{"id":2161331,"date":"2026-11-01T23:35:54","date_gmt":"2026-11-01T22:35:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/?page_id=2161331"},"modified":"2026-11-04T19:47:03","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T18:47:03","slug":"flight-delay-lawyer-paris","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/flight-delay-lawyer-paris\/","title":{"rendered":"Flight delay lawyer in Paris: acting after the airline&#8217;s refusal"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2161331\" class=\"elementor elementor-2161331 elementor-2160712\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-v5bd59a e-con-full e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"v5bd59a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-v5bd59aw elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"v5bd59aw\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"kcv\" id=\"kci-root\" data-refresh-marker=\"expertise-fr-avocat-retard-vol-paris-20261101\">\n<section class=\"kcv-hero\" aria-labelledby=\"kch-h1\">\n  <div class=\"kcv-in\">\n    <div class=\"kcv-head\">\n      <p class=\"kk\">Refusal to pay, airline silence, mediation and court summons since February 2026<\/p>\n      <h1 id=\"kch-h1\"><em>Flight delay lawyer<\/em> in Paris:<span class=\"kcv-tail\"> acting after the airline's refusal.<\/span><\/h1>\n      <p class=\"kcv-sub\">A flight delay lawyer in Paris can step in once the airline has rejected the claim, offered vouchers, invoked an extraordinary circumstance without evidence or simply fallen silent: the refusal opens a second, more formal stage, more formal since 7 February 2026. Prior mediation, the writ of summons and proof of the delay are prepared before going to court.<\/p>\n      <div class=\"kcv-btns\">\n        <a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-tel\" href=\"tel:+33646605822\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 16.9v3a2 2 0 0 1-2.2 2 19.8 19.8 0 0 1-8.6-3.1 19.5 19.5 0 0 1-6-6A19.8 19.8 0 0 1 2.1 4.2 2 2 0 0 1 4.1 2h3a2 2 0 0 1 2 1.7c.1.9.4 1.8.7 2.7a2 2 0 0 1-.5 2.1L8 9.8a16 16 0 0 0 6 6l1.3-1.3a2 2 0 0 1 2.1-.4c.9.3 1.8.6 2.7.7a2 2 0 0 1 1.7 2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Call the firm<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">06&nbsp;46&nbsp;60&nbsp;58&nbsp;22<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n        <a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-mail\" href=\"#kch-form\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"2.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"19\" height=\"15\" rx=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m3.5 6.5 8.5 6.5 8.5-6.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Send your documents<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">confidential form<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n      <\/div>\n      <p class=\"kcv-urg\">Since 7 February 2026, a claim based on the European regulation that is brought before the court without a prior attempt at mediation may be declared inadmissible by the court of its own motion. Keep the written claim and its date.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcv-stagewrap\"><div class=\"kcv-stageshadow\"><div class=\"kcv-stage\">\n      <link rel=\"preload\" as=\"image\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-v3-expertises\/kohen-fr-squat-paysage-20261025.webp\" media=\"(min-width:761px)\" fetchpriority=\"high\">\n      <link rel=\"preload\" as=\"image\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-v3-expertises\/kohen-fr-squat-paysage-1080-20261025.webp\" media=\"(max-width:760px)\" fetchpriority=\"high\">\n      <div class=\"kcv-media\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"--kcv-img:url('https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-v3-expertises\/kohen-fr-squat-paysage-20261025.webp');--kcv-img-m:url('https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-v3-expertises\/kohen-fr-squat-paysage-1080-20261025.webp')\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"kcv-panel kcv-glass\" id=\"kch-form\">\n        <div class=\"kcv-panel-head\">\n          <div>\n            <p class=\"kcv-panel-k\">Cancelled or delayed flight \u00b7 Paris<\/p>\n            <h2 class=\"kcv-panel-t\">Get a <em>first analysis<\/em><\/h2>\n            <p class=\"kcv-panel-l\">Send the booking, the boarding pass if you have it, the claim sent to the airline and its reply: the firm checks the right to compensation, the time limits and the appropriate course of action.<\/p>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"kcv-chip kcv-glass\"><p class=\"kcv-chip-n\">24 \u00e0 48 h<\/p><p class=\"kcv-chip-x\">first legal<br>review<\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"kcf-wrap\">\n<form id=\"kcf-2form\" data-kcf data-api-url=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-json\/kohen-form\/v1\/submit\" data-vps-url=\"https:\/\/upload-fr.46-224-152-225.sslip.io\/submit\" data-max-size=\"1073741824\" data-max-files=\"500\" novalidate enctype=\"multipart\/form-data\">\n  <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"rendered_at\" value=\"1776847557\">\n  <div class=\"kcf-hp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><label for=\"kcf-2website\">Do not fill in<\/label><input id=\"kcf-2website\" name=\"website\" type=\"text\" tabindex=\"-1\" autocomplete=\"off\"><\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcf-price\">\n    <span class=\"kcf-price-amount\">\u20ac80<small>incl. VAT<\/small><\/span>\n    <div class=\"kcf-price-body\">\n      <p class=\"kcf-price-text\"><strong>Preliminary review of your case.<\/strong> Examination of your documents and a first written analysis by Reda Kohen, within 24 to 48 business hours. Payment is made online after this form is sent.<\/p>\n      <ul class=\"kcf-price-meta\">\n        <li>Up to 1 GB of documents, folders and subfolders accepted<\/li>\n        <li>Secure payment, no banking data stored<\/li>\n        <li><a href=\"\/conditions-etude-prealable\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Terms and fee agreement<\/a><\/li>\n      <\/ul>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcf-row\">\n    <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n      <label class=\"kcf-label\" for=\"kcf-2name\">Full name<\/label>\n      <input class=\"kcf-input\" type=\"text\" id=\"kcf-2name\" name=\"name\" placeholder=\"Your name\" required autocomplete=\"name\" aria-describedby=\"kcf-2name-err\">\n      <p class=\"kcf-field-error\" id=\"kcf-2name-err\" role=\"alert\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n      <label class=\"kcf-label\" for=\"kcf-2phone\">Telephone <span class=\"kcf-optional\">(optional)<\/span><\/label>\n      <input class=\"kcf-input\" type=\"tel\" inputmode=\"tel\" id=\"kcf-2phone\" name=\"phone\" placeholder=\"06 00 00 00 00\" autocomplete=\"tel\" aria-describedby=\"kcf-2phone-err\">\n      <p class=\"kcf-field-error\" id=\"kcf-2phone-err\" role=\"alert\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n    <label class=\"kcf-label\" for=\"kcf-2email\">Email address<\/label>\n    <input class=\"kcf-input\" type=\"email\" id=\"kcf-2email\" name=\"email\" placeholder=\"your@email.com\" required autocomplete=\"email\" spellcheck=\"false\" autocapitalize=\"off\" aria-describedby=\"kcf-2email-err\">\n    <p class=\"kcf-field-error\" id=\"kcf-2email-err\" role=\"alert\"><\/p>\n  <\/div>\n  \n  <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n    <label class=\"kcf-label\" for=\"kcf-2message\">Message<\/label>\n    <textarea class=\"kcf-textarea\" id=\"kcf-2message\" name=\"message\" placeholder=\"Briefly describe your situation...\" required aria-describedby=\"kcf-2message-err\"><\/textarea>\n    <p class=\"kcf-field-error\" id=\"kcf-2message-err\" role=\"alert\"><\/p>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n    <label class=\"kcf-label\">Attachments <span class=\"kcf-optional\">(optional, 500 files max, 1 GB)<\/span><\/label>\n    <div class=\"kcf-dropzone\" id=\"kcf-2dropzone\">\n      <svg class=\"kcf-dropzone-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M21 15v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\/><polyline points=\"17 8 12 3 7 8\"\/><line x1=\"12\" y1=\"3\" x2=\"12\" y2=\"15\"\/><\/svg>\n      <p class=\"kcf-dropzone-text\"><strong>Click<\/strong> or drag your files here<br>All formats accepted (PDF, Word, images, etc.)<\/p>\n      <input type=\"file\" name=\"attachments\" id=\"kcf-2files\" multiple>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcf-file-list\" id=\"kcf-2filelist\"><\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcf-progress\" id=\"kcf-2progress\">\n      <div class=\"kcf-progress-bar\"><div class=\"kcf-progress-fill\" id=\"kcf-2progressfill\"><\/div><\/div>\n      <p class=\"kcf-progress-text\" id=\"kcf-2progresstext\">Sending...<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <button type=\"submit\" class=\"kcf-btn\">\n    <span class=\"kcf-spinner\"><\/span>\n    <span class=\"kcf-btn-text\">Pay \u20ac80 and send my case<\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"kcf-msg\" role=\"status\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><\/div>\n  <p class=\"kcf-note\">Payment constitutes a request for immediate performance of your analysis. Your data is used only to process your request. <a href=\"\/conditions-etude-prealable\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Terms<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"\/politique-de-confidentialite\/\">Privacy policy<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/form>\n      <\/div>\n      <\/div><\/div>\n      <div class=\"kcv-press knp\">\n<style>\n    .kcv-press.knp ul.knp__ruban{animation-duration:132s}@media (max-width:600px){.kcv-press.knp ul.knp__ruban{animation-duration:96s}}\n    .knp .knp__piste:hover ul.knp__ruban,.knp.knp--ouvert ul.knp__ruban{animation-play-state:paused}\n    .knp .knp__piste:has(button:focus-visible) ul.knp__ruban{animation:none}\n    .knp button.knp__logo{all:unset;box-sizing:border-box;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;height:100%;cursor:pointer;transition:transform .2s ease}\n    .knp button.knp__logo:hover{transform:scale(1.05)}\n    .knp button.knp__logo:active{transform:scale(.97)}\n    .knp button.knp__logo:focus-visible{outline:2px solid 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4px;padding:0 24px;text-align:center;line-height:1}.knp a.knp__videos{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 18px 9px 14px;border:1px solid #CFDEF0;border-radius:999px;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#FFFFFF 0%,#E6EEF8 100%);color:#1F4FA8;font-family:inherit;font-size:14px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.01em;line-height:1.2;text-decoration:none;transition:border-color .2s ease,box-shadow .2s ease,transform .2s ease}.knp a.knp__videos svg{flex:0 0 auto;display:block}.knp a.knp__videos:hover{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#FFFFFF 0%,#DCEAFB 100%);border-color:#1F4FA8;color:#1F4FA8;box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(31,79,168,.14);transform:translateY(-1px)}.knp a.knp__videos:focus-visible{outline:2px solid #1F4FA8;outline-offset:3px}.kcv-press.knp{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center;align-items:center;column-gap:14px}.kcv-press.knp>.kcv-press-t,.kcv-press.knp>.knp__watchlink{flex:0 0 auto}.kcv-press.knp>.knp__piste{flex:0 0 100%}.kcv-press.knp p.knp__watchlink{margin:0 0 2px;padding:0;line-height:17px}.kcv-press.knp