parasitic conduct<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pg-s\">Practice area of the firm<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<p class=\"kcv-small kcv-center\">Page updated on 1 November 2026.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"kcv-cta\">\n  <div class=\"kcv-in\">\n    <div class=\"kcv-cta-card\">\n      <h2>A contract to sign or a dispute with your club? <em>Take stock today<\/em>.<\/h2>\n      <p>Send the contract, its amendments and the exchanges with the club: the firm checks the validity of the commitment, the grounds for termination relied on and the sums at stake.<\/p>\n      <div class=\"kcv-btns\">\n        <a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-tel\" href=\"tel:+33646605822\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 16.9v3a2 2 0 0 1-2.2 2 19.8 19.8 0 0 1-8.6-3.1 19.5 19.5 0 0 1-6-6A19.8 19.8 0 0 1 2.1 4.2 2 2 0 0 1 4.1 2h3a2 2 0 0 1 2 1.7c.1.9.4 1.8.7 2.7a2 2 0 0 1-.5 2.1L8 9.8a16 16 0 0 0 6 6l1.3-1.3a2 2 0 0 1 2.1-.4c.9.3 1.8.6 2.7.7a2 2 0 0 1 1.7 2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Call the firm<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">06&nbsp;46&nbsp;60&nbsp;58&nbsp;22<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n        <a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-mail\" href=\"#kch-form\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"2.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"19\" height=\"15\" rx=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m3.5 6.5 8.5 6.5 8.5-6.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Send your documents<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">confidential form<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"kcv-news-band\"><h2>The latest <em>news.<\/em><\/h2><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What contract must a club offer a professional athlete?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"A salaried professional athlete is defined by Article L. 222-2 of the Sports Code as a person who engages, for remuneration, in a sporting activity in a relationship of subordination with a sports association or company. For such a person, the law imposes a single form: any contract by which the club secures the athlete's services for remuneration is a fixed-term contract (Article L. 222-2-3 of the Sports Code). The contract must be in writing, drawn up in at least three copies, refer to Articles L. 222-2 to L. 222-2-8 and state in particular the identity and address of the parties, the date of hiring, the duration, the player's post and activities, the remuneration with its bonuses and additional items, the pension and provident funds, the supplementary health insurer and the applicable collective agreements; the employer gives it to the player no later than two working days after hiring (Article L. 222-2-5 of the Sports Code). These requirements are not mere formalities. Article L. 222-2-8 of the Sports Code deems a contract concluded in breach of these rules to be of indefinite duration. In a judgment of 19 June 2024, the Court of Cassation approved a court of appeal that had applied this sanction to a rugby player temporarily engaged by another club without a written contract, and held that \\\"These mandatory provisions may not be derogated from either by a national collective agreement or by the rules of the sports federation or professional league\\\" (Cass. soc., 19 June 2024, No. 22-18.022) (our translation). The firm therefore checks the signed document, its annexes and their consistency with the remuneration actually paid.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How long can a professional player's contract last?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Article L. 222-2-4 of the Sports Code, as worded since 5 August 2026, sets a minimum duration equal to one sporting season of twelve months. Only a contract concluded during the season may last less than twelve months, on the terms set by a national collective agreement or, failing that, by the rules of the federation or league, and in three cases: if it runs at least until the end of the season, if it replaces an absent athlete or one whose contract is suspended, or if it replaces an athlete placed at the disposal of the federation as a member of a French national team. The season dates are set by those rules. The maximum duration is five years, subject to the specific regime for players trained at a training centre. For them, Article L. 211-5 of the Sports Code allows the training agreement to require the player, if the player intends to play professionally, to sign with the training club a first contract of no more than three years. This may be extended to five years where a discipline-wide collective agreement so provides and on conditions set by decree, the existence of which must be checked for each sport. Finally, the text states that the maximum duration excludes neither renewal of the contract nor the conclusion of a new contract with the same employer. Before any extension, the firm checks the reference season, the actual end date and the conditions set by the collective agreement.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is a contract worth if the league or federation has not approved it?