{"id":2161273,"date":"2026-11-01T23:35:54","date_gmt":"2026-11-01T22:35:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/?page_id=2161273"},"modified":"2026-11-04T19:38:14","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T18:38:14","slug":"administrative-closure-lawyer-paris","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\/","title":{"rendered":"Administrative closure lawyer in Paris"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2161273\" class=\"elementor elementor-2161273 elementor-2160683\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-v5bd59a e-con-full e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"v5bd59a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-v5bd59aw elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"v5bd59aw\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"kcv\" id=\"kci-root\" data-refresh-marker=\"expertise-fr-avocat-fermeture-administrative-paris-20261101\">\n<section class=\"kcv-hero\" aria-labelledby=\"kch-h1\">\n  <div class=\"kcv-in\">\n    <div class=\"kcv-head\">\n      <p class=\"kk\">Bar, restaurant, nightclub: order of the Paris Police Prefect, adversarial procedure, urgent application and duration<\/p>\n      <h1 id=\"kch-h1\"><em>Administrative closure<\/em> lawyer in Paris:<span class=\"kcv-tail\"> reply to the prefect, apply to the urgent applications judge, challenge the duration.<\/span><\/h1>\n      <p class=\"kcv-sub\">An administrative closure lawyer in Paris deals with the closure of a restaurant, bar or nightclub, where the order comes from the Police Prefect (pr\u00e9fet de police). Before the decision, the operator may submit observations. Afterwards, the urgent applications judge may suspend the measure if urgency and unlawfulness are shown by precise documents.<\/p>\n      <div class=\"kcv-btns\">\n        <a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-tel\" href=\"tel:+33646605822\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 16.9v3a2 2 0 0 1-2.2 2 19.8 19.8 0 0 1-8.6-3.1 19.5 19.5 0 0 1-6-6A19.8 19.8 0 0 1 2.1 4.2 2 2 0 0 1 4.1 2h3a2 2 0 0 1 2 1.7c.1.9.4 1.8.7 2.7a2 2 0 0 1-.5 2.1L8 9.8a16 16 0 0 0 6 6l1.3-1.3a2 2 0 0 1 2.1-.4c.9.3 1.8.6 2.7.7a2 2 0 0 1 1.7 2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Call the firm<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">06&nbsp;46&nbsp;60&nbsp;58&nbsp;22<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n        <a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-mail\" href=\"#kch-form\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"2.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"19\" height=\"15\" rx=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m3.5 6.5 8.5 6.5 8.5-6.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Send your documents<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">confidential form<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n      <\/div>\n      <p class=\"kcv-urg\">The time allowed to reply to the prefect's letter of intent is short. A written reply, a request for a hearing and up-to-date accounts then weigh on the outcome of the urgent application.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcv-stagewrap\"><div class=\"kcv-stageshadow\"><div class=\"kcv-stage\">\n      <link rel=\"preload\" as=\"image\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-v3-expertises\/kohen-fr-saisie-attribution-paysage-20261025.webp\" media=\"(min-width:761px)\" fetchpriority=\"high\">\n      <link rel=\"preload\" as=\"image\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-v3-expertises\/kohen-fr-saisie-attribution-paysage-1080-20261025.webp\" media=\"(max-width:760px)\" fetchpriority=\"high\">\n      <div class=\"kcv-media\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"--kcv-img:url('https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-v3-expertises\/kohen-fr-saisie-attribution-paysage-20261025.webp');--kcv-img-m:url('https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-v3-expertises\/kohen-fr-saisie-attribution-paysage-1080-20261025.webp')\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"kcv-panel kcv-glass\" id=\"kch-form\">\n        <div class=\"kcv-panel-head\">\n          <div>\n            <p class=\"kcv-panel-k\">Administrative closure \u00b7 Paris<\/p>\n            <h2 class=\"kcv-panel-t\">Get a <em>first analysis<\/em><\/h2>\n            <p class=\"kcv-panel-l\">Send the letter of intent or the order, any police reports received, your observations if any and the latest accounting documents: the firm will examine the procedure followed, the legal basis relied on and the appropriate means of challenge.<\/p>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"kcv-chip kcv-glass\"><p class=\"kcv-chip-n\">24 \u00e0 48 h<\/p><p class=\"kcv-chip-x\">first legal<br>review<\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"kcf-wrap\">\n<form id=\"kcf-2form\" data-kcf data-api-url=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-json\/kohen-form\/v1\/submit\" data-vps-url=\"https:\/\/upload-fr.46-224-152-225.sslip.io\/submit\" data-max-size=\"1073741824\" data-max-files=\"500\" novalidate enctype=\"multipart\/form-data\">\n  <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"rendered_at\" value=\"1776847557\">\n  <div class=\"kcf-hp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><label for=\"kcf-2website\">Do not fill in<\/label><input id=\"kcf-2website\" name=\"website\" type=\"text\" tabindex=\"-1\" autocomplete=\"off\"><\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcf-price\">\n    <span class=\"kcf-price-amount\">\u20ac80<small>incl. VAT<\/small><\/span>\n    <div class=\"kcf-price-body\">\n      <p class=\"kcf-price-text\"><strong>Preliminary review of your case.<\/strong> Examination of your documents and a first written analysis by Reda Kohen, within 24 to 48 business hours. Payment is made online after this form is sent.<\/p>\n      <ul class=\"kcf-price-meta\">\n        <li>Up to 1 GB of documents, folders and subfolders accepted<\/li>\n        <li>Secure payment, no banking data stored<\/li>\n        <li><a href=\"\/conditions-etude-prealable\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Terms and fee agreement<\/a><\/li>\n      <\/ul>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcf-row\">\n    <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n      <label class=\"kcf-label\" for=\"kcf-2name\">Full name<\/label>\n      <input class=\"kcf-input\" type=\"text\" id=\"kcf-2name\" name=\"name\" placeholder=\"Your name\" required autocomplete=\"name\" aria-describedby=\"kcf-2name-err\">\n      <p class=\"kcf-field-error\" id=\"kcf-2name-err\" role=\"alert\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n      <label class=\"kcf-label\" for=\"kcf-2phone\">Telephone <span class=\"kcf-optional\">(optional)<\/span><\/label>\n      <input class=\"kcf-input\" type=\"tel\" inputmode=\"tel\" id=\"kcf-2phone\" name=\"phone\" placeholder=\"06 00 00 00 00\" autocomplete=\"tel\" aria-describedby=\"kcf-2phone-err\">\n      <p class=\"kcf-field-error\" id=\"kcf-2phone-err\" role=\"alert\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n    <label class=\"kcf-label\" for=\"kcf-2email\">Email address<\/label>\n    <input class=\"kcf-input\" type=\"email\" id=\"kcf-2email\" name=\"email\" placeholder=\"your@email.com\" required autocomplete=\"email\" spellcheck=\"false\" autocapitalize=\"off\" aria-describedby=\"kcf-2email-err\">\n    <p class=\"kcf-field-error\" id=\"kcf-2email-err\" role=\"alert\"><\/p>\n  <\/div>\n  \n  <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n    <label class=\"kcf-label\" for=\"kcf-2message\">Message<\/label>\n    <textarea class=\"kcf-textarea\" id=\"kcf-2message\" name=\"message\" placeholder=\"Briefly describe your situation...\" required aria-describedby=\"kcf-2message-err\"><\/textarea>\n    <p class=\"kcf-field-error\" id=\"kcf-2message-err\" role=\"alert\"><\/p>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n    <label class=\"kcf-label\">Attachments <span class=\"kcf-optional\">(optional, 500 files max, 1 GB)<\/span><\/label>\n    <div class=\"kcf-dropzone\" id=\"kcf-2dropzone\">\n      <svg class=\"kcf-dropzone-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M21 15v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\/><polyline points=\"17 8 12 3 7 8\"\/><line x1=\"12\" y1=\"3\" x2=\"12\" y2=\"15\"\/><\/svg>\n      <p class=\"kcf-dropzone-text\"><strong>Click<\/strong> or drag your files here<br>All formats accepted (PDF, Word, images, etc.)<\/p>\n      <input type=\"file\" name=\"attachments\" id=\"kcf-2files\" multiple>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcf-file-list\" id=\"kcf-2filelist\"><\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcf-progress\" id=\"kcf-2progress\">\n      <div class=\"kcf-progress-bar\"><div class=\"kcf-progress-fill\" id=\"kcf-2progressfill\"><\/div><\/div>\n      <p class=\"kcf-progress-text\" id=\"kcf-2progresstext\">Sending...