a.knp__videos{gap:5px;padding:0;border:0;border-radius:0;background:none;box-shadow:none;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:.02em;line-height:17px;transform:none}.kcv-press.knp a.knp__videos:hover{background:none;box-shadow:none;transform:none}.kcv-press.knp a.knp__videos:hover span{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}.kcv-press.knp a.knp__videos svg{width:13px;height:13px}.knp .knp__vc{display:none}@media (max-width:900px){.kcv-press.knp .knp__vl{display:none}.kcv-press.knp .knp__vc{display:inline}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.knp a.knp__videos{transition:none}.knp a.knp__videos:hover{transform:none}}<\/style><p class=\"knp__watchlink\"><a class=\"knp__videos\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/media\/\" aria-label=\"Watch the videos and their transcripts\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><circle cx=\"10\" cy=\"10\" r=\"9\" fill=\"#1F4FA8\"\/><path d=\"M8.3 6.4v7.2l5.6-3.6z\" fill=\"#fff\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"knp__vl\">Watch the videos and their transcripts<\/span><span class=\"knp__vc\">Videos<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n        <div class=\"knp__piste\"><ul class=\"knp__ruban\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"france-2\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"France 2: watch the report featuring Hassan Kohen\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/france-2.svg\" alt=\"France 2\" style=\"--h:30px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li>\n<li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"tf1\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"TF1: watch the news excerpt featuring Hassan Kohen\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/tf1.svg\" alt=\"TF1\" style=\"--h:36px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li 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l'\u00c9tat.\",\"auteur\":\"data.gouv.fr\",\"paraphrase\":true,\"libelle\":\"Voir la fiche sur data.gouv.fr\"},{\"titre\":\"Commentaires des d\u00e9cisions de justice par l'IA g\u00e9n\u00e9rative\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.data.gouv.fr\/reuses\/commentaires-des-decisions-de-justice-par-lia-generative\",\"citation\":\"R\u00e9utilisation des donn\u00e9es publiques de justice publi\u00e9e par Kohen Avocats et r\u00e9f\u00e9renc\u00e9e sur data.gouv.fr.\",\"auteur\":\"data.gouv.fr\",\"paraphrase\":true,\"libelle\":\"Voir la r\u00e9utilisation sur data.gouv.fr\"}]},\"awwwards\":{\"nom\":\"Awwwards\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Kohen Avocats, site nomm\u00e9 aux Awwwards\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.awwwards.com\/sites\/kohen-avocats\",\"citation\":\"Le site du cabinet figure parmi les sites nomm\u00e9s (\u00ab Nominee \u00bb) par Awwwards, r\u00e9f\u00e9rence internationale du design web.\",\"auteur\":\"Awwwards\",\"paraphrase\":true,\"libelle\":\"Voir la fiche sur 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\u00e0 la location ?\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.leboncoin.fr\/guide\/immobilier\/bouilloires-thermiques-bientot-interdites-a-la-location-hfpj70o6.html\",\"citation\":\"Le guide immobilier cite une analyse de kohenavocats.fr parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"Leboncoin\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"femme-actuelle\":{\"nom\":\"Femme Actuelle\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"S\u00e9paration ou divorce : quelle banque et quel cr\u00e9dit pour repartir sur de bonnes bases ?\",\"date\":\"2026-09-30\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.femmeactuelle.fr\/vie-pratique\/news-vie-pratique\/separation-ou-divorce-quelle-banque-et-quel-credit-pour-repartir-sur-de-bonnes-bases-2211980\",\"citation\":\"L'article cite une analyse de kohenavocats.com parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"Femme Actuelle\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"economie-matin\":{\"nom\":\"\u00c9conomie Matin\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Nouveau bail 2026 : ce que les propri\u00e9taires doivent anticiper d\u00e8s 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l\u2019obligation de d\u00e9livrer un logement d\u00e9cent pendant toute la dur\u00e9e du bail et l\u2019ordonnance du tribunal judiciaire de B\u00e9ziers du 31 mars 2026 sur une climatisation install\u00e9e sans autorisation.\",\"auteur\":\"Science \\u0026 Vie\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"frandroid\":{\"nom\":\"Frandroid\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Fin de Rakuten France : comment r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer vos factures, vos garanties et vos points Club R\",\"date\":\"2026-09-30\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.frandroid.com\/culture-tech\/web\/3266559_fin-de-rakuten-france-comment-recuperer-vos-factures-vos-garanties-et-vos-points-club-r\",\"citation\":\"Le cabinet Kohen Avocats leur conseille de retirer cet argent et de t\u00e9l\u00e9charger tout leur historique avant le 10 novembre.\",\"auteur\":\"Frandroid\",\"paraphrase\":true},{\"titre\":\"Goutte-\u00e0-goutte et inondation : que faire quand la climatisation du voisin ruine votre terrasse 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aria-controls=\"kcv-p1\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">The rules<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-p2\" aria-controls=\"kcv-p2\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">Your documents<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-p3\" aria-controls=\"kcv-p3\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">The method<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-p4\" aria-controls=\"kcv-p4\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">The timetable<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-p5\" aria-controls=\"kcv-p5\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">The checks<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-synthese\" aria-controls=\"kcv-synthese\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">Summary<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-faq\" aria-controls=\"kcv-faq\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">Questions<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-textes\" aria-controls=\"kcv-textes\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">Legal texts<\/button><\/div><\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcv-track\"><div class=\"kcv-slide kcv-on\" id=\"kcv-avocat\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-avocat\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<div class=\"kcv-pro\">\n  <figure class=\"kcv-pro-photo\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" src=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/kohen-footer\/portrait-reda-20260920-lignes-orange.jpg\" alt=\"Reda Kohen, lawyer at the Paris Bar\" width=\"1122\" height=\"1402\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\">\n    <figcaption class=\"kcv-pro-cap kcv-glass\"><span class=\"kcv-pro-capn\">Reda Kohen<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pro-capr\">Lawyer at the Paris Bar<\/span><\/figcaption>\n  <\/figure>\n  <div class=\"kcv-pro-body\">\n    <p class=\"kk\">Aviation law \u00b7 Paris 17th arrondissement<\/p>\n    <h2>What a <em>flight delay lawyer<\/em> in Paris does<\/h2>\n    <ul class=\"kcv-pro-tags\"><li>Paris Bar<\/li><li>Aviation law<\/li><li>Passengers and airlines<\/li><\/ul>\n    <p class=\"kcv-p\">Reda Kohen, lawyer (avocat) at the Paris Bar, can act for passengers whose compensation claim has been rejected or left unanswered by the air carrier.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-p\">An airline's refusal is not a decision. It is the position of a party, often based on a standard ground: extraordinary circumstances, no boarding pass, a delay of under three hours or a flight outside the European scope. The firm examines whether that ground stands up against the documents and the case law.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-p\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000052052454\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000052052454\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Decree No. 2025-772 of 5 August 2025<\/a> changed what follows. Claims based on <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/FR\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX:32004R0261\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Regulation (EC) No. 261\/2004 of 11 February 2004<\/a> must now be brought by writ of summons, after an attempt at mediation before a consumer mediator, except as provided for in the text. The firm first checks whether this step has been completed, or whether it can still be.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-p\">Send what you have, even if incomplete: the firm will prioritise and complete the file with you. In an emergency, call <a href=\"tel:+33646605822\">06 46 60 58 22<\/a>.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-pro-meta\"><a href=\"https:\/\/consultation.avocat.fr\/avocat-paris\/reda-kohen-54670.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Official profile in the directory of French lawyers (CNB)<\/a><span>Firm at 11 rue Margueritte, 75017 Paris<\/span><\/p>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-cards\">\n  <div class=\"kcv-card\"><h3>The ground for refusal<\/h3><p>Each ground put forward by the airline calls for specific evidence, which in principle it must provide itself.<\/p><\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcv-card\"><h3>Prior mediation<\/h3><p>Without an attempt at mediation, and absent a legitimate reason or a transitional exception provided for by the decree, the court may dismiss the claim without examining the merits.<\/p><\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcv-card\"><h3>The right court<\/h3><p>The place of departure or arrival of the flight may establish jurisdiction, depending on the airline's situation and the applicable text.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p1\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">The rules<\/p>\n<h2>Compensation, evidence, procedure: <em>the applicable rules<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">Four rules govern the analysis of a refusal to pay compensation.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"kcv-conds\">\n  <li><a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/FR\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX:32004R0261\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Regulation (EC) No. 261\/2004 of 11 February 2004<\/a> sets, in Articles 5 and 7, flat-rate compensation of 250 euros for flights of 1,500 kilometres or less, 400 euros for intra-Community flights of more than 1,500 kilometres and other flights of between 1,500 and 3,500 kilometres, and 600 euros beyond that, distances being measured by the great-circle route. Article 7(2) allows this amount to be reduced by half where the re-routing offered limits the delay on arrival. The Court of Cassation allows the claim of a passenger who reached the final destination three hours or more late and overturns the court that placed on the passenger the burden of proving the arrival time, \"whereas it was for the air carrier to show that Mr W... had reached Orly airport less than three hours late\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/602fcde60e18e166a242d756\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. 