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Article L. 222-2-6 of the Sports Code, as worded since 5 August 2026, allows the rules of the federation or league to provide for an approval procedure and to set its sporting consequences. The conditions in which the lack of approval may prevent the contract from taking effect are a matter for a national collective agreement. The answer therefore depends on the discipline, the championship and the text applicable on the date the contract takes effect. In a judgment of 15 January 2025, the Court of Cassation quashed a decision of a court of appeal that had held a rugby player's contract non-existent for lack of approval by the league, even though the club was playing in F\u00e9d\u00e9rale 1 on the effective date. It noted that, under the status applicable to that division, federation approval \\\"is not a precondition for the existence of an employment contract between a player and a club\\\" (Cass. soc., 15 January 2025, No. 23-13.980) (our translation). Conversely, a refusal of approval may deprive of effect a set of contracts built to circumvent the sporting rules: on 8 October 2025, the Social Chamber held that \\\"Review of the attributability of the termination of the employment contract is not within the scope of the checks carried out by the professional league\\\" (Cass. soc., 8 October 2025, No. 24-16.307) (our translation). Approval settles sporting eligibility; on its own it does not decide the question of the employee's rights.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can the club terminate my contract before its term?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Only in the cases provided by law. Under Article L. 1243-1 of the Labour Code, unless the parties agree, a fixed-term contract may be terminated before its expiry only for serious misconduct, force majeure or unfitness declared by the occupational physician. This rule applies to professional athletes, and a clause giving the club a purely unilateral right of termination would be null and void (Article L. 222-2-7 of the Sports Code). Sporting relegation does not create an additional ground. On 29 November 2023, the Court of Cassation dismissed the appeal of a club that, after dropping to a lower division, had proposed that the player take a 50% pay cut and then notified the end of the contract after the player refused. It approved the judges for holding that the termination, \\\"which resulted neither from the mutual consent of the parties nor from the employee's serious misconduct nor from force majeure nor from a medically established unfitness, was unlawful\\\" (Cass. soc., 29 November 2023, No. 21-19.282) (our translation). It also recalls that \\\"Unless the law provides otherwise, a collective agreement cannot allow an employer to modify the employment contract without obtaining the employee's express agreement\\\" (Cass. soc., 29 November 2023, No. 21-19.282) (our translation). Unlawful termination gives rise to damages at least equal to the remuneration due until the end of the term (Article L. 1243-4 of the Labour Code).\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"My club has stopped paying me: can I terminate the contract and sign elsewhere?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The player may also terminate before the term where the club commits serious misconduct, which is the case where the breaches make it impossible to continue the contract. On 3 June 2020, the Court of Cassation dismissed the appeal of a volleyball club: the player, who had brought the matter before the employment tribunal (conseil de prud'hommes) before signing with another club, had not resigned, because \\\"this commitment could not be regarded as the employee's clear and unequivocal intention to terminate the employment contract\\\" (Cass. soc., 3 June 2020, No. 18-13.628) (our translation). The early termination was held to be justified by the employer's serious misconduct, whether or not it was characterised as a termination by the employee on grounds of the employer's breaches (prise d'acte). The Reims court of appeal applied this reasoning to a footballer left without pay and without a pre-season, despite two formal notices, at a club excluded from the national championships. It held the termination attributable to the club and recalled that the compensation under Article L. 1243-4 of the Labour Code is a minimum, \\\"which may not be reduced in any way, even if the employee found another job immediately after the termination\\\" (CA Reims, social chamber, 27 November 2025, No. 25\/00005) (our translation). Before leaving, the player should therefore keep proof of the late payments, send a written formal notice and check the transfer rules of the discipline, since the characterisation of the termination determines the compensation.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Does a professional athlete receive end-of-contract compensation?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"No. Article L. 222-2-1 of the Sports Code makes the Labour Code applicable to the salaried professional athlete, but disapplies several articles on fixed-term contracts, including the one providing for end-of-contract compensation. The Court of Cassation drew that consequence in a judgment of 10 December 2025: \\\"a salaried professional athlete cannot claim end-of-contract compensation\\\" (Cass. soc., 10 December 2025, No. 24-16.829) (our translation). It quashed, without remittal, the urgent-application order (ordonnance de r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9) of an employment tribunal that had awarded this compensation to a player. The decision is unfavourable to the athlete and settles the question on the merits. This exclusion does not deprive the player of other protections. If the club terminates the contract early outside the cases allowed by law, the minimum compensation under Article L. 1243-4 of the Labour Code still applies, since that article is not on the list of disapplied provisions. The contract may also provide for end-of-season, retention or results bonuses, which are due on their own terms. The firm therefore checks what the contract, the collective agreement and any amendments actually provide before quantifying a claim, rather than reasoning by reference to the job-insecurity allowance (indemnit\u00e9 de pr\u00e9carit\u00e9) of ordinary employment law.