<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <button type=\"submit\" class=\"kcf-btn\">\n    <span class=\"kcf-spinner\"><\/span>\n    <span class=\"kcf-btn-text\">Pay \u20ac80 and send my case<\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"kcf-msg\" role=\"status\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><\/div>\n  <p class=\"kcf-note\">Payment constitutes a request for immediate performance of your analysis. Your data is used only to process your request. <a href=\"\/conditions-etude-prealable\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Terms<\/a> \u00b7 <a href=\"\/politique-de-confidentialite\/\">Privacy policy<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/form>\n      <\/div>\n      <\/div><\/div>\n      <div class=\"kcv-press knp\">\n<style>\n    .kcv-press.knp ul.knp__ruban{animation-duration:132s}@media (max-width:600px){.kcv-press.knp ul.knp__ruban{animation-duration:96s}}\n    .knp .knp__piste:hover ul.knp__ruban,.knp.knp--ouvert ul.knp__ruban{animation-play-state:paused}\n    .knp .knp__piste:has(button:focus-visible) ul.knp__ruban{animation:none}\n    .knp button.knp__logo{all:unset;box-sizing:border-box;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;height:100%;cursor:pointer;transition:transform .2s ease}\n    .knp button.knp__logo:hover{transform:scale(1.05)}\n    .knp button.knp__logo:active{transform:scale(.97)}\n    .knp button.knp__logo:focus-visible{outline:2px solid #1F4FA8;outline-offset:4px;border-radius:6px}\n    \/* Fen\u00eatre : reprise de la fen\u00eatre de r\u00e9ponse de la FAQ de l'accueil (kfv-dialog). *\/\n    .knp dialog.knp__dlg{width:min(640px,calc(100vw - 32px));max-height:min(80vh,760px);box-sizing:border-box;margin:auto;padding:0;border:0;border-radius:20px;background:#fff;color:#424245;box-shadow:0 30px 90px rgba(0,0,0,.28),0 0 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,.05);overflow:visible;flex-direction:column;font-family:Inter,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,\"Helvetica Neue\",Arial,sans-serif;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}\n    .knp dialog.knp__dlg[open]{display:flex}\n    .knp dialog.knp__dlg::backdrop{background:rgba(20,20,24,.34);-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(6px);backdrop-filter:blur(6px)}\n    .knp .knp__tete{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:16px;padding:24px 26px 0 32px}\n    .knp .knp__tete img{display:block;width:auto;max-width:140px;height:22px;object-fit:contain;margin-right:auto}\n    .knp .knp__tete img.knp--fixe{filter:brightness(0)}\n    .knp .knp__fermer{flex:none;display:grid;place-items:center;width:30px;height:30px;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;border-radius:50%;background:#f2f2f4;color:#6e6e73;cursor:pointer}\n    .knp .knp__fermer:hover{background:#e8e8ed;color:#1d1d1f}\n    .knp .knp__fermer:focus-visible{outline:2px solid #1F4FA8;outline-offset:2px}\n    .knp .knp__rail{display:flex;flex:1 1 auto;min-height:0;overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden;scroll-snap-type:x mandatory;overscroll-behavior-x:contain;scrollbar-width:none}\n    .knp .knp__rail::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}\n    .knp .knp__art{flex:0 0 100%;box-sizing:border-box;scroll-snap-align:start;overflow-y:auto;padding:18px 32px 10px}\n    .knp .knp__video{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;aspect-ratio:16\/9;border-radius:10px;background:#000;margin:0 0 8px}\n    .knp .knp__meta{margin:0 0 8px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.4;color:#86868b}\n    .knp h3.knp__titre-art{margin:0 0 14px;font-family:inherit;font-size:20px;font-weight:650;line-height:1.3;letter-spacing:-.02em;text-transform:none;color:#1d1d1f;text-wrap:pretty}\n    .knp .knp__citation{display:block;margin:0;padding:0 0 0 14px;border-left:2px solid #d2d2d7;font-size:15.5px;line-height:1.7;font-style:italic;color:#424245;quotes:none}\n    .knp .knp__citation::before,.knp .knp__citation::after{content:\"\"}\n    .knp .knp__extrait{margin:0;font-size:15.5px;line-height:1.7;color:#424245}\n    .knp .knp__pied{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:16px;margin:0;padding:14px 32px 20px;border-top:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.07);font-size:14px;color:#6e6e73}\n    .knp a.knp__lire{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;color:#1F4FA8;font-weight:500;text-decoration:none}\n    .knp a.knp__lire:hover span{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}\n    .knp a.knp__lire:focus-visible{outline:2px solid #1F4FA8;outline-offset:3px;border-radius:4px}\n    .knp .knp__compte{font-size:13px;color:#86868b;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}\n    \/* Fl\u00e8ches : mod\u00e8le du carrousel \u00ab Nos domaines d'intervention \u00bb (.slider-arrow), pos\u00e9es de part et d'autre de la fen\u00eatre. *\/\n    .knp .knp__fleche{position:absolute;top:50%;z-index:2;width:64px;height:64px;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;background:transparent;cursor:pointer;transform:translateY(-50%);transition:transform .2s ease,opacity .2s ease;-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none}\n    .knp .knp__fleche svg{display:block;filter:drop-shadow(0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.12))}\n    .knp .knp__fleche:hover{transform:translateY(-50%) scale(1.05)}\n    .knp .knp__fleche:active{transform:translateY(-50%) scale(.95)}\n    .knp .knp__fleche:focus-visible{outline:2px solid #fff;outline-offset:3px;border-radius:50%}\n    .knp .knp__fleche[data-dir=\"-1\"]{left:-84px}\n    .knp .knp__fleche[data-dir=\"1\"]{right:-84px}\n    .knp .knp__fleche[hidden],.knp .knp__fleche.knp--bout{opacity:0;pointer-events:none}\n    @media (max-width:899px){.knp .knp__fleche{display:none}}\n    @media (max-width:767px){\n      .knp dialog.knp__dlg{width:100%;max-width:100%;max-height:86vh;margin:auto 0 0;border-radius:20px 20px 0 0;overflow:hidden}\n      .knp .knp__tete{padding:20px 18px 0 20px}\n      .knp .knp__art{padding:16px 20px 8px}\n      .knp h3.knp__titre-art{font-size:18px}\n      .knp .knp__citation,.knp .knp__extrait{font-size:15px}\n      .knp .knp__pied{padding:12px 20px calc(16px + env(safe-area-inset-bottom))}\n    }\n    @media (prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){.knp dialog.knp__dlg[open]{animation:knp-in .28s cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.2,1)}@keyframes knp-in{from{opacity:0;transform:translateY(14px) scale(.985)}}}\n    @media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.knp button.knp__logo,.knp .knp__fleche{transition:none}}\n<\/style>\n        <p class=\"kcv-press-t\">In the <em>media<\/em><\/p><style>.knp p.knp__watchlink{margin:14px 0 4px;padding:0 24px;text-align:center;line-height:1}.knp a.knp__videos{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding:9px 18px 9px 14px;border:1px solid #CFDEF0;border-radius:999px;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#FFFFFF 0%,#E6EEF8 100%);color:#1F4FA8;font-family:inherit;font-size:14px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:.01em;line-height:1.2;text-decoration:none;transition:border-color .2s ease,box-shadow .2s ease,transform .2s ease}.knp a.knp__videos svg{flex:0 0 auto;display:block}.knp a.knp__videos:hover{background:linear-gradient(135deg,#FFFFFF 0%,#DCEAFB 100%);border-color:#1F4FA8;color:#1F4FA8;box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(31,79,168,.14);transform:translateY(-1px)}.knp a.knp__videos:focus-visible{outline:2px solid #1F4FA8;outline-offset:3px}.kcv-press.knp{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center;align-items:center;column-gap:14px}.kcv-press.knp>.kcv-press-t,.kcv-press.knp>.knp__watchlink{flex:0 0 auto}.kcv-press.knp>.knp__piste{flex:0 0 100%}.kcv-press.knp p.knp__watchlink{margin:0 0 2px;padding:0;line-height:17px}.kcv-press.knp a.knp__videos{gap:5px;padding:0;border:0;border-radius:0;background:none;box-shadow:none;font-size:11.5px;letter-spacing:.02em;line-height:17px;transform:none}.kcv-press.knp a.knp__videos:hover{background:none;box-shadow:none;transform:none}.kcv-press.knp a.knp__videos:hover span{text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:3px}.kcv-press.knp a.knp__videos svg{width:13px;height:13px}.knp .knp__vc{display:none}@media (max-width:900px){.kcv-press.knp .knp__vl{display:none}.kcv-press.knp .knp__vc{display:inline}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.knp a.knp__videos{transition:none}.knp a.knp__videos:hover{transform:none}}<\/style><p class=\"knp__watchlink\"><a class=\"knp__videos\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/media\/\" aria-label=\"Watch the videos and their transcripts\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 20 20\" aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\"><circle cx=\"10\" cy=\"10\" r=\"9\" fill=\"#1F4FA8\"\/><path d=\"M8.3 6.4v7.2l5.6-3.6z\" fill=\"#fff\"\/><\/svg><span class=\"knp__vl\">Watch the videos and their transcripts<\/span><span class=\"knp__vc\">Videos<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n        <div class=\"knp__piste\"><ul class=\"knp__ruban\" role=\"list\"><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"france-2\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"France 2: watch the report featuring Hassan Kohen\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/france-2.svg\" alt=\"France 2\" style=\"--h:30px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li>\n<li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"tf1\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"TF1: watch the news excerpt featuring Hassan Kohen\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/tf1.svg\" alt=\"TF1\" style=\"--h:36px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"france-tv\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"France T\u00e9l\u00e9visions: watch the excerpt featuring Reda Kohen\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/france-tv.svg\" alt=\"France T\u00e9l\u00e9visions\" style=\"--h:28px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"bfm\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"BFMTV: watch the excerpt featuring Reda Kohen\"><img class=\"skip-lazy knp--fixe\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/bfm.svg\" alt=\"BFMTV\" style=\"--h:30px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"le-point\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Le Point: see the 2 publications\"><img class=\"skip-lazy knp--fixe\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/le-point.svg\" alt=\"Le Point\" style=\"--h:24px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"le-figaro\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Le