1re civ., 17 February 2021, No. 19-21.362<\/a>) (our translation).<\/li>\n  <li>The airline escapes payment if it proves an extraordinary circumstance that no reasonable measure could have avoided (Article 5(3) of the Regulation). The Paris judicial court recalls that \"The terms extraordinary circumstances appearing in a provision that constitutes a derogation from the principle of flat-rate compensation must be interpreted strictly\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/697a6bbacdc6046d47063f11\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TJ Paris, 8 January 2026, No. 24\/01802<\/a>) (our translation). The defence nonetheless sometimes succeeds: the commercial court of Nice rejected a claim after finding that \"the presence of insects on board the aircraft required an intervention before the flight could be operated\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6a2cd5c5cdc6046d47213b92\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TC Nice, 22 April 2026, No. 2025RG01992<\/a>) (our translation).<\/li>\n  <li>Under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000052052454\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000052052454\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Decree No. 2025-772 of 5 August 2025<\/a>, applicable to proceedings brought since 7 February 2026, the claim is brought by writ of summons, in the name of a single passenger or of passengers on the same flight linked by family or as a couple, after an attempt at mediation before a consumer mediator, unless there is a legitimate reason, or the claim was sent to the airline before 7 August 2025, or the triggering event dates back at least four years at 7 February 2026. The economic activities court of Nanterre declared inadmissible a writ of May 2026 because \"the claimant does not provide proof that the consumer mediator was approached before the proceedings\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6ad372cd7a102021379722ff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TAE Nanterre, 24 September 2026, No. 2026F01065<\/a>) (our translation).<\/li>\n  <li>Flat-rate compensation is subject to the five-year ordinary limitation period of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000019017112\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000019017112\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article 2224 of the Civil Code<\/a>, which is interrupted when the airline acknowledges the right (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000019017366\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000019017366\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article 2240 of the Civil Code<\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6a51448e93c619cd1fb1c481\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TJ Lyon, 2 June 2026, No. 25\/02044<\/a>). On jurisdiction, the Court of Cassation sees in the Regulation \"a regime of standardised and immediate compensation for the damage constituted by the inconvenience caused by delays\" and applies <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006410145\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006410145\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article 46 of the Code of Civil Procedure<\/a> to an airline established outside the Union (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/636b6d1367b11ddcd1c423ba\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. 1re civ., 9 November 2022, No. 21-11.304<\/a>) (our translation).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"kcv-callout\"><span class=\"kcv-callout-i\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M9.6 6C6.5 7.4 4.5 10 4.5 13.4V18h6v-6H7.6c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L9.6 6zm9 0c-3.1 1.4-5.1 4-5.1 7.4V18h6v-6h-2.9c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L18.6 6z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><p>Regulation (EU) 2026\/2202 of 16 September 2026, which amends the 2004 Regulation, applies only from 23 October 2027 (<a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/eli\/reg\/2026\/2202\/oj?locale=fr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">final article, EUR-Lex<\/a>): current flights remain governed by the 2004 text and the case law interpreting it.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p2\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">Your documents<\/p>\n<h2>What to send, <em>depending on the state of your file<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">The airline's refusal is challenged on the basis of the travel documents and the chronology of the claims.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-duel\">\n  <div class=\"kcv-opt kcv-opt-a\"><p class=\"kcv-opt-k\">Situation A<\/p><p class=\"kcv-opt-t\">The airline has refused or is not replying<\/p><ul><li>Booking confirmation, e-ticket and, if you kept it, boarding pass<\/li><li>Written claim sent to the airline, with its date of dispatch and any acknowledgement of receipt<\/li><li>Refusal reply, voucher offer or message announcing the cancellation, with the time of receipt<\/li><li>Actual times noted by you or by a flight-tracking service, dated screenshots<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcv-or\" aria-hidden=\"true\">or<\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcv-opt kcv-opt-b\"><p class=\"kcv-opt-k\">Situation B<\/p><p class=\"kcv-opt-t\">A step has already been taken<\/p><ul><li>Mediation file: date the mediator was approached, exchanges with the mediator and the opinion given, or refusal to examine the case<\/li><li>Contract signed with a claims company, mandate or deed assigning the claim<\/li><li>Judgment of inadmissibility, application filed or writ of summons already served<\/li><li>List of passengers on the same flight and the family or couple link between them<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-callout\"><span class=\"kcv-callout-i\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M9.6 6C6.5 7.4 4.5 10 4.5 13.4V18h6v-6H7.6c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L9.6 6zm9 0c-3.1 1.4-5.1 4-5.1 7.4V18h6v-6h-2.9c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L18.6 6z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><p>Do not accept a voucher or a reduced payment without checking the amount owed: the Regulation makes payment in vouchers subject to the passenger's signed agreement.<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"kcv-p\">The firm also handles:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"kcv-pro-tags\"><li>Consumer mediation<\/li><li>Writ of summons<\/li><li>Extraordinary circumstances<\/li><li>Additional compensation<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p3\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">The method<\/p>\n<h2>How the firm <em>takes over the file<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">Check the refusal, complete the required amicable step, then bring the claim before the competent court.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-rows\">\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Step 1<\/p><h3>Reading the refusal and the documents<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\">The firm compares the ground raised by the airline with the travel documents: distance, actual times, status as operating carrier, date of the information about the cancellation and re-routing offer.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Step 2<\/p><h3>Checking the time limits<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\">It calculates the five-year period, looks for an act of acknowledgement that would have interrupted it and checks the one-year period within which the mediator must be approached after the written claim.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Step 3<\/p><h3>Mediation or legitimate reason<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\">If mediation has not taken place, the file is prepared for the competent mediator. If it has failed or proved impossible, the firm gathers the evidence required by the decree.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Step 4<\/p><h3>Writ of summons and hearing<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\">The writ of summons, served by a commissaire de justice (bailiff) before the chosen court, quantifies the compensation, the interest and, if the documents justify it, a loss distinct from the flat-rate compensation.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-callout\"><span class=\"kcv-callout-i\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M9.6 6C6.5 7.4 4.5 10 4.5 13.4V18h6v-6H7.6c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L9.6 6zm9 0c-3.1 1.4-5.1 4-5.1 7.4V18h6v-6h-2.9c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L18.6 6z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><p>A sound claim can fail for a formal reason. Since February 2026, mediation, the writ of summons and the make-up of the group of claimants are checked before the merits.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p4\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">The timetable<\/p>\n<h2>The process <em>after an airline's refusal<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">From the disrupted flight to the judgment, each step leaves a trace that will serve as evidence.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"kcv-hs\"><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Disrupted flight<\/p><p><strong>On the day itself.<\/strong> Photograph the display screens, keep the boarding pass and note the time at which a door opens to let passengers out on arrival.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Written claim<\/p><p>Send the airline a precise, dated claim: flight number, route, delay or cancellation, amount claimed.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Refusal or silence<\/p><p>Keep the reply, even an automatic one. A quantified offer from the airline may amount to an acknowledgement of the right.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Mediation<\/p><p>Approach the consumer mediator within the year following the written claim, attaching all the documents.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Writ of summons<\/p><p>If this fails, the claim is brought by writ of summons before the competent court, with proof of the attempt at mediation.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Judgment and enforcement<\/p><p>The judgment sets the compensation, the interest and the costs; it is then enforced against the airline ordered to pay.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p5\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">The checks<\/p>\n<h2>What the firm checks <em>before issuing a writ<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">A badly prepared writ of summons costs money and may be declared inadmissible without examination of the merits.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-split\">\n  <ul class=\"kcv-check\"><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Scope: flight departing from the Union, or flight to the Union operated by a Union carrier, and status as operating carrier.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Right to compensation: delay of three hours or more at the final destination, cancellation announced less than two weeks before departure without re-routing within the times set out in Article 5, or denied boarding, distance used.