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Does a loan to another club change my rights?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"A loan, or temporary transfer, is governed by Article L. 222-3 of the Sports Code, as worded since 5 August 2026, which lifts the prohibition on for-profit supply of labour where the terms of the operation are set by a national collective agreement or, failing that, by the rules of the federation or league. The player does not thereby lose the safeguards of the Sports Code. The Court of Cassation holds that \\\"An agreement by which a club's player is temporarily engaged and paid by another club constitutes an employment contract\\\" (Cass. soc., 19 June 2024, No. 22-18.022) (our translation), subject to the substantive and formal rules on fixed-term contracts for athletes. Form must not be used to disguise a prohibited loan either. In the judgment of 8 October 2025, amicable termination protocols accompanied by a side letter providing for the player's re-hiring were intended to circumvent the prohibition on temporary transfers; the court of appeal held the termination wrongful and the Court of Cassation dismissed the club's appeal (Cass. soc., 8 October 2025, No. 24-16.307). Before accepting a loan, the player should therefore obtain a document setting out the host club, the duration, the remuneration, who bears the bonuses and the conditions of return, and check that the termination of the original contract is not the instrument of a scheme.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Does a job promise or a transfer agreement already bind the player?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes, depending on its terms. On 22 October 2025, the Court of Cassation examined a job promise between a rugby club and a player, which provided for a sum of \u20ac20,000 payable by the party that did not ratify the professional contract during the transfer period. The party relying on the nullity of this stipulation argued that it was a unilateral termination clause prohibited by Article L. 222-2-7 of the Sports Code. The Court approved the court of appeal for holding that these stipulations \\\"were to be analysed as a penalty clause in the event of wrongful breaking off of negotiations\\\" (Cass. soc., 22 October 2025, No. 24-11.471) (our translation), and dismissed the appeal. The decision is unfavourable to the party who thought they could withdraw without consequence. A document signed before the final contract can therefore have financial effects. Where the transfer involves a sports agent, Article L. 222-17 of the Sports Code, as worded since 5 August 2026, requires a written contract with one of the parties, for a term of no more than three years, and caps the agent's remuneration at 10% of the amount of the contract concluded. The firm reviews the offer, the promise, the agreement between clubs and the agent's mandate before signing, to assess what already binds the player and on what terms the player might withdraw.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can my club or a brand use my image without my consent?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"No. On the basis of Article 9 of the French Civil Code (Code civil), everyone may object to the use of their image and name. The Paris judicial court (tribunal judiciaire) recalls that in this area \\\"the claimant must prove that the defendant company used their image without authorisation\\\" (TJ Paris, 17th ch., 15 May 2024, No. 22\/07207) (our translation), the user then having to show a valid authorisation. In that case, the publisher of sticker albums did not establish the chain of rights over a footballer's image and was ordered to compensate his non-material harm; the claim for financial loss, however, was rejected for lack of explanation of the specific value of this use. The contractual chain matters as much as the principle. The employment contract, the image amendment and the discipline's collective agreement may authorise the club to use the players' collective image, without depriving each player of the use of their personal image. Article L. 222-2-10-1 of the Sports Code, as worded since 5 August 2026, also allows the club to conclude with the player a separate contract for the commercial use of the player's image, name or voice, remunerated by a royalty linked to revenue. On pain of nullity, this contract must specify the scope of the use, the calculation and cap of the royalty, and the minimum remuneration under the employment contract from which it may be concluded, set by the discipline's national collective agreement. The firm checks each authorisation before acting.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can an image royalty or sponsor payment be reclassified as salary?