Figaro Immobilier: see the 3 publications\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/le-figaro.svg\" alt=\"Le Figaro\" style=\"--h:19px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"liberation\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Lib\u00e9ration: see the publication\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/liberation.svg\" alt=\"Lib\u00e9ration\" style=\"--h:28px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"les-echos\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Les Echos: see the publication\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/les-echos.svg\" alt=\"Les Echos\" style=\"--h:23px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"20-minutes\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"20 Minutes: see the 12 publications\"><img class=\"skip-lazy knp--fixe\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/20-minutes.svg\" alt=\"20 Minutes\" style=\"--h:24px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"ouest-france\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Ouest-France: see the 2 publications\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/ouest-france.svg\" alt=\"Ouest-France\" style=\"--h:28px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"franceinfo\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"franceinfo: see the 2 publications\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/franceinfo.svg\" alt=\"franceinfo\" style=\"--h:19px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"actu-fr\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"actu.fr: see the 3 publications\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/actu-fr.svg\" alt=\"actu.fr\" style=\"--h:26px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"marie-claire\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Marie Claire: see the publication\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/marie-claire.svg\" alt=\"Marie Claire\" style=\"--h:19px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"femme-actuelle\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Femme Actuelle: see the publication\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/femme-actuelle.svg\" alt=\"Femme Actuelle\" style=\"--h:21px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"psychologies\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Psychologies: see the publication\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/psychologies.svg\" alt=\"Psychologies\" style=\"--h:21px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"economie-matin\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"\u00c9conomie Matin: see the publication\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/economie-matin.jpg\" alt=\"\u00c9conomie Matin\" style=\"--h:24px;mix-blend-mode:multiply\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/lexbase.png\" alt=\"Lexbase\" style=\"--h:20px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"la-voix-du-nord\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"La Voix du Nord: see the publication\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/la-voix-du-nord.svg\" alt=\"La Voix du Nord\" style=\"--h:17px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"sortir-a-paris\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Sortir \u00e0 Paris: see the publication\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/sortir-a-paris.png\" alt=\"Sortir \u00e0 Paris\" style=\"--h:40px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"science-et-vie\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Science &amp; Vie: see the publication\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/science-et-vie.svg\" alt=\"Science &amp; Vie\" style=\"--h:22px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"frandroid\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Frandroid: see the 2 publications\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/frandroid.svg\" alt=\"Frandroid\" style=\"--h:15px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"magicmaman\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Magicmaman: see the publication\"><img class=\"skip-lazy knp--fixe\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/magicmaman.svg\" alt=\"Magicmaman\" style=\"--h:20px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"next\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Next: see the publication\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/next.svg\" alt=\"Next\" style=\"--h:20px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"actu-juridique\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Actu-Juridique: see the publication\"><img class=\"skip-lazy knp--fixe\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/actu-juridique.svg\" alt=\"Actu-Juridique\" style=\"--h:22px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"batiweb\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Batiweb: see the publication\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/batiweb.png\" alt=\"Batiweb\" style=\"--h:20px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"berliner-zeitung\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"Berliner Zeitung: see the publication\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/berliner-zeitung.svg\" alt=\"Berliner Zeitung\" style=\"--h:26px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"startupitalia\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"StartupItalia: see the publication\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/startupitalia.webp\" alt=\"StartupItalia\" style=\"--h:24px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"beincrypto\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-label=\"BeInCrypto: see the publication\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/beincrypto.svg\" alt=\"BeInCrypto\" style=\"--h:18px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"france-2\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/france-2.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:30px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li>\n<li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"tf1\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/tf1.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:36px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"france-tv\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/france-tv.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:28px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"bfm\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy knp--fixe\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/bfm.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:30px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"le-point\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy knp--fixe\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/le-point.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:24px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"le-figaro\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/le-figaro.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:19px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"liberation\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/liberation.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:28px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"les-echos\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/les-echos.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:23px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"20-minutes\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy knp--fixe\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/20-minutes.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:24px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"ouest-france\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/ouest-france.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:28px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"franceinfo\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/franceinfo.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:19px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"actu-fr\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/actu-fr.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:26px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"marie-claire\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/marie-claire.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:19px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"femme-actuelle\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/femme-actuelle.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:21px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"psychologies\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/psychologies.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:21px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"economie-matin\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/economie-matin.jpg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:24px;mix-blend-mode:multiply\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/lexbase.png\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:20px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"la-voix-du-nord\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/la-voix-du-nord.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:17px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"sortir-a-paris\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/sortir-a-paris.png\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:40px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"science-et-vie\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/science-et-vie.