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Ground for refusal: nature of the circumstance invoked, documents produced by the airline, reasonable measures taken or not.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Amicable step: dated written claim, mediator approached within the year, outcome of the mediation or legitimate reason for its absence.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Form of the action: writ of summons, claimants grouped as the decree allows, competent court and five-year period.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n  <aside class=\"kcv-act\">\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-k\">Case documents<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-t\">Send what you have, even if incomplete<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-p\">Submit your documents through the confidential form at the top of the page: the firm will prioritise and complete the file with you.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"kcv-act-b\"><a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-mail\" href=\"#kch-form\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"2.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"19\" height=\"15\" rx=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m3.5 6.5 8.5 6.5 8.5-6.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Send your documents<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">confidential form<\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-tel\" href=\"tel:+33646605822\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 16.9v3a2 2 0 0 1-2.2 2 19.8 19.8 0 0 1-8.6-3.1 19.5 19.5 0 0 1-6-6A19.8 19.8 0 0 1 2.1 4.2 2 2 0 0 1 4.1 2h3a2 2 0 0 1 2 1.7c.1.9.4 1.8.7 2.7a2 2 0 0 1-.5 2.1L8 9.8a16 16 0 0 0 6 6l1.3-1.3a2 2 0 0 1 2.1-.4c.9.3 1.8.6 2.7.7a2 2 0 0 1 1.7 2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Call the firm<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">06&nbsp;46&nbsp;60&nbsp;58&nbsp;22<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n  <\/aside>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-synthese\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-synthese\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">Summary<\/p>\n<h2>Refusal, evidence, <em>reply<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">The most common grounds for refusal each call for a different response.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-rows\">\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>The airline invokes an extraordinary circumstance<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Technical report, rotation log, weather or air traffic control notes produced by the airline.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> Ask for the documents as soon as you make the claim, before mediation.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful action:<\/strong> Challenge the nature of the event and the reasonable measures taken or omitted.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>The airline disputes the length of the delay<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Actual times, flight-tracking record, delay certificate, time of arrival at the airport of final destination.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> Note the times on the day itself or in the days that follow.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful action:<\/strong> Point out that the burden of proving a delay of under three hours lies on the carrier.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>The airline demands the boarding pass<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Confirmed booking, emails from the airline, re-routing, any element showing the flight was actually operated for you.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> Gather these documents before approaching the mediator.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful action:<\/strong> Rely on the case law that no longer requires a boarding pass for a delayed flight.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>The airline does not reply<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Dated written claim, reminders, acknowledgements of receipt.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> Approach the mediator after the refusal or after the reply period set by its terms, and no later than one year after the written claim.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful action:<\/strong> Mediation, then a writ of summons if the airline maintains its silence or refusal.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>The airline offers a voucher<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Offer received, terms of use, amount compared with the scale in the Regulation.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> Sign nothing before checking the amount owed.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful action:<\/strong> Refuse the voucher and claim payment in money; if a lower amount was accepted for lack of information about your rights, consider the claim for a top-up provided for by Article 15.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>The court declared the claim inadmissible<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Judgment, date of the claim, date of the flight, any proof of mediation.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> Check the avenues of challenge against the judgment and the limitation period, since the interruption may be treated as void if the claim is finally dismissed.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful action:<\/strong> Examine whether the mediator can still be approached, as the year following the written claim may have elapsed, before deciding whether a new action remains possible.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-faq\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-faq\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">Frequently asked questions<\/p>\n<h2>Your questions: <em>challenging a refusal<\/em><\/h2>\n<div class=\"kcv-faqgrid\">\n  <aside class=\"kcv-act kcv-act-sticky\">\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-k\">12 questions<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-t\">A situation not listed here?<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-p\">Every case has its own features. The firm reads your documents before answering you.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"kcv-act-b\"><a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-tel\" href=\"tel:+33646605822\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 16.9v3a2 2 0 0 1-2.2 2 19.8 19.8 0 0 1-8.6-3.1 19.5 19.5 0 0 1-6-6A19.8 19.8 0 0 1 2.1 4.2 2 2 0 0 1 4.1 2h3a2 2 0 0 1 2 1.7c.1.9.4 1.8.7 2.7a2 2 0 0 1-.5 2.1L8 9.8a16 16 0 0 0 6 6l1.3-1.3a2 2 0 0 1 2.1-.4c.9.3 1.8.6 2.7.7a2 2 0 0 1 1.7 2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Call the firm<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">06&nbsp;46&nbsp;60&nbsp;58&nbsp;22<\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-mail\" href=\"#kch-form\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"2.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"19\" height=\"15\" rx=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m3.5 6.5 8.5 6.5 8.5-6.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Send your documents<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">confidential form<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n  <\/aside>\n  <div class=\"kcv-faq\"><details><summary>The airline refuses to compensate me: what can I do?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>A refusal does not extinguish your right. The first step is to identify the exact ground put forward by the airline, because each ground calls for a different response: extraordinary circumstances, a delay allegedly of under three hours, no proof of boarding, a flight outside the scope of <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/FR\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX:32004R0261\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Regulation (EC) No. 261\/2004 of 11 February 2004<\/a>, or a claim held to be out of time. The firm compares that ground with the travel documents and with the decisions given in comparable situations.<\/p><p>Since 7 February 2026, what follows is governed by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000052052454\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000052052454\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Decree No. 2025-772 of 5 August 2025<\/a>. If the airline maintains its refusal, the claim goes through an attempt at mediation before a consumer mediator and then, if that fails, a writ of summons before the court. Skip mediation and the judge may declare the claim inadmissible without examining the merits, as the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6ad372cd7a102021379722ff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">economic activities court of Nanterre did on 24 September 2026<\/a>. Keep the written claim, its date and the reply received: they determine when the mediator can be approached, which must be within the year following that claim under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032224802\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032224802\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 612-2 of the Consumer Code<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Is mediation compulsory before going to court?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>Yes, for claims based on the European regulation and brought since 7 February 2026. Article 1 of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000052052454\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000052052454\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Decree No. 2025-772 of 5 August 2025<\/a> makes the writ of summons subject to an attempt at mediation before a consumer mediator, under the conditions of Articles L. 612-1 to L. 612-3 of the Consumer Code. Inadmissibility is raised by the court of its own motion: the judge does not wait for the airline to raise it.<\/p><p>The text provides for two legitimate reasons for the absence of mediation: circumstances that made it impossible to approach the mediator within the one-year period following the written claim, or the mediator's unavailability where mediation had not succeeded within six months of the referral. Article 2 also removes inadmissibility where the claim was sent to the airline before the decree was published, on 7 August 2025, or where the triggering event dates back at least four years before 7 February 2026. For claims of 5,000 euros or less, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000047539064\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000047539064\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article 750-1 of the Code of Civil Procedure<\/a> already required a prior attempt at amicable resolution. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6a710a01195da062e07c537c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">judicial court of Toulouse<\/a> accordingly held admissible, on 31 July 2026, the claim of a passenger who \"shows that he or she approached the Tourism and Travel Mediator, which moreover issued a favourable opinion on his or her claim\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6a710a01195da062e07c537c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TJ Toulouse, 31 July 2026, No. 25\/02405<\/a>) (our translation).