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The risk exists in both cases. For the royalty paid by the club, Article L. 222-2-10-1 of the Sports Code, as worded since 5 August 2026, excludes characterisation as salary only if two conditions are met: the player's physical presence is not required for the use, and the royalty depends on the revenue generated by that use and not on the salary. The contract must also be sent without delay to the discipline's supervisory body. The text refers to a decree and to collective agreements for each discipline for the revenue concerned and the caps; their content must be checked for each sport. For a partnership with an equipment supplier, the Second Civil Chamber held on 12 May 2021 that \\\"the direct presentation of a product to the public by an athlete at various events and in particular sports exhibitions, with or without competition, falls within the scope of the presumption\\\" of employment attached to modelling activity (Cass. 2e civ., 12 May 2021, No. 19-24.610) (our translation). It quashed the judgment that had annulled the URSSAF (social security contributions agency) adjustment against the brand. A sponsorship contract remunerating the wearing of equipment can therefore give rise to social security contributions. The firm examines the wording of the athlete's obligations, the way the sums are calculated and the allocation of charges before signing.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Injured in training or in a match, what are my rights against the club?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"An injury occurring by reason of or in the course of work is a work accident within the meaning of Article L. 411-1 of the Social Security Code. It suspends the contract during the leave and limits the grounds for termination. It also creates obligations for the player. On 20 February 2019, the Court of Cassation dismissed the appeal of a basketball player dismissed for serious misconduct during sick leave, approving the finding that \\\"the specific nature of the profession of professional athlete required the employee, in case of injury, to undergo the care necessary to restore physical capacity\\\" (Cass. soc., 20 February 2019, No. 17-18.912) (our translation). Failing to follow the prescribed physiotherapy protocol was held to be disloyal. The decision is unfavourable to the player. Renewal of the contract is protected during the suspension, but within precise limits. Where the contract contains a renewal clause, the employer \\\"may refuse renewal during periods of suspension only if it shows a genuine and serious reason unrelated to the accident or illness\\\" (Cass. soc., 7 January 2026, No. 24-18.713) (our translation). In that judgment of 7 January 2026, however, the Court quashed the decision favourable to the player: the sick leave had ended before the clause was terminated and, since no return-to-work examination is mandatory after an absence of less than thirty days, the contract was no longer suspended despite the persistence of symptoms. This outcome, unfavourable to the player, turns on the chronology of the case; the end of the leave and the return-to-work examination regime must therefore be checked in each case.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What happens if the occupational physician declares me unfit?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Unfitness declared by the occupational physician is one of the grounds for early termination provided by Article L. 1243-1 of the Labour Code. Where it follows a work accident, Article L. 1226-20 of the Labour Code requires the employer to seek a suitable redeployment before terminating, unless a medical opinion expressly rules out any retention in the post or any redeployment. The termination gives rise to compensation of at least double the statutory dismissal indemnity. The opinion of the club doctor does not replace that of the occupational physician. The chronology is therefore decisive: date of the accident, length of leave, return-to-work examination, unfitness opinion, job offers and termination letter. The collective agreement may add steps specific to the discipline, but their scope varies according to the ground for termination. The firm checks that the procedure followed matches the ground relied on, that the redeployment searches are genuine and that the compensation paid meets the statutory minimum. A player whose club relies on both misconduct and unfitness should have the exact basis clarified, since the two regimes cannot be combined.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"An opponent seriously injured me: can I obtain compensation?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes, if the injury results from a fault characterised by a breach of the rules of the game, and not from the normal risk of the competition alone. On the basis of Article 1240 of the Civil Code, the Aix-en-Provence court of appeal recalled that the principle according to which \\\"breach of the rules of the game is left to the assessment of the referee responsible for ensuring their application, does not have the effect of depriving the civil court\\\" of its power to assess fault (CA Aix-en-Provence, ch. 1-6, 22 January 2026, No. 24\/01275) (our translation). It found an act of brutality committed without playing the ball, established by witness statements and the whistled foul, and ordered the insurer to compensate the injured player, including for the impact on his career. The regime is not the same for property damage: Article L. 321-3-1 of the Sports Code disapplies only liability for things in one's custody, within the meaning of the first paragraph of Article 1242 of the Civil Code, for property damage caused to another participant during a sporting event or training for it, in a place reserved for that activity; it does not cover personal fault. Insurance must also be checked: Article L. 321-4 of the Sports Code requires clubs and federations to inform their members of the benefit of personal accident insurance covering bodily injury. The firm gathers the match sheet, the referee's report, videos, witness statements and medical documents before quantifying the loss.