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:22px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"frandroid\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/frandroid.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:15px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"magicmaman\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy knp--fixe\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/magicmaman.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:20px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"next\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/next.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:20px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"actu-juridique\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy knp--fixe\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/actu-juridique.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:22px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"batiweb\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/batiweb.png\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:20px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"berliner-zeitung\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/berliner-zeitung.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:26px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"startupitalia\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/startupitalia.webp\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:24px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><li class=\"knp__item\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__logo\" data-media=\"beincrypto\" tabindex=\"-1\"><img class=\"skip-lazy\" data-no-lazy=\"1\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/beincrypto.svg\" alt=\"\" style=\"--h:18px\" decoding=\"async\"><\/button><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n      <!-- knp-cliquable-20261016 -->\n<dialog class=\"knp__dlg\" aria-label=\"Press article\">\n<div class=\"knp__tete\"><img alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__fermer\" aria-label=\"Close\"><svg width=\"12\" height=\"12\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M1 1l10 10M11 1L1 11\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.6\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"knp__rail\" tabindex=\"-1\"><\/div>\n<p class=\"knp__pied\"><a class=\"knp__lire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span><\/span><svg width=\"11\" height=\"11\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M3.5 1.5h7v7M10.5 1.5l-9 9\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" fill=\"none\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/a><span class=\"knp__compte\" aria-live=\"polite\"><\/span><\/p>\n<button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__fleche\" data-dir=\"-1\" aria-label=\"Previous article\"><svg width=\"64\" height=\"64\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><circle cx=\"32\" cy=\"32\" r=\"30\" fill=\"white\"\/><path d=\"M38 20L24 32L38 44\" stroke=\"black\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button>\n<button type=\"button\" class=\"knp__fleche\" data-dir=\"1\" aria-label=\"Next article\"><svg width=\"64\" height=\"64\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\" fill=\"none\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><circle cx=\"32\" cy=\"32\" r=\"30\" fill=\"white\"\/><path d=\"M26 20L40 32L26 44\" stroke=\"black\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/><\/svg><\/button>\n<\/dialog>\n<script type=\"application\/json\" class=\"knp-donnees\">{\"france-2\":{\"nom\":\"France 2\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Recel de produits vol\u00e9s : Hassan Kohen sur France 2\",\"date\":\"2026-10-19\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/medias\/france-2-hassan-kohen-recel-produits-voles\/\",\"video\":\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/hassan-kohen-france-2-recel-2026-10-19.mp4\",\"poster\":\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/hassan-kohen-france-2-recel-2026-10-19.jpg\",\"auteur\":\"Me Hassan Kohen\",\"libelle\":\"Voir la vid\u00e9o et l\u2019intervention\",\"libelle_en\":\"Watch the video and read the interview\"}]},\"tf1\":{\"nom\":\"TF1 Info\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Hassan Kohen au JT de 20 heures de TF1\",\"date\":\"2026-10-18\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.tf1.fr\/tf1\/jt-20h\/videos\/le-jt-de-20-heures-de-tf1-du-dimanche-18-octobre-2026-52289062.html\",\"video\":\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/hassan-kohen-tf1-20h-2026-10-18.mp4\",\"poster\":\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/hassan-kohen-tf1-20h-2026-10-18.jpg\",\"auteur\":\"Me Hassan Kohen\",\"libelle\":\"Voir le JT sur TF1+\"},{\"titre\":\"Cette arnaque aux faux policiers a \u00e9t\u00e9 signal\u00e9e dans plusieurs d\u00e9partements, des num\u00e9ros de commissariat ont \u00e9t\u00e9 usurp\u00e9s\",\"date\":\"2026-08-29\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.tf1info.fr\/societe\/cette-arnaque-aux-faux-policiers-a-ete-signalee-dans-plusieurs-departements-des-numeros-de-commissariat-ont-ete-usurpes-2460812.html\",\"citation\":\"[\u2026] v\u00e9rifier le num\u00e9ro du service par une source officielle, puis \u00e0 rappeler le standard de la brigade ou du commissariat [\u2026]\",\"auteur\":\"Me Hassan Kohen\"}]},\"bfm\":{\"nom\":\"BFMTV\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Reda Kohen sur BFMTV\",\"date\":\"2026-10-05\",\"url\":\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/reda-kohen-bfmtv-2026-10-05.mp4\",\"video\":\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/reda-kohen-bfmtv-2026-10-05.mp4\",\"poster\":\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/reda-kohen-bfmtv-2026-10-05.jpg\",\"auteur\":\"Me Reda Kohen\",\"libelle\":\"Ouvrir la vid\u00e9o\",\"libelle_en\":\"Open the video\"}]},\"france-tv\":{\"nom\":\"France T\u00e9l\u00e9visions\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Reda Kohen sur FranceTV\",\"date\":\"2026-10-04\",\"url\":\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/reda-kohen-francetv-2026-10-04.mp4\",\"video\":\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/reda-kohen-francetv-2026-10-04.mp4\",\"poster\":\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/medias-presse\/reda-kohen-francetv-2026-10-04.jpg\",\"auteur\":\"Me Reda Kohen\",\"libelle\":\"Ouvrir la vid\u00e9o\",\"libelle_en\":\"Open the video\"},{\"titre\":\"Blocages de lyc\u00e9es, tirs de gaz lacrymog\u00e8ne, interdiction des protections : les arr\u00eat\u00e9s anti-masques de la pr\u00e9fecture attaqu\u00e9s en justice\",\"date\":\"2026-10-02\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/france3-regions.franceinfo.fr\/occitanie\/herault\/montpellier\/blocages-de-lycees-tirs-de-gaz-lacrymogene-interdiction-des-protections-les-arretes-anti-masques-de-la-prefecture-attaques-en-justice-3426921.html\",\"citation\":\"Le pr\u00e9fet dispose de pouvoirs de police pour pr\u00e9venir les troubles \u00e0 l'ordre public, mais toute restriction doit \u00eatre adapt\u00e9e, n\u00e9cessaire et proportionn\u00e9e aux risques \u00e9tablis.\",\"auteur\":\"Me Hassan Kohen\"},{\"titre\":\"Embarcation de migrants dans la Manche : pourquoi les autorit\u00e9s n'ont pas stopp\u00e9 la progression du bateau ?\",\"date\":\"2026-09-22\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/france3-regions.franceinfo.fr\/normandie\/calvados\/embarcation-de-migrants-dans-la-manche-pourquoi-les-autorites-n-ont-pas-stoppe-la-progression-du-bateau-3421184.html\",\"citation\":\"En mer, la r\u00e8gle qui commande tout est la sauvegarde de la vie humaine.\",\"auteur\":\"Me Hassan Kohen\"}]},\"le-point\":{\"nom\":\"Le Point\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Assureurs, parents, r\u00e9gion\u2026 qui va payer pour les lyc\u00e9es saccag\u00e9s ?\",\"date\":\"2026-10-02\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.lepoint.fr\/economie\/assureurs-parents-region-qui-va-payer-pour-les-lycees-saccages-C66GTJYEMBESFDM44QWQOBH3SE\/\",\"citation\":\"Une facture ne cr\u00e9e aucune dette.\",\"auteur\":\"Me Hassan Kohen\"},{\"titre\":\"Accus\u00e9e de faire r\u00e9f\u00e9rence au 7 Octobre, la marque Sa7ten peut-elle \u00eatre interdite ?\",\"date\":\"2026-08-08\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.lepoint.fr\/societe\/accusee-de-faire-reference-au-7-octobre-la-marque-sa7ten-peut-elle-etre-interdite-QQJWYECLPBDXPEMVXZJPU5RY6A\/\",\"citation\":\"Le premier terrain serait l'\u00e9l\u00e9ment mat\u00e9riel : \u00e9tablir que les signes, dans leur contexte r\u00e9el, n'incitent \u00e0 aucun jugement favorable [\u2026]\",\"auteur\":\"Me Hassan Kohen\"}]},\"le-figaro\":{\"nom\":\"Le Figaro Immobilier\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Menac\u00e9s d'\u00e9vacuation, des habitants priv\u00e9s de leur balcon avec vue mer depuis trois mois\",\"date\":\"2026-09-10\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/immobilier.lefigaro.fr\/article\/menaces-d-evacuation-des-habitants-prives-de-leur-balcon-avec-vue-mer-depuis-trois-mois-20260910\",\"citation\":\"L'interdiction d'utiliser un balcon constitue une privation r\u00e9elle, mais elle ne produit pas automatiquement une indemnit\u00e9 forfaitaire.\",\"auteur\":\"Cabinet Kohen Avocats\"},{\"titre\":\"Elles d\u00e9noncent le \u00ab pi\u00e8ge de l'indivision \u00bb qui se referme sur les victimes de divorces tr\u00e8s conflictuels\",\"date\":\"2026-07-28\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/immobilier.lefigaro.fr\/article\/elles-denoncent-le-piege-de-l-indivision-qui-se-referme-sur-les-victimes-de-divorces-tres-conflictuels-20260728\",\"citation\":\"Tant que le pr\u00eat n'est pas rembours\u00e9, ren\u00e9goci\u00e9 ou d\u00e9solidaris\u00e9 avec l'accord de la banque, l'engagement bancaire continue.