<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>What if the airline belongs to no known mediation scheme?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032224805\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032224805\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 612-1 of the Consumer Code<\/a> requires the trader to guarantee the consumer effective access to a consumer mediation scheme, and to allow the consumer to use the sector mediator where there is one. For air transport, the public information services direct passengers to the Tourism and Travel Mediator, after checking the list of its members.<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000052052454\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000052052454\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Decree No. 2025-772 of 5 August 2025<\/a> contains no exemption specific to an airline that is not a member. It accepts only two legitimate reasons: the impossibility of approaching the mediator within the one-year period following the written claim, and the mediator's unavailability where mediation has not succeeded within six months. Prudence therefore calls for identifying the mediator named in the airline's general terms, approaching it and keeping proof of every step, including a refusal to examine the case. The firm checks these points and, if mediation proves impossible, prepares the demonstration of the legitimate reason to be put to the judge. Among the decisions consulted for this page, none resolves the case of an airline that offers no mediator.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Can a claim still be brought before the court by a simple application?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>No, for claims based on the European regulation brought since 7 February 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000052052454\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000052052454\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Decree No. 2025-772 of 5 August 2025<\/a> requires a writ of summons, an act served on the airline by a commissaire de justice (bailiff). An application filed with the court registry exposes the passenger to inadmissibility, even where the airline does not appear at the hearing.<\/p><p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6aac6280c27382d09923b74c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">judicial court of Lorient<\/a> so held on 17 September 2026 for a passenger seeking compensation for a cancellation, noting that \"the present proceedings were not preceded by an attempt at conciliation and the court was not seised by writ of summons\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6aac6280c27382d09923b74c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TJ Lorient, 17 September 2026, No. 26\/00136<\/a>) (our translation). The claims were declared inadmissible and the passenger was ordered to pay the costs. The decree also governs grouping: a single writ of summons may bring together only passengers on the same flight linked by direct ancestry, collateral kinship up to the fourth degree, marriage, civil partnership or cohabitation. A group of friends or colleagues must therefore bring separate writs, which is prepared before the act is served.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>The airline invokes an extraordinary circumstance: should I believe it?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>Not without documents. Article 5(3) of <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/FR\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX:32004R0261\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Regulation (EC) No. 261\/2004 of 11 February 2004<\/a> relieves the airline of compensation if it proves an extraordinary circumstance that could not have been avoided even had all reasonable measures been taken. The burden of this twofold proof lies on the airline, and the ground must be examined against the documents it produces.<\/p><p>The Court of Cassation overturned a court that had relieved an airline of liability on the ground that Orly airport was closed at night, holding \"whereas such a regulation cannot constitute an extraordinary circumstance\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/602fcde60e18e166a242d756\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. 1re civ., 17 February 2021, No. 19-21.362<\/a>) (our translation). The Paris judicial court likewise ordered an airline to pay 600 euros for a delay of 3 hours 17 minutes on arrival, after examining the aircraft's rotation log (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/697a6bbacdc6046d47063f11\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TJ Paris, 8 January 2026, No. 24\/01802<\/a>). The outcome is not always favourable: the commercial court of Nice accepted the extraordinary circumstance based on the presence of insects on board the aircraft and rejected the claim of a claims company (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6a2cd5c5cdc6046d47213b92\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TC Nice, 22 April 2026, No. 2025RG01992<\/a>), a first-instance decision. The firm therefore asks for the supporting documents before incurring costs.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Who must prove the arrival time and the length of the delay?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>The passenger establishes the contract of carriage and the flight concerned. An airline that disputes owing compensation must then prove that it has discharged its obligation, in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032042341\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032042341\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article 1353 of the Civil Code<\/a>. The Court of Cassation drew a clear consequence from this for the length of the delay.<\/p><p>In a case where the aircraft, expected at Orly at 22:30, had landed at Roissy at 0:18, the court had rejected the claim for lack of proof of a delay of more than three hours. The Court quashed that judgment, holding that \"the court reversed the burden of proof and infringed the aforementioned texts\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/602fcde60e18e166a242d756\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. 1re civ., 17 February 2021, No. 19-21.362<\/a>) (our translation). The delay is measured on arrival at the final destination shown on the ticket, not at departure. Where the aircraft lands at another airport, it is therefore for the airline to show the time at which the passenger reached the final destination. In practice, the passenger is well advised to produce a record of actual times, a delay certificate or dated screenshots, even though the burden of proving the contrary lies on the airline.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>I no longer have my boarding pass: is my claim lost?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>Not necessarily. For a delayed flight, Article 3(2) of the Regulation makes its application subject to a confirmed booking and to presentation at check-in, a condition that the text sets aside in the event of cancellation and that does not concern a passenger transferred to another flight. In 2018, the Court of Cassation had approved the rejection of a claim because the documents produced did not show that the passengers had presented themselves at check-in (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/5fca9b6e7dee8290d47e88f8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. 1re civ., 14 February 2018, No. 16-23.205<\/a>). That solution, unfavourable to the passenger, is no longer followed.<\/p><p>Following an order of the Court of Justice of the European Union of 24 October 2019, the Court of Cassation held that passengers on a flight delayed by three hours or more \"cannot be refused compensation under that regulation on the sole ground that, when claiming compensation, they did not prove that they had presented themselves at check-in\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/5fca2e32e71e814e73567c4f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. 1re civ., 21 October 2020, No. 19-13.016<\/a>) (our translation). It is then for the airline to show that the passenger was not carried on the delayed flight. The confirmed booking, the emails received during the disruption and the re-routing details become the central documents in the file.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Which court should I go to when the airline is foreign?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>Where the airline is not domiciled in a Member State, the Court of Cassation applies <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006410145\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006410145\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article 46 of the Code of Civil Procedure<\/a>, which allows a claim to be brought, besides the defendant's court, before the court of the place where the service is performed. In the case of a flight from France to Tunis, the court of appeal had refused jurisdiction of the place of departure by applying articles of the Civil Aviation Code that refer to the Montreal Convention; its judgment was quashed (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/636b6d1367b11ddcd1c423ba\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. 1re civ., 9 November 2022, No. 21-11.304<\/a>).<\/p><p>The Regulation must still apply. For a flight from a third country to the Union, it applies only if the operating carrier is a Union carrier. The Court of Cassation quashed, to the passenger's detriment, a judgment that had awarded compensation \"without finding that the company was a Community carrier\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/5fca670264038950443c8734\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. 1re civ., 26 September 2019, No. 18-21.188<\/a>) (our translation). The firm therefore checks the direction of the flight, the airline that actually operated it and its registered office before choosing the court. For an airline established in another Member State, jurisdiction is determined by the European rules, which the firm examines case by case.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>The airline has offered me a voucher: should I accept it?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>You are not obliged to. Article 7(3) of <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/FR\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX:32004R0261\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Regulation (EC) No. 261\/2004 of 11 February 2004<\/a> provides for payment in cash, by bank transfer or by cheque, and allows payment in travel vouchers or other services only with the passenger's signed agreement. A voucher whose value or terms of use do not suit you may therefore be refused, and payment in money claimed.<\/p><p>Article 15 of the same Regulation prohibits limiting or waiving obligations towards passengers by a derogation or a clause in the contract of carriage. It allows a passenger who was not properly informed of their rights and accepted lower compensation to bring an action for additional compensation. Before signing anything, compare the offer with the amount applicable to the distance of the flight and keep the written offer, its date and its terms. A quantified offer may also work in your favour: the judicial court of Lyon saw in one an acknowledgement of the right that had interrupted the limitation period (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6a51448e93c619cd1fb1c481\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TJ Lyon, 2 June 2026, No. 25\/02044<\/a>).