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Left out of the professional squad without explanation, what remedies are there?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Selection falls within the coach's managerial authority, but a lasting exclusion, without sporting reason and accompanied by other conduct, may amount to psychological harassment (harc\u00e8lement moral). The Paris court of appeal so held on 1 March 2023 for a forward at a major Paris club. It first found no abuse in his non-selection for matches, which was justified by sporting reasons, and rejected the bonuses claimed on that basis. It did, however, find against the club for his removal from a preparation camp, his relegation to the reserve team until the matter was referred to the league's legal commission, and an unjustified deduction from his salary, all intended to encourage him to leave: \\\"These facts constitute psychological harassment within the meaning of the aforementioned provisions\\\" (CA Paris, p\u00f4le 6 ch. 3, 1 March 2023, No. 20\/01161) (our translation). The player claimed only one euro on this ground, which the court awarded; most of the sums related to back pay and a contractual bonus. The player should document call-ups, squad lists, schedules and written exchanges. A dispute with the club over performance of the employment contract falls to the employment tribunal (Article L. 1411-1 of the Labour Code). The Social Chamber has held that a footballer's challenge to the termination was not subject to a prior conciliation before the legal commission of the professional football league (Cass. soc., 29 November 2023, No. 21-19.282). Conciliation by the French National Olympic and Sports Committee under Article L. 141-4 of the Sports Code is a mandatory preliminary step only against a federation decision taken under public-authority prerogatives or under the statutes (Article R. 141-5 of the Sports Code). Any commission provided for by agreement should be checked before acting.\"}}]}<\/script><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"LegalService\", \"name\": \"Professional athlete lawyer in Paris \u2014 Kohen Avocats\", \"url\": \"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/professional-athlete-lawyer-paris\/\", \"telephone\": \"+33646605822\", \"email\": \"contact@kohenavocats.fr\", \"address\": {\"@type\": \"PostalAddress\", \"streetAddress\": \"11 rue Margueritte\", \"postalCode\": \"75017\", \"addressLocality\": \"Paris\", \"addressCountry\": \"FR\"}, \"areaServed\": \"The Paris region (\u00cele-de-France)\", \"founder\": {\"@type\": \"Person\", \"name\": \"Reda Kohen\", \"jobTitle\": \"Lawyer at the Paris Bar\", \"sameAs\": [\"https:\/\/consultation.avocat.fr\/avocat-paris\/reda-kohen-54670.html\"]}, \"openingHours\": \"Mo-Su 00:00-24:00\"}<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f3b7639 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.elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 .elementor-heading-title {\n    line-height: 1.3 !important;\n    font-size: 0.85em !important;\n  }\n}\n@media (min-width: 1201px) {\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 {\n    font-size: 0.95em;\n  }\n  \n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h1,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h2,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h3,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h4,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h5,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h6,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 .elementor-heading-title {\n    line-height: 1.35 !important;\n    font-size: 0.9em !important;\n  }\n}\n\/* M\u00e9dia queries pour le texte normal *\/\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 {\n    line-height: 1.6;\n  }\n}\n@media (min-width: 769px) and (max-width: 1200px) {\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 {\n    line-height: 1.65;\n  }\n}\n@media (min-width: 1201px) {\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 {\n    line-height: 1.75;\n  }\n}\n\/* Filtre noir semi-transparent - \u00c9tat initial visible, maintenu au hover *\/\n\/* Z-INDEX 1 : au-dessus du flou mais en dessous du texte *\/\n.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836::before {\n  content: '';\n  position: absolute;\n  inset: 0;\n  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);\n  backdrop-filter: blur(0px);\n  opacity: 1;\n  pointer-events: none;\n  z-index: 1;\n  transition: backdrop-filter 1.2s cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.1, 0.25, 1);\n  will-change: backdrop-filter;\n}\n\/* Brillance + flou - \u00c9tat initial invisible *\/\n\/* Z-INDEX 0 : en dessous de la teinte noire *\/\n.