\",\"auteur\":\"Me Hassan Kohen\"},{\"titre\":\"Sa maison est fissur\u00e9e \u00e0 cause de la s\u00e9cheresse, la justice le rend responsable\",\"date\":\"2026-06-18\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/immobilier.lefigaro.fr\/article\/sa-maison-est-fissuree-a-cause-de-la-secheresse-la-justice-le-rend-responsable-20260618\",\"citation\":\"C'est \u00e0 l'assur\u00e9, demandeur \u00e0 l'indemnisation, de rapporter la preuve qu'il a satisfait \u00e0 cette obligation ou que de telles mesures \u00e9taient impossibles.\",\"auteur\":\"Me Hassan Kohen\"}]},\"liberation\":{\"nom\":\"Lib\u00e9ration\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Droit de retrait, eau \u00e0 disposition, pauses\u2026 Quelles sont les r\u00e8gles au boulot en cas de fortes chaleurs ?\",\"date\":\"2026-05-27\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.liberation.fr\/environnement\/climat\/droit-de-retrait-eau-a-disposition-pauses-quelles-sont-les-regles-au-boulot-en-cas-de-fortes-chaleurs-20260527_ITW56R774NB33DNLWGR7I4MC2U\/\",\"citation\":\"L'avocat Hassan Kohen conseille sur son site internet de proc\u00e9der avec m\u00e9thode en l'absence de mesures suffisantes face \u00e0 une forte chaleur.\",\"auteur\":\"Lib\u00e9ration\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"les-echos\":{\"nom\":\"Les Echos\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Canicule : que pr\u00e9voit le Code du travail ?\",\"date\":\"2026-05-28\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/travailler-mieux\/vie-au-travail\/canicule-que-prevoit-le-code-du-travail-2233836\",\"citation\":\"L'avocat Hassan Kohen conseille sur son site Internet de proc\u00e9der avec m\u00e9thode en l'absence de mesures suffisantes face \u00e0 une forte chaleur.\",\"auteur\":\"Les Echos\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"ouest-france\":{\"nom\":\"Ouest-France\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Elle a laiss\u00e9 son fils b\u00e2tir sa maison au fond de son terrain, sans rien signer chez le notaire : 20 ans plus tard, \u00e0 la succession, la maison n'\u00e9tait pas \u00e0 lui\",\"date\":\"2026-10-06\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/pause-maison.ouest-france.fr\/elle-a-laisse-son-fils-batir-sa-maison-au-fond-de-son-terrain-sans-rien-signer-chez-le-notaire-20-ans-plus-tard-a-la-succession-la-maison-n-etait-pas-a-lui\",\"citation\":\"Selon le cabinet Kohen Avocats, cinq informations doivent \u00eatre r\u00e9unies avant toute analyse.\",\"auteur\":\"Pause Maison, Ouest-France\",\"paraphrase\":true},{\"titre\":\"Auchan devient Lidl : ce que change (ou pas) votre cr\u00e9dit Oney en 2026\",\"date\":\"2026-09-25\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/mcetv.ouest-france.fr\/2026\/auchan-lidl-credit-oney-mensualites-contester\",\"citation\":\"Selon Kohen Avocats, qui d\u00e9taille en exclusivit\u00e9 les textes applicables \u00e0 cette situation in\u00e9dite, la r\u00e9ponse tient en deux temps bien distincts.\",\"auteur\":\"MCE TV, Ouest-France\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"franceinfo\":{\"nom\":\"franceinfo\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Col\u00e8re des lyc\u00e9ens : le projet de loi \u00ab casseur-payeur \u00bb est-il applicable ?\",\"date\":\"2026-10-04\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.franceinfo.fr\/economie\/greve\/colere-des-lyceens-le-projet-de-loi-casseur-payeur-est-il-applicable_8222587.html\",\"citation\":\"Quand une personne n'est pas solvable elle ne paye pas, tout simplement.\",\"auteur\":\"Me Reda Kohen\"},{\"titre\":\"Employeurs et salari\u00e9s, quels sont vos obligations et vos droits quand le thermom\u00e8tre explose ?\",\"date\":\"2026-06-18\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.franceinfo.fr\/environnement\/evenements-meteorologiques-extremes\/vagues-de-chaleur-canicules\/employeurs-et-salaries-quels-sont-vos-obligations-et-vos-droits-quand-le-thermometre-explose_8067299.html\",\"citation\":\"L'avocat Hassan Kohen conseille, sur son site internet, de proc\u00e9der avec m\u00e9thode en l'absence de mesures suffisantes face \u00e0 une forte chaleur.\",\"auteur\":\"franceinfo\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"actu-fr\":{\"nom\":\"actu.fr\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Mobilisation des lyc\u00e9ens : Val\u00e9rie P\u00e9cresse peut-elle vraiment supprimer ses 300 euros d'aides aux lyc\u00e9ens violents ?\",\"date\":\"2026-10-07\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/actu.fr\/ile-de-france\/saint-ouen-sur-seine_93070\/mobilisation-des-lyceens-valerie-pecresse-peut-elle-vraiment-supprimer-ses-300-euros-d-aides-aux-lyceens-violents_64887950.html\",\"citation\":\"Une punition suppose une loi qui la pr\u00e9voit.\",\"auteur\":\"Me Reda Kohen\"},{\"titre\":\"\u00ab Pour renouer le dialogue c'est rat\u00e9 \u00bb : le sermon du pr\u00e9fet des Hauts-de-Seine aux parents d'\u00e9l\u00e8ves casseurs ne passe pas\",\"date\":\"2026-10-06\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/actu.fr\/ile-de-france\/nanterre_92050\/pour-renouer-le-dialogue-c-est-rate-le-sermon-du-prefet-des-hauts-de-seine-aux-parents-d-eleves-casseurs-ne-passe-pas_64886890.html\",\"citation\":\"Aucun texte ne donne au pr\u00e9fet le pouvoir de convoquer les parents d'un mineur.\",\"auteur\":\"Me Reda Kohen\"},{\"titre\":\"C\u00e9dric Jubillar surpris en plein acte sexuel au parloir : que dit vraiment la loi et ce qu'il risque\",\"date\":\"2026-09-27\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/actu.fr\/societe\/cedric-jubillar-surpris-en-plein-acte-sexuel-au-parloir-que-dit-vraiment-la-loi-et-ce-qu-il-risque_64844675.html\",\"citation\":\"Un confinement ou une mise en cellule disciplinaire de plusieurs jours, parfois assortie du sursis.\",\"auteur\":\"Me Hassan Kohen\"}]},\"marie-claire\":{\"nom\":\"Marie Claire\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Des plafonds de 31 et 62 jours : tout comprendre \u00e0 la nouvelle r\u00e9forme des arr\u00eats de travail\",\"date\":\"2026-09-01\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.marieclaire.fr\/reforme-arret-de-travail-septembre-2026-plafonds-droits-salaries,1519083.asp\",\"citation\":\"Pour une pathologie longue, l'arr\u00eat initial sera suivi de prolongations successives, chacune r\u00e9\u00e9valu\u00e9e par le praticien.\",\"auteur\":\"Me Hassan Kohen\"}]},\"psychologies\":{\"nom\":\"Psychologies\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Ce changement dans la loi sur le consentement pourrait tout changer pour les victimes de viol, et voici pourquoi\",\"date\":\"2025-06-18\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.psychologies.com\/actualites\/societe\/changement-loi-consentement-pourrait-tout-changer-victimes-viol-604168\",\"citation\":\"[\u2026] la charge de la preuve incombe \u00e0 l'accusation, et le doute doit syst\u00e9matiquement profiter \u00e0 l'accus\u00e9.\",\"auteur\":\"Me Hassan Kohen\"}]},\"laforet\":{\"nom\":\"Lafor\u00eat Montesson\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Canicule et location : le propri\u00e9taire doit-il installer une clim ou un ventilateur ?\",\"date\":\"2026-06-25\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.laforet.com\/agence-immobiliere\/montesson\/blog\/actualite\/canicule-et-location-le-proprietaire-doit-il-installer-une-clim-ou-un-ventilateur\",\"citation\":\"Une climatisation fixe n\u00e9cessite une autorisation \u00e9crite du bailleur d\u00e8s lors qu'elle suppose de percer, fixer, raccorder ou modifier une fen\u00eatre.\",\"auteur\":\"Lafor\u00eat, d'apr\u00e8s Kohen Avocats\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"20-minutes\":{\"nom\":\"20 Minutes\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Il a fix\u00e9 une sonnette vid\u00e9o au-dessus de sa porte pour surveiller sa voiture gar\u00e9e devant : c'est le voisin d'en face qui a port\u00e9 plainte\",\"date\":\"2026-10-14\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/maison.20minutes.fr\/mm153068-il-a-fixe-une-sonnette-video-au-dessus-de-sa-porte-pour-surveiller-sa-voiture-garee-devant-c-est-le-voisin-d-en-face-qui-a-porte-plainte\",\"citation\":\"L'article cite une analyse de kohenavocats.fr parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"20 Minutes\",\"paraphrase\":true},{\"titre\":\"J'ai sorti ma voiture du garage juste pour y ranger le salon de jardin : aux premiers froids, j'ai compris qui s'\u00e9tait install\u00e9 sous le capot\",\"date\":\"2026-10-13\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/maison.20minutes.fr\/mm153009-j-ai-sorti-ma-voiture-du-garage-juste-pour-y-ranger-le-salon-de-jardin-aux-premiers-froids-j-ai-compris-qui-s-etait-installe-sous-le-capot\",\"citation\":\"L'article cite une analyse de kohenavocats.com parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"20 Minutes\",\"paraphrase\":true},{\"titre\":\"\u00ab Je pensais juste cacher un compteur moche \u00bb : pourquoi le joli meuble viss\u00e9 dans votre entr\u00e9e peut faire grimper votre facture d'eau\",\"date\":\"2026-10-12\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/maison.20minutes.fr\/mm152671-je-pensais-juste-cacher-un-compteur-moche-pourquoi-le-joli-meuble-visse-dans-votre-entree-peut-faire-grimper-votre-facture-d-eau\",\"citation\":\"L'article cite une analyse de kohenavocats.fr parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"20 Minutes\",\"paraphrase\":true},{\"titre\":\"Ma facture d'eau a explos\u00e9 \u00e0 cause d'une canalisation qui fuyait au jardin : personne ne m'avait pr\u00e9venu du papier qu'il fallait r\u00e9clamer au plombier\",\"date\":\"2026-10-11\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/journaldesseniors.20minutes.fr\/actualite\/ma-facture-d-eau-a-explose-a-cause-d-une-canalisation-qui-fuyait-au-jardin-personne-ne-m-avait-prevenu-du-papier-qu-il-fallait-reclamer-au-plombier\",\"citation\":\"L'article