<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Can I obtain more than the flat-rate compensation?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>Yes, on two separate conditions. Article 12 of <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/FR\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX:32004R0261\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Regulation (EC) No. 261\/2004 of 11 February 2004<\/a> first reserves the passenger's right to additional compensation, from which the flat-rate compensation may be deducted. That separate loss, different from the meal or hotel costs that Article 9 places directly on the airline, must be proved by documents (a missed business appointment, a lost service) and rest on a ground of liability whose conditions are met. The Court of Cassation overturned a court that had rejected such a claim \"without it appearing from its decision that it examined the documents produced by the company Les jardins de Copp\u00e9lia in support of its claim for additional compensation\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6825816360bc8fffffa9077b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. 1re civ., 14 May 2025, No. 24-10.520<\/a>) (our translation).<\/p><p>A prolonged refusal to pay may then justify damages for abusive resistance. The Toulouse judicial court awarded 100 euros to a passenger whose steps and formal notice had gone unanswered, holding that \"This attitude amounts to abusive resistance on the part of the company AIR ALGERIE\" (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6a710a01195da062e07c537c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TJ Toulouse, 31 July 2026, No. 25\/02405<\/a>) (our translation). The Lyon judicial court refused the same claim, for lack of established malice or bad faith (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6a51448e93c619cd1fb1c481\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TJ Lyon, 2 June 2026, No. 25\/02044<\/a>). Interest at the statutory rate runs under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032010133\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032010133\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article 1231-6 of the Civil Code<\/a>.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>How much time is left to act after the refusal?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>An action for payment of the flat-rate compensation falls under the five-year ordinary limitation period of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000019017112\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000019017112\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article 2224 of the Civil Code<\/a>, which runs from the day the passenger knew or should have known the facts enabling them to act. The Lyon judicial court applies this ordinary period to an action based on the European regulation, running it from the date of the flight in dispute.<\/p><p>The airline's refusal does not start a new period. An acknowledgement of the right, on the other hand, interrupts it, under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000019017366\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000019017366\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article 2240 of the Civil Code<\/a>. The Lyon judicial court held admissible, in June 2026, the claim of a passenger whose flight dated from 24 June 2017: an email from the airline of 22 January 2022, agreeing to pay 250 euros, amounted to an acknowledgement despite the statement that liability was not admitted, and the airline was ordered to pay that sum (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6a51448e93c619cd1fb1c481\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TJ Lyon, 2 June 2026, No. 25\/02044<\/a>). Two periods now overlap: the one-year period to approach the mediator after the written claim, and the five-year period to issue the writ. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032042671\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032042671\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article 2238 of the Civil Code<\/a> also suspends the limitation period from the parties' agreement to use mediation or, failing written agreement, from the first meeting, the mere referral to the mediator not always being enough. The firm calculates these periods together from the first exchange.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Do I need a lawyer to claim compensation?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>The law does not require one for a claim of small value. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000051869371\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000051869371\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article 761 of the Code of Civil Procedure<\/a> removes the requirement to appoint a lawyer, before the judicial court, where the claim is for 10,000 euros or less. A passenger may therefore claim alone, provided that they comply with prior mediation, service of the writ by a commissaire de justice and the grouping rules set by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000052052454\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000052052454\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Decree No. 2025-772 of 5 August 2025<\/a>.<\/p><p>A lawyer's involvement is justified where the airline raises a serious ground, where several passengers of the same family wish to act together, where a first judgment of inadmissibility has been given or where a separate loss is added to the flat-rate compensation. The firm first examines the documents and the chronology, then indicates whether the file justifies proceedings and on what terms. The preliminary case review is offered at 80 euros incl. VAT; no other sum is committed without written agreement on how the engagement is to continue. The costs of serving the writ of summons remain to be advanced by the claimant.<\/p><\/div><\/details><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-textes\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-textes\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">Sources and related pages<\/p>\n<h2>Official texts and <em>related pages<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">The sources for this page and the firm's related areas of practice.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-arts\"><a class=\"kcv-art\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/FR\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX:32004R0261\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Regulation (EC) No. 261\/2004<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">compensation and assistance for air passengers<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000052052454\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/jorf\/id\/JORFTEXT000052052454\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Decree No. 2025-772 of 5 August 2025<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">writ of summons and compulsory prior mediation<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000047539064\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000047539064\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article 750-1 of the Code of Civil Procedure<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">prior attempt at amicable resolution<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006410145\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006410145\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article 46 of the Code of Civil Procedure<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">court of the place where the service is performed<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000051869371\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000051869371\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article 761 of the Code of Civil Procedure<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">no requirement to appoint a lawyer<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032224805\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032224805\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 612-1 of the Consumer Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">right to a consumer mediator<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032224802\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032224802\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 612-2 of the Consumer Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">conditions for examination by the mediator<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000019017112\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000019017112\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article 2224 of the Civil Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">five-year limitation period<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000019017366\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000019017366\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article 2240 of the Civil Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">interruption by the debtor's acknowledgement<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032042671\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032042671\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article 2238 of the Civil Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">suspension of limitation by mediation<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032042341\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032042341\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article 1353 of the Civil Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">burden of proof<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032010133\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000032010133\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article 1231-6 of the Civil Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">default interest<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art\" href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/eli\/reg\/2026\/2202\/oj?locale=fr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Regulation (EU) 2026\/2202<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">revision applicable from 23 October 2027<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"kcv-center\">Further reading<\/h3>\n<div class=\"kcv-pgs\"><a class=\"kcv-pg\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/aviation-law-lawyer-paris\/\"><span class=\"kcv-pg-t\">Aviation law<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pg-s\">Firm practice area<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-pg\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/air-accident-lawyer-paris\/\"><span class=\"kcv-pg-t\">Air accident<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pg-s\">Firm practice area<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-pg\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/greve-compagnie-aerienne-vol-annule-indemnisation-reacheminement-passager\/\"><span class=\"kcv-pg-t\">Strike and cancelled flight<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pg-s\">Firm practice area<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-pg\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/kenya-airways-agence-paris-vol-annule-retarde-remboursement-indemnisation-2026\/\"><span class=\"kcv-pg-t\">Foreign airline in Paris<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pg-s\">Firm practice area<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-pg\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/compagnie-aerienne-francaise-difficulte-billet-paye-reclamer-faillite-2026\/\"><span class=\"kcv-pg-t\">Airline in difficulty<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pg-s\">Firm practice area<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<p class=\"kcv-small kcv-center\">Page updated on 1 November 2026.