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836::after {\n  content: '';\n  position: absolute;\n  inset: 0;\n  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);\n  box-shadow: \n    inset 0.5px 0.5px 0.5px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0),\n    inset -0.5px -0.5px 0.5px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);\n  opacity: 0;\n  pointer-events: none;\n  z-index: 0;\n  transition: all 1.2s cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.1, 0.25, 1);\n}\n\/* ACTIVATION AU HOVER *\/\n.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:hover {\n  box-shadow: 0 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 0 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);\n  transform: translateY(-2px);\n}\n.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:hover::before {\n  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);\n}\n.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:hover::after {\n  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);\n  box-shadow: \n    inset 0.5px 0.5px 0.5px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15),\n    inset -0.5px -0.5px 0.5px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);\n  opacity: 1;\n} \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 {\n    flex-shrink: 0 !important;\n    scroll-snap-align: start !important;\n    width: clamp(300px, 30vw, 400px) !important;\n    min-width: 300px !important;\n  }\n\n  @media (max-width: 767px) {\n    .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 {\n      width: 350px !important;\n      min-width: 350px !important;\n      max-width: 350px !important;\n    }\n  }\/* End custom CSS *\/<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2157105 post-2157105 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/25\/foreign-business-france-vat-registration-fiscal-representative-challenge-abroad\/\">Your Foreign Business Owes French VAT Without a French Company: Registration, Fiscal Representative and How to Challenge the Bill From Abroad<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2157083 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2157083 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/tim-schmidbauer-EnC5f7At4ac-unsplash-1-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2157083 post-2157083 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/25\/foreign-company-france-unpaid-invoice-penalties-injonction-payer-abroad\/\">Your French Client Has Not Paid: Late-Payment Penalties, the 40 Euro Fee and the Injunction-to-Pay While You Live Abroad<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2157055 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2157055 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/allison-saeng-Hpw4nI_QUWQ-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2157055 post-2157055 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/25\/foreign-company-france-corporate-bank-account-refusal-abroad\/\">Your French Bank Won&#8217;t Open a Corporate Account While You Live Abroad: Right to an Account, Banque de France Designation and the Anti-Money-Laundering Wall<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. 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Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2156702 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2156702 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/pawel-czerwinski-mIT9kEQBC6Q-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2156702 post-2156702 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/24\/foreign-company-france-hire-first-employee-dpae-contract-trial-pay-abroad\/\">Hiring Your First French Employee While You Live Abroad: DPAE, Contract, Trial Period, Pay and Registration<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2156668 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2156668 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/alex-vasey-F5HtPjpBb9k-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2156668 post-2156668 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/24\/foreign-company-france-management-fees-transfer-pricing-file-defence-abroad\/\">Your French Subsidiary Pays Management Fees to Its Foreign Parent While You Live Abroad: Transfer Pricing File, Deduction and Reassessment Defence<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. 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Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2156579 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2156579 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/viktor-forgacs-5j8nd3QpRbo-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2156579 post-2156579 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/24\/foreign-company-france-close-dissolution-liquidation-tax-radiation-abroad\/\">Closing Your French Company From Abroad: Voluntary Dissolution, Friendly Liquidation, Tax Clearance and Striking Off<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2156527 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2156527 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mohamed-nohassi-vGTXy8FS7b0-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2156527 post-2156527 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/24\/foreign-company-france-subsidiary-insolvent-director-liability-45-days-abroad\/\">Your French Subsidiary Goes Insolvent While You Live Abroad: 45-Day Filing, Director Liability and Sanctions Defence<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. 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Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. 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