cite une analyse de kohenavocats.com parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"20 Minutes\",\"paraphrase\":true},{\"titre\":\"Elle a vu une bande de gazon rester bien verte entre son compteur d'eau et sa maison : sur la facture suivante, c'est le service des eaux qui a \u00e9crit\",\"date\":\"2026-10-11\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/maison.20minutes.fr\/mm152562-elle-a-vu-une-bande-de-gazon-rester-bien-verte-entre-son-compteur-d-eau-et-sa-maison-sur-la-facture-suivante-c-est-le-service-des-eaux-qui-a-ecrit\",\"citation\":\"L'article cite une analyse de kohenavocats.fr parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"20 Minutes\",\"paraphrase\":true},{\"titre\":\"Les anciens ne couvraient jamais leurs murs en pierre de peinture : la raison oubli\u00e9e refait surface sur les fa\u00e7ades blanchies cet automne\",\"date\":\"2026-10-10\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/maison.20minutes.fr\/mm152457-les-anciens-ne-couvraient-jamais-leurs-murs-en-pierre-de-peinture-la-raison-oubliee-refait-surface-sur-les-facades-blanchies-cet-automne\",\"citation\":\"L'article cite une analyse de kohenavocats.fr parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"20 Minutes\",\"paraphrase\":true},{\"titre\":\"Je me suis port\u00e9 caution du studio de mon fils pour ses \u00e9tudes : \u00e0 l'agence, on m'a expliqu\u00e9 la garantie gratuite qui m'aurait \u00e9vit\u00e9 de signer\",\"date\":\"2026-10-09\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/journaldesseniors.20minutes.fr\/actualite\/je-me-suis-porte-caution-du-studio-de-mon-fils-pour-ses-etudes-a-l-agence-on-m-a-explique-la-garantie-gratuite-qui-m-aurait-evite-de-signer\",\"citation\":\"L'article cite une analyse de kohenavocats.fr parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"20 Minutes\",\"paraphrase\":true},{\"titre\":\"\u00ab Elle pensait que la taxe fonci\u00e8re du pr\u00e9 lou\u00e9 \u00e0 l'agriculteur \u00e9tait pour elle seule \u00bb : pourquoi la quittance de fermage de la Saint-Martin peut tout changer\",\"date\":\"2026-10-08\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/journaldesseniors.20minutes.fr\/actualite\/elle-pensait-que-la-taxe-fonciere-du-pre-loue-a-l-agriculteur-etait-pour-elle-seule-pourquoi-la-quittance-de-fermage-de-la-saint-martin-peut-tout-changer\",\"citation\":\"L'article cite une analyse de kohenavocats.fr parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"20 Minutes\",\"paraphrase\":true},{\"titre\":\"Le coup de vent de mercredi a couch\u00e9 mon vieux cerisier sur la v\u00e9randa du voisin : \u00e0 l'assurance, j'ai compris pourquoi \u00ab c'est la faute du vent \u00bb ne suffirait pas\",\"date\":\"2026-10-08\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/journaldesseniors.20minutes.fr\/actualite\/le-coup-de-vent-de-mercredi-a-couche-mon-vieux-cerisier-sur-la-veranda-du-voisin-a-l-assurance-j-ai-compris-pourquoi-c-est-la-faute-du-vent-ne-suffirait-pas\",\"citation\":\"L'article cite une analyse de kohenavocats.fr parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"20 Minutes\",\"paraphrase\":true},{\"titre\":\"J'ai fait isoler le plafond de ma cave juste pour toucher une prime, apr\u00e8s un simple appel : les pr\u00e9l\u00e8vements sont tomb\u00e9s, alors que ce contrat \u00e9tait nul\",\"date\":\"2026-10-08\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/maison.20minutes.fr\/mm152072-j-ai-fait-isoler-le-plafond-de-ma-cave-juste-pour-toucher-une-prime-apres-un-simple-appel-les-prelevements-sont-tombes-alors-que-ce-contrat-etait-nul\",\"citation\":\"L'article cite une analyse de kohenavocats.fr parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"20 Minutes\",\"paraphrase\":true},{\"titre\":\"Mes enfants m'avaient offert une carte cadeau de 150 \u20ac pour mes 60 ans : le jour o\u00f9 j'ai trouv\u00e9 le rideau baiss\u00e9, le compte \u00e0 rebours avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 commenc\u00e9\",\"date\":\"2026-10-07\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/journaldesseniors.20minutes.fr\/actualite\/mes-enfants-m-avaient-offert-une-carte-cadeau-de-150-eur-pour-mes-60-ans-le-jour-ou-j-ai-trouve-le-rideau-baisse-le-compte-a-rebours-avait-deja-commence\",\"citation\":\"L'article cite une analyse de kohenavocats.fr parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"20 Minutes\",\"paraphrase\":true},{\"titre\":\"J\u2019ai fait percer le toit de mes combles fra\u00eechement isol\u00e9s juste pour y faire entrer la lumi\u00e8re : un an plus tard, c\u2019est la mairie qui a tout recompt\u00e9\",\"date\":\"2026-10-07\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/maison.20minutes.fr\/mm151832-jai-fait-percer-le-toit-de-mes-combles-fraichement-isoles-juste-pour-y-faire-entrer-la-lumiere-un-an-plus-tard-cest-la-mairie-qui-a-tout-recompte\",\"citation\":\"L'article cite une analyse de kohenavocats.fr parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"20 Minutes\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"wikipedia\":{\"nom\":\"Wikip\u00e9dia\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Rupture conventionnelle du contrat de travail\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rupture_conventionnelle_du_contrat_de_travail\",\"citation\":\"Le cabinet y est cit\u00e9 en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence : \u00ab La rupture conventionnelle \u00e0 l'\u00e9preuve de la loi du 11 juin 2026 : l'inflexion d'un dispositif entre libert\u00e9 contractuelle et ma\u00eetrise des deniers publics \u00bb.\",\"auteur\":\"Wikip\u00e9dia\",\"paraphrase\":true,\"libelle\":\"Voir l\u2019article sur Wikip\u00e9dia\"},{\"titre\":\"Emmanuel Riotte\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emmanuel_Riotte\",\"citation\":\"Le cabinet y est cit\u00e9 en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence : \u00ab D\u00e9put\u00e9 \u00e9lu s\u00e9nateur ou devenu maire : son suppl\u00e9ant peut-il refuser le si\u00e8ge et garder sa mairie ? \u00bb.\",\"auteur\":\"Wikip\u00e9dia\",\"paraphrase\":true,\"libelle\":\"Voir l\u2019article sur Wikip\u00e9dia\"},{\"titre\":\"\u00c9lections s\u00e9natoriales fran\u00e7aises de 2026\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%C3%89lections_s%C3%A9natoriales_fran%C3%A7aises_de_2026\",\"citation\":\"Le cabinet y est cit\u00e9 en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence : \u00ab Brice Hortefeux au Parlement europ\u00e9en malgr\u00e9 son in\u00e9ligibilit\u00e9 ? Ce que pr\u00e9voit la loi quand un eurod\u00e9put\u00e9 devient s\u00e9nateur \u00bb.\",\"auteur\":\"Wikip\u00e9dia\",\"paraphrase\":true,\"libelle\":\"Voir l\u2019article sur Wikip\u00e9dia\"},{\"titre\":\"Classement sans suite\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Classement_sans_suite\",\"citation\":\"Le cabinet y est cit\u00e9 en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence : \u00ab Le classement sans suite des demandes de naturalisation \u00e0 l'\u00e9preuve de l'office du juge administratif : la justiciabilit\u00e9 clarifi\u00e9e par le Conseil d'\u00c9tat \u00bb.\",\"auteur\":\"Wikip\u00e9dia\",\"paraphrase\":true,\"libelle\":\"Voir l\u2019article sur Wikip\u00e9dia\"}]},\"data-gouv\":{\"nom\":\"data.gouv.fr\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Organisation Ma\u00eetre Hassan KOHEN\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.data.gouv.fr\/organizations\/maitre-hassan-kohen\",\"citation\":\"Fiche de l'organisation du cabinet sur data.gouv.fr, la plateforme des donn\u00e9es publiques de l'\u00c9tat.\",\"auteur\":\"data.gouv.fr\",\"paraphrase\":true,\"libelle\":\"Voir la fiche sur data.gouv.fr\"},{\"titre\":\"Commentaires des d\u00e9cisions de justice par l'IA g\u00e9n\u00e9rative\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.data.gouv.fr\/reuses\/commentaires-des-decisions-de-justice-par-lia-generative\",\"citation\":\"R\u00e9utilisation des donn\u00e9es publiques de justice publi\u00e9e par Kohen Avocats et r\u00e9f\u00e9renc\u00e9e sur data.gouv.fr.\",\"auteur\":\"data.gouv.fr\",\"paraphrase\":true,\"libelle\":\"Voir la r\u00e9utilisation sur data.gouv.fr\"}]},\"awwwards\":{\"nom\":\"Awwwards\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Kohen Avocats, site nomm\u00e9 aux Awwwards\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.awwwards.com\/sites\/kohen-avocats\",\"citation\":\"Le site du cabinet figure parmi les sites nomm\u00e9s (\u00ab Nominee \u00bb) par Awwwards, r\u00e9f\u00e9rence internationale du design web.\",\"auteur\":\"Awwwards\",\"paraphrase\":true,\"libelle\":\"Voir la fiche sur Awwwards\"}]},\"pappers\":{\"nom\":\"Pappers\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Divorce du dirigeant : ce que le r\u00e9gime matrimonial change pour votre soci\u00e9t\u00e9\",\"date\":\"2026-09-04\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.pappers.fr\/gestion-entreprise\/divorce-dirigeant-regime-matrimonial\",\"citation\":\"Le dirigeant a int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0 faire travailler ensemble son expert-comptable, son notaire et un avocat sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 en droit de la famille \u00e0 Paris.\",\"auteur\":\"Pappers\",\"paraphrase\":true},{\"titre\":\"Ma\u00eetre KOHEN Reda, avocat \u00e0 Paris\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/justice.pappers.fr\/avocat\/kohen-reda-75017\",\"citation\":\"Fiche de Me Reda Kohen sur Pappers Justice, avec les d\u00e9cisions de justice publi\u00e9es o\u00f9 il est intervenu.\",\"auteur\":\"Pappers Justice\",\"paraphrase\":true,\"libelle\":\"Voir la fiche sur Pappers Justice\"}]},\"leboncoin\":{\"nom\":\"Leboncoin\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Bouilloires thermiques : bient\u00f4t interdites \u00e0 la location ?