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"kcv-cta\">\n  <div class=\"kcv-in\">\n    <div class=\"kcv-cta-card\">\n      <h2>An airline refuses to pay or no longer replies? Take stock <em>today<\/em>.<\/h2>\n      <p>Send the booking, the claim and the reply received: the firm checks the right to compensation, the time limits running and the step to complete before going to court.<\/p>\n      <div class=\"kcv-btns\">\n        <a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-tel\" href=\"tel:+33646605822\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 16.9v3a2 2 0 0 1-2.2 2 19.8 19.8 0 0 1-8.6-3.1 19.5 19.5 0 0 1-6-6A19.8 19.8 0 0 1 2.1 4.2 2 2 0 0 1 4.1 2h3a2 2 0 0 1 2 1.7c.1.9.4 1.8.7 2.7a2 2 0 0 1-.5 2.1L8 9.8a16 16 0 0 0 6 6l1.3-1.3a2 2 0 0 1 2.1-.4c.9.3 1.8.6 2.7.7a2 2 0 0 1 1.7 2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Call the firm<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">06&nbsp;46&nbsp;60&nbsp;58&nbsp;22<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n        <a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-mail\" href=\"#kch-form\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"2.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"19\" height=\"15\" rx=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m3.5 6.5 8.5 6.5 8.5-6.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Send your documents<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">confidential form<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"kcv-news-band\"><h2>The latest <em>news.<\/em><\/h2><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"The airline refuses to compensate me: what can I do?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"A refusal does not extinguish your right. The first step is to identify the exact ground put forward by the airline, because each ground calls for a different response: extraordinary circumstances, a delay allegedly of under three hours, no proof of boarding, a flight outside the scope of Regulation (EC) No. 261\/2004 of 11 February 2004, or a claim held to be out of time. The firm compares that ground with the travel documents and with the decisions given in comparable situations. Since 7 February 2026, what follows is governed by Decree No. 2025-772 of 5 August 2025. If the airline maintains its refusal, the claim goes through an attempt at mediation before a consumer mediator and then, if that fails, a writ of summons before the court. Skip mediation and the judge may declare the claim inadmissible without examining the merits, as the economic activities court of Nanterre did on 24 September 2026. Keep the written claim, its date and the reply received: they determine when the mediator can be approached, which must be within the year following that claim under Article L. 612-2 of the Consumer Code.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is mediation compulsory before going to court?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes, for claims based on the European regulation and brought since 7 February 2026. Article 1 of Decree No. 2025-772 of 5 August 2025 makes the writ of summons subject to an attempt at mediation before a consumer mediator, under the conditions of Articles L. 612-1 to L. 612-3 of the Consumer Code. Inadmissibility is raised by the court of its own motion: the judge does not wait for the airline to raise it. The text provides for two legitimate reasons for the absence of mediation: circumstances that made it impossible to approach the mediator within the one-year period following the written claim, or the mediator's unavailability where mediation had not succeeded within six months of the referral. Article 2 also removes inadmissibility where the claim was sent to the airline before the decree was published, on 7 August 2025, or where the triggering event dates back at least four years before 7 February 2026. For claims of 5,000 euros or less, Article 750-1 of the Code of Civil Procedure already required a prior attempt at amicable resolution. The judicial court of Toulouse accordingly held admissible, on 31 July 2026, the claim of a passenger who \\\"shows that he or she approached the Tourism and Travel Mediator, which moreover issued a favourable opinion on his or her claim\\\" (TJ Toulouse, 31 July 2026, No. 25\/02405) (our translation).\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What if the airline belongs to no known mediation scheme?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Article L. 612-1 of the Consumer Code requires the trader to guarantee the consumer effective access to a consumer mediation scheme, and to allow the consumer to use the sector mediator where there is one. For air transport, the public information services direct passengers to the Tourism and Travel Mediator, after checking the list of its members. Decree No. 2025-772 of 5 August 2025 contains no exemption specific to an airline that is not a member. It accepts only two legitimate reasons: the impossibility of approaching the mediator within the one-year period following the written claim, and the mediator's unavailability where mediation has not succeeded within six months. Prudence therefore calls for identifying the mediator named in the airline's general terms, approaching it and keeping proof of every step, including a refusal to examine the case. The firm checks these points and, if mediation proves impossible, prepares the demonstration of the legitimate reason to be put to the judge. Among the decisions consulted for this page, none resolves the case of an airline that offers no mediator.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can a claim still be brought before the court by a simple application?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"No, for claims based on the European regulation brought since 7 February 2026. Decree No. 2025-772 of 5 August 2025 requires a writ of summons, an act served on the airline by a commissaire de justice (bailiff). An application filed with the court registry exposes the passenger to inadmissibility, even where the airline does not appear at the hearing. The judicial court of Lorient so held on 17 September 2026 for a passenger seeking compensation for a cancellation, noting that \\\"the present proceedings were not preceded by an attempt at conciliation and the court was not seised by writ of summons\\\" (TJ Lorient, 17 September 2026, No. 26\/00136) (our translation). The claims were declared inadmissible and the passenger was ordered to pay the costs. The decree also governs grouping: a single writ of summons may bring together only passengers on the same flight linked by direct ancestry, collateral kinship up to the fourth degree, marriage, civil partnership or cohabitation. A group of friends or colleagues must therefore bring separate writs, which is prepared before the act is served.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"The airline invokes an extraordinary circumstance: should I believe it?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Not without documents. Article 5(3) of Regulation (EC) No. 261\/2004 of 11 February 2004 relieves the airline of compensation if it proves an extraordinary circumstance that could not have been avoided even had all reasonable measures been taken. The burden of this twofold proof lies on the airline, and the ground must be examined against the documents it produces. The Court of Cassation overturned a court that had relieved an airline of liability on the ground that Orly airport was closed at night, holding \\\"whereas such a regulation cannot constitute an extraordinary circumstance\\\" (Cass. 1re civ., 17 February 2021, No. 19-21.362) (our translation). The Paris judicial court likewise ordered an airline to pay 600 euros for a delay of 3 hours 17 minutes on arrival, after examining the aircraft's rotation log (TJ Paris, 8 January 2026, No. 24\/01802). The outcome is not always favourable: the commercial court of Nice accepted the extraordinary circumstance based on the presence of insects on board the aircraft and rejected the claim of a claims company (TC Nice, 22 April 2026, No. 2025RG01992), a first-instance decision. The firm therefore asks for the supporting documents before incurring costs.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who must prove the arrival time and the length of the delay?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The passenger establishes the contract of carriage and the flight concerned. An airline that disputes owing compensation must then prove that it has discharged its obligation, in accordance with Article 1353 of the Civil Code. The Court of Cassation drew a clear consequence from this for the length of the delay. In a case where the aircraft, expected at Orly at 22:30, had landed at Roissy at 0:18, the court had rejected the claim for lack of proof of a delay of more than three hours. The Court quashed that judgment, holding that \\\"the court reversed the burden of proof and infringed the aforementioned texts\\\" (Cass. 1re civ., 17 February 2021, No. 19-21.362) (our translation). The delay is measured on arrival at the final destination shown on the ticket, not at departure. Where the aircraft lands at another airport, it is therefore for the airline to show the time at which the passenger reached the final destination. In practice, the passenger is well advised to produce a record of actual times, a delay certificate or dated screenshots, even though the burden of proving the contrary lies on the airline.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"I no longer have my boarding pass: is my claim lost?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Not necessarily. For a delayed flight, Article 3(2) of the Regulation makes its application subject to a confirmed booking and to presentation at check-in, a condition that the text sets aside in the event of cancellation and that does not concern a passenger transferred to another flight. In 2018, the Court of Cassation had approved the rejection of a claim because the documents produced did not show that the passengers had presented themselves at check-in (Cass. 1re civ., 14 February 2018, No. 16-23.205). That solution, unfavourable to the passenger, is no longer followed. Following an order of the Court of Justice of the European Union of 24 October 2019, the Court of Cassation held that passengers on a flight delayed by three hours or more \\\"cannot be refused compensation under that regulation on the sole ground that, when claiming compensation, they did not prove that they had presented themselves at check-in\\\" (Cass. 1re civ., 21 October 2020, No. 19-13.016) (our translation). It is then for the airline to show that the passenger was not carried on the delayed flight. The confirmed booking, the emails received during the disruption and the re-routing details become the central documents in the file.