\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.leboncoin.fr\/guide\/immobilier\/bouilloires-thermiques-bientot-interdites-a-la-location-hfpj70o6.html\",\"citation\":\"Le guide immobilier cite une analyse de kohenavocats.fr parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"Leboncoin\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"femme-actuelle\":{\"nom\":\"Femme Actuelle\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"S\u00e9paration ou divorce : quelle banque et quel cr\u00e9dit pour repartir sur de bonnes bases ?\",\"date\":\"2026-09-30\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.femmeactuelle.fr\/vie-pratique\/news-vie-pratique\/separation-ou-divorce-quelle-banque-et-quel-credit-pour-repartir-sur-de-bonnes-bases-2211980\",\"citation\":\"L'article cite une analyse de kohenavocats.com parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"Femme Actuelle\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"economie-matin\":{\"nom\":\"\u00c9conomie Matin\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Nouveau bail 2026 : ce que les propri\u00e9taires doivent anticiper d\u00e8s maintenant\",\"date\":\"2026-09-10\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.economiematin.fr\/bail-nouveau-2026-proprietaires-anticiper\",\"citation\":\"Sur le d\u00e9cret n\u00b0 2026-596 du 7 juillet 2026, l'article renvoie \u00e0 l'analyse publi\u00e9e par le cabinet.\",\"auteur\":\"\u00c9conomie Matin\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"la-voix-du-nord\":{\"nom\":\"La Voix du Nord\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Que risquent les personnes qui ach\u00e8tent des objets vol\u00e9s le 17 octobre ?\",\"date\":\"2026-10-19\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.lavoixdunord.fr\/1747700\/article\/2026-10-19\/que-risquent-les-personnes-qui-achetent-des-objets-voles-le-17-octobre\",\"citation\":\"L\u2019infraction suppose la connaissance de l\u2019origine : savoir que l\u2019objet provient d\u2019un vol.\",\"auteur\":\"Me Hassan Kohen\"}]},\"sortir-a-paris\":{\"nom\":\"Sortir \u00e0 Paris\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Manifestation du 24 octobre \u00e0 Paris : parcours, nouvelles stations ferm\u00e9es, les infos\",\"date\":\"2026-10-20\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.sortiraparis.com\/actualites\/a-paris\/articles\/355171-manifestation-du-24-octobre-a-paris-parcours-nouvelles-stations-fermees-les-infos\",\"citation\":\"Sur le d\u00e9lai de d\u00e9claration d\u2019une manifestation \u00e0 Paris, l\u2019article renvoie \u00e0 l\u2019analyse du cabinet, pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 comme \u00ab un avocat p\u00e9naliste parisien \u00bb.\",\"auteur\":\"Sortir \u00e0 Paris\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"science-et-vie\":{\"nom\":\"Science \\u0026 Vie\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Canicule : sans climatisation, ces quelques gestes simples permettraient de faire chuter la temp\u00e9rature de votre logement\",\"date\":\"2026-07-07\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.science-et-vie.com\/nature-et-environnement\/climat\/canicule-sans-climatisation-quelques-gestes-simples-permettraient-de-faire-chuter-la-temperature-de-votre-logement-247975.html\",\"citation\":\"L\u2019article renvoie \u00e0 deux analyses du cabinet : l\u2019obligation de d\u00e9livrer un logement d\u00e9cent pendant toute la dur\u00e9e du bail et l\u2019ordonnance du tribunal judiciaire de B\u00e9ziers du 31 mars 2026 sur une climatisation install\u00e9e sans autorisation.\",\"auteur\":\"Science \\u0026 Vie\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"frandroid\":{\"nom\":\"Frandroid\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Fin de Rakuten France : comment r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer vos factures, vos garanties et vos points Club R\",\"date\":\"2026-09-30\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.frandroid.com\/culture-tech\/web\/3266559_fin-de-rakuten-france-comment-recuperer-vos-factures-vos-garanties-et-vos-points-club-r\",\"citation\":\"Le cabinet Kohen Avocats leur conseille de retirer cet argent et de t\u00e9l\u00e9charger tout leur historique avant le 10 novembre.\",\"auteur\":\"Frandroid\",\"paraphrase\":true},{\"titre\":\"Goutte-\u00e0-goutte et inondation : que faire quand la climatisation du voisin ruine votre terrasse ?\",\"date\":\"2026-07-28\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.frandroid.com\/produits-android\/maison-connectee\/climatiseur\/3196305_goutte-a-goutte-et-inondation-que-faire-quand-la-climatisation-du-voisin-ruine-votre-terrasse\",\"citation\":\"L\u2019article renvoie \u00e0 la grille de lecture juridique publi\u00e9e par le cabinet sur les condensats de climatisation en copropri\u00e9t\u00e9.\",\"auteur\":\"Frandroid\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"magicmaman\":{\"nom\":\"Magicmaman\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Vous vivez en immeuble et vous n\u2019avez toujours pas de chauffage cet automne ? Voil\u00e0 pourquoi\",\"date\":\"2026-10-25\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.magicmaman.com\/vous-vivez-en-immeuble-et-vous-n-avez-toujours-pas-de-chauffage-cet-automne-voila-pourquoi,3787269.asp\",\"citation\":\"Cette date nationale n\u2019existe pas. La loi ne fixe pas un calendrier d\u2019allumage commun \u00e0 tous les immeubles.\",\"auteur\":\"Cabinet Kohen Avocats\"}]},\"next\":{\"nom\":\"Next\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Fin de Bloctel, interdiction du d\u00e9marchage d\u00e8s le 11 ao\u00fbt : on fait le point\",\"date\":\"2026-08-04\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/next.ink\/249950\/fin-de-bloctel-interdiction-du-demarchage-des-le-11-aout-on-fait-le-point\/\",\"citation\":\"Selon le cabinet Kohen Avocats, les jurisprudences dans ce secteur devraient \u00ab \u00e9clairer la port\u00e9e du futur r\u00e9gime \u00bb.\",\"auteur\":\"Next\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"actu-juridique\":{\"nom\":\"Actu-Juridique\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Magistrature et franc-ma\u00e7onnerie : que dit le droit ?\",\"date\":\"2026-09-22\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.actu-juridique.fr\/professions\/magistrats\/magistrature-et-franc-maconnerie-stupeur-et-evitements\/\",\"citation\":\"L\u2019article cite en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence l\u2019analyse de Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris, sur l\u2019avis du Coll\u00e8ge de d\u00e9ontologie du 9 juin 2026.\",\"auteur\":\"Actu-Juridique\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"batiweb\":{\"nom\":\"Batiweb\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Mayotte : Lecornu veut un \u00ab choc de mises en chantier \u00bb\",\"date\":\"2026-08-27\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.batiweb.com\/actualites\/urbanisme\/reconstruction-mayotte-lecornu-choc-mises-chantier-49208\",\"citation\":\"Sur les autorisations d\u2019urbanisme n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 la reconstruction de Mayotte, l\u2019article cite les explications de Me Reda Kohen.\",\"auteur\":\"Batiweb\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"berliner-zeitung\":{\"nom\":\"Berliner Zeitung\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Null Euro Miete, daf\u00fcr Quizabende mit Rentnern: Wie eine 18-J\u00e4hrige ins Seniorenheim zog\",\"date\":\"2026-09-21\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.berliner-zeitung.de\/article\/null-euro-miete-dafuer-quizabende-mit-rentnern-wie-eine-18-jaehrige-ins-seniorenheim-zog-10414380\",\"citation\":\"Der Pariser Anwalt Reda Kohen ordnet das Modell als Gebrauchsleihe ein: Die Wohnung wird \u00fcberlassen, nicht vermietet.\",\"auteur\":\"Berliner Zeitung\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"startupitalia\":{\"nom\":\"StartupItalia\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Quasi 13 miliardi di dollari di Nvidia per la sconosciuta Hugging Face. Chi vende picconi decide di comprare la miniera\",\"date\":\"2026-09-04\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/startupitalia.eu\/tech\/tredici-miliardi-per-unazienda-sconosciuta-ecco-su-cosa-si-basa-la-scommessa-di-nvidia-con-hugging-face\/\",\"citation\":\"Come ha ricostruito l\u2019avvocato parigino Reda Kohen, la competenza di Bruxelles non dipende dal prezzo ma dai fatturati delle parti.\",\"auteur\":\"StartupItalia\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"beincrypto\":{\"nom\":\"BeInCrypto\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"France Wants to Tax Crypto Holders Before They Sell\",\"date\":\"2026-10-11\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/beincrypto.com\/france-crypto-exit-tax-unsold-gains\/\",\"citation\":\"Left-wing deputy Nicolas Sansu filed it with 16 co-signers, and the National Assembly\u2019s finance committee adopted it on October 8, according to a Paris law firm.\",\"auteur\":\"BeInCrypto\",\"paraphrase\":true}]}}<\/script>\n<script nowprocket data-no-optimize=\"1\" data-no-defer=\"1\">\n(function(){\nvar EN=!\/^fr\/i.test(document.documentElement.lang||'fr');\nvar MOIS=['janvier','f\u00e9vrier','mars','avril','mai','juin','juillet','ao\u00fbt','septembre','octobre','novembre','d\u00e9cembre'];\nfunction dateTxt(i){var p=i.split('-');if(EN){try{return new Date(Date.UTC(+p[0],+p[1]-1,+p[2])).toLocaleDateString('en-GB',{day:'numeric',month:'long',year:'numeric',timeZone:'UTC'});}catch(e){return i;}}\n  return (+p[2]===1?'1er':+p[2])+' '+MOIS[+p[1]-1]+' '+p[0];}\nfunction el(t,c,x){var e=document.createElement(t);if(c)e.className=c;if(x!=null)e.textContent=x;return e;}\nfunction lier(s){\nif(s.dataset.knpPret)return;var src=s.querySelector('script.knp-donnees');if(!src)return;s.dataset.knpPret='1';\nvar D=JSON.parse(src.textContent);\nvar dlg=s.querySelector('.knp__dlg'),logo=dlg.querySelector('.knp__tete img'),rail=dlg.querySelector('.knp__rail'),\n    lire=dlg.querySelector('.knp__lire'),compte=dlg.querySelector('.knp__compte'),fl=dlg.querySelectorAll('.knp__fleche'),\n    media=null,dernier=null,actuel=0,minuteur=0;\nfunction lirePos(){var w=rail.clientWidth||1;actuel=Math.max(0,Math.min(media.articles.length-1,Math.round(rail.scrollLeft\/w)));maj();}\nfunction maj(){rail.querySelectorAll('video').forEach(function(v){if(v.closest('.knp__art')!==rail.children[actuel])v.pause();});var n=media.articles.length,a=media.articles[actuel];lire.href=a.url;\n  lire.querySelector('span').textContent=EN?(a.video?(a.libelle_en||(media.nom==='TF1 Info'?'Watch the newscast on TF1+':'Watch the video')):('Read on '+media.nom)):(a.libelle||('Read the article on '+media.nom));\n  compte.textContent=n>1?(actuel+1)+' \/ '+n:'';\n  fl[0].hidden=fl[1].hidden=n<2;fl[0].classList.toggle('knp--bout',actuel===0);fl[1].classList.toggle('knp--bout',actuel===n-1);}\nfunction aller(i){i=Math.max(0,Math.min(media.articles.length-1,i));actuel=i;maj();rail.scrollTo({left:i*rail.clientWidth,behavior:matchMedia('(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce)').matches?'auto':'smooth'});}\nfunction ouvrir(b,clavier){var m=D[b.dataset.media];if(!m)return;media=m;dernier=clavier?b:null;\n  var img=b.querySelector('img');logo.src=img.getAttribute('src');logo.alt=m.nom;\n  ['width','height'].forEach(function(k){var v=img.getAttribute(k);if(v)logo.setAttribute(k,v);else logo.removeAttribute(k);});\n  logo.className=img.classList.contains('knp--fixe')?'knp--fixe':'';\n  dlg.setAttribute('aria-label',m.nom+(m.articles.length>1?', '+m.articles.length+(EN?' publications':' publications'):''));\n  rail.textContent='';\n  m.articles.forEach(function(a){var c=el('article','knp__art');\n    if(a.date||!a.paraphrase){var meta=el('p','knp__meta');if(a.date){var t=el('time',null,dateTxt(a.date));t.dateTime=a.date;meta.appendChild(t);}\n    if(!a.paraphrase)meta.appendChild(document.createTextNode((a.date?' \u00b7 ':'')+a.auteur));c.appendChild(meta);}\n    c.appendChild(el('h3','knp__titre-art',a.titre));\n    if(a.video){var v=el('video','knp__video');v.controls=true;v.playsInline=true;v.preload='none';v.src=a.video;if(a.poster)v.poster=a.poster;v.setAttribute('aria-label',a.titre);c.appendChild(v);}\n    else if(a.paraphrase){c.appendChild(el('p','knp__extrait',a.citation));}\n    else{var q=el('q','knp__citation',a.citation);q.cite=a.url;c.appendChild(q);}\n    rail.appendChild(c);});\n  s.classList.add('knp--ouvert');\n  if(typeof dlg.showModal==='function')dlg.showModal();else dlg.setAttribute('open','');\n  rail.scrollLeft=0;actuel=0;maj();}\nfunction fermer(){if(dlg.open){if(typeof dlg.close==='function')dlg.close();else dlg.removeAttribute('open');}}\ndlg.addEventListener('close',function(){rail.querySelectorAll('video').forEach(function(v){v.pause();});s.classList.remove('knp--ouvert');var p=s.querySelector('.knp__piste');\n  if(dernier){dernier.focus();}else{if(s.contains(document.activeElement))document.activeElement.blur();if(p)p.scrollLeft=0;}});\ndlg.addEventListener('click',function(e){if(e.target===dlg)fermer();});\ndlg.querySelector('.knp__fermer').addEventListener('click',fermer);\nrail.addEventListener('scroll',function(){if(!media)return;clearTimeout(minuteur);minuteur=setTimeout(lirePos,90);},{passive:true});\nwindow.addEventListener('resize',function(){if(dlg.open){rail.scrollLeft=actuel*rail.clientWidth;maj();}},{passive:true});\nfl.forEach(function(f){f.addEventListener('click',function(){aller(actuel+(+f.dataset.dir));});});\ndlg.addEventListener('keydown',function(e){if(!media||media.articles.length<2||e.target.closest('a,video'))return;\n  if(e.key==='ArrowRight'&&actuel<media.articles.length-1){e.preventDefault();aller(actuel+1);}\n  else if(e.key==='ArrowLeft'&&actuel>0){e.preventDefault();aller(actuel-1);}});\ns.querySelectorAll('button.knp__logo').forEach(function(b){b.addEventListener('click',function(e){ouvrir(b,e.detail===0&&b.tabIndex>=0);});});\n}\ndocument.querySelectorAll('.knp').forEach(lier);\n})();\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"kcv-tabs\" id=\"kcv-cabinet\" aria-label=\"Administrative closure lawyer in Paris\">\n  <div class=\"kcv-in\">\n    <div class=\"kcv-tabs-head\">\n      <p class=\"kk\">Kohen Avocats, Paris 17<\/p>\n      <h2>Administrative closure: <em>what the prefect must respect<\/em><\/h2>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcv-bar\"><div class=\"kcv-chips\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Case sections\"><button class=\"kcv-chip-t on\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-avocat\" aria-controls=\"kcv-avocat\" aria-selected=\"true\" tabindex=\"0\">The lawyer<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-p1\" aria-controls=\"kcv-p1\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">The rules<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-p2\" aria-controls=\"kcv-p2\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">Your documents<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-p3\" aria-controls=\"kcv-p3\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">The method<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-p4\" aria-controls=\"kcv-p4\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">The timetable<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-p5\" aria-controls=\"kcv-p5\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">The checks<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-synthese\" aria-controls=\"kcv-synthese\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">Summary<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-faq\" aria-controls=\"kcv-faq\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">Questions<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-textes\" aria-controls=\"kcv-textes\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">Legal texts<\/button><\/div><\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcv-track\"><div class=\"kcv-slide kcv-on\" id=\"kcv-avocat\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-avocat\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<div class=\"kcv-pro\">\n  <figure class=\"kcv-pro-photo\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" src=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/kohen-footer\/portrait-reda-20260920-lignes-orange.jpg\" alt=\"Reda Kohen, lawyer at the Paris Bar\" width=\"1122\" height=\"1402\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\">\n    <figcaption class=\"kcv-pro-cap kcv-glass\"><span class=\"kcv-pro-capn\">Reda Kohen<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pro-capr\">Lawyer at the Paris Bar<\/span><\/figcaption>\n  <\/figure>\n  <div class=\"kcv-pro-body\">\n    <p class=\"kk\">Restaurateurs and hospitality \u00b7 Paris 17th<\/p>\n    <h2>What an <em>administrative closure lawyer<\/em> in Paris does<\/h2>\n    <ul class=\"kcv-pro-tags\"><li>Paris Bar<\/li><li>Licensed premises and restaurants<\/li><li>Urgent administrative applications<\/li><\/ul>\n    <p class=\"kcv-p\">Reda Kohen, lawyer at the Paris Bar, can assist operators of bars, restaurants and nightclubs facing administrative closure or already subject to an order.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-p\">The firm first examines the phase preceding the order: the letter announcing the proposed measure, the grievances it sets out, the time allowed to reply and the possibility of requesting a hearing. This adversarial phase is often decisive, before the prefect as before the judge.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-p\">Depending on the case, it then checks the exact legal basis of the measure, whether <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054335402\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054335402\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 8272-2 of the Labour Code<\/a> or the Internal Security Code, the duration chosen in light of the statutory ceilings, and whether an urgent application for suspension (r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-suspension) or for protection of a fundamental freedom (r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-libert\u00e9) is advisable.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-p\">Send what you have, even if incomplete: the firm will prioritise and complete the file with you. In an emergency, call <a href=\"tel:+33646605822\">06 46 60 58 22<\/a>.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-pro-meta\"><a href=\"https:\/\/consultation.avocat.fr\/avocat-paris\/reda-kohen-54670.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Official profile in the directory of French lawyers (CNB)<\/a><span>Firm at 11 rue Margueritte, 75017 Paris<\/span><\/p>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-cards\">\n  <div class=\"kcv-card\"><h3>Before the order<\/h3><p>Precise written observations, a request for a hearing and documents on corrective measures can influence whether the closure is ordered and how long it lasts.<\/p><\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcv-card\"><h3>The right legal basis<\/h3><p>Breach of regulations, disturbance of public order, offence, illegal work or trafficking: each legal basis has its own conditions, maximum duration and safeguards.<\/p><\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcv-card\"><h3>The urgent applications judge<\/h3><p>A suspension requires urgency that is concretely justified, often by the accounts, and either a serious doubt as to lawfulness or a serious and manifestly unlawful infringement of a fundamental freedom.