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Which court should I go to when the airline is foreign?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Where the airline is not domiciled in a Member State, the Court of Cassation applies Article 46 of the Code of Civil Procedure, which allows a claim to be brought, besides the defendant's court, before the court of the place where the service is performed. In the case of a flight from France to Tunis, the court of appeal had refused jurisdiction of the place of departure by applying articles of the Civil Aviation Code that refer to the Montreal Convention; its judgment was quashed (Cass. 1re civ., 9 November 2022, No. 21-11.304). The Regulation must still apply. For a flight from a third country to the Union, it applies only if the operating carrier is a Union carrier. The Court of Cassation quashed, to the passenger's detriment, a judgment that had awarded compensation \\\"without finding that the company was a Community carrier\\\" (Cass. 1re civ., 26 September 2019, No. 18-21.188) (our translation). The firm therefore checks the direction of the flight, the airline that actually operated it and its registered office before choosing the court. For an airline established in another Member State, jurisdiction is determined by the European rules, which the firm examines case by case.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"The airline has offered me a voucher: should I accept it?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"You are not obliged to. Article 7(3) of Regulation (EC) No. 261\/2004 of 11 February 2004 provides for payment in cash, by bank transfer or by cheque, and allows payment in travel vouchers or other services only with the passenger's signed agreement. A voucher whose value or terms of use do not suit you may therefore be refused, and payment in money claimed. Article 15 of the same Regulation prohibits limiting or waiving obligations towards passengers by a derogation or a clause in the contract of carriage. It allows a passenger who was not properly informed of their rights and accepted lower compensation to bring an action for additional compensation. Before signing anything, compare the offer with the amount applicable to the distance of the flight and keep the written offer, its date and its terms. A quantified offer may also work in your favour: the judicial court of Lyon saw in one an acknowledgement of the right that had interrupted the limitation period (TJ Lyon, 2 June 2026, No. 25\/02044).\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can I obtain more than the flat-rate compensation?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes, on two separate conditions. Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No. 261\/2004 of 11 February 2004 first reserves the passenger's right to additional compensation, from which the flat-rate compensation may be deducted. That separate loss, different from the meal or hotel costs that Article 9 places directly on the airline, must be proved by documents (a missed business appointment, a lost service) and rest on a ground of liability whose conditions are met. The Court of Cassation overturned a court that had rejected such a claim \\\"without it appearing from its decision that it examined the documents produced by the company Les jardins de Copp\u00e9lia in support of its claim for additional compensation\\\" (Cass. 1re civ., 14 May 2025, No. 24-10.520) (our translation). A prolonged refusal to pay may then justify damages for abusive resistance. The Toulouse judicial court awarded 100 euros to a passenger whose steps and formal notice had gone unanswered, holding that \\\"This attitude amounts to abusive resistance on the part of the company AIR ALGERIE\\\" (TJ Toulouse, 31 July 2026, No. 25\/02405) (our translation). The Lyon judicial court refused the same claim, for lack of established malice or bad faith (TJ Lyon, 2 June 2026, No. 25\/02044). Interest at the statutory rate runs under Article 1231-6 of the Civil Code.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How much time is left to act after the refusal?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"An action for payment of the flat-rate compensation falls under the five-year ordinary limitation period of Article 2224 of the Civil Code, which runs from the day the passenger knew or should have known the facts enabling them to act. The Lyon judicial court applies this ordinary period to an action based on the European regulation, running it from the date of the flight in dispute. The airline's refusal does not start a new period. An acknowledgement of the right, on the other hand, interrupts it, under Article 2240 of the Civil Code. The Lyon judicial court held admissible, in June 2026, the claim of a passenger whose flight dated from 24 June 2017: an email from the airline of 22 January 2022, agreeing to pay 250 euros, amounted to an acknowledgement despite the statement that liability was not admitted, and the airline was ordered to pay that sum (TJ Lyon, 2 June 2026, No. 25\/02044). Two periods now overlap: the one-year period to approach the mediator after the written claim, and the five-year period to issue the writ. Article 2238 of the Civil Code also suspends the limitation period from the parties' agreement to use mediation or, failing written agreement, from the first meeting, the mere referral to the mediator not always being enough. The firm calculates these periods together from the first exchange.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Do I need a lawyer to claim compensation?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The law does not require one for a claim of small value. Article 761 of the Code of Civil Procedure removes the requirement to appoint a lawyer, before the judicial court, where the claim is for 10,000 euros or less. A passenger may therefore claim alone, provided that they comply with prior mediation, service of the writ by a commissaire de justice and the grouping rules set by Decree No. 2025-772 of 5 August 2025. A lawyer's involvement is justified where the airline raises a serious ground, where several passengers of the same family wish to act together, where a first judgment of inadmissibility has been given or where a separate loss is added to the flat-rate compensation. The firm first examines the documents and the chronology, then indicates whether the file justifies proceedings and on what terms. The preliminary case review is offered at 80 euros incl. VAT; no other sum is committed without written agreement on how the engagement is to continue. 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Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2157083 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2157083 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/tim-schmidbauer-EnC5f7At4ac-unsplash-1-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2157083 post-2157083 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/25\/foreign-company-france-unpaid-invoice-penalties-injonction-payer-abroad\/\">Your French Client Has Not Paid: Late-Payment Penalties, the 40 Euro Fee and the Injunction-to-Pay While You Live Abroad<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2157055 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2157055 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/allison-saeng-Hpw4nI_QUWQ-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2157055 post-2157055 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/25\/foreign-company-france-corporate-bank-account-refusal-abroad\/\">Your French Bank Won&#8217;t Open a Corporate Account While You Live Abroad: Right to an Account, Banque de France Designation and the Anti-Money-Laundering Wall<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2157013 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2157013 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/getty-images-p1ZW7qeVRyE-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2157013 post-2157013 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/25\/foreign-company-france-sas-pay-abroad-salary-dividends-management-fees\/\">Your French SAS Pays You While You Live Abroad: Salary, Dividends or Management Fees<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2156883 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2156883 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/getty-images-p1ZW7qeVRyE-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2156883 post-2156883 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/25\/foreign-company-france-sas-capital-increase-cash-call-filing-abroad\/\">Your French SAS Needs Cash From Abroad: Increase Capital, Call Up Unpaid Shares or Lend Instead \u2014 Filing and New Kbis Without Flying to Paris<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2156702 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2156702 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/pawel-czerwinski-mIT9kEQBC6Q-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2156702 post-2156702 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/24\/foreign-company-france-hire-first-employee-dpae-contract-trial-pay-abroad\/\">Hiring Your First French Employee While You Live Abroad: DPAE, Contract, Trial Period, Pay and Registration<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2156668 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2156668 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/alex-vasey-F5HtPjpBb9k-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2156668 post-2156668 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/24\/foreign-company-france-management-fees-transfer-pricing-file-defence-abroad\/\">Your French Subsidiary Pays Management Fees to Its Foreign Parent While You Live Abroad: Transfer Pricing File, Deduction and Reassessment Defence<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2156642 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2156642 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/shubham-dhage-ICCn56-jyuw-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2156642 post-2156642 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/24\/foreign-company-france-shareholder-loan-compte-courant-abroad\/\">Your French Subsidiary Needs Cash From Abroad: Shareholder Loans (Compte Courant d&#8217;Associe), Interest, Approval and Getting Repaid<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. 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A flight delay lawyer in Paris can step in once the airline has rejected the claim, offered vouchers, invoked an extraordinary circumstance without evidence or simply fallen silent: the refusal opens a second, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":251031307,"featured_media":2157167,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2161331","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.2 (Yoast SEO v28.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Flight Delay Lawyer Paris | Kohen Avocats<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Flight delay lawyer Paris: Kohen Avocats checks the airline&#039;s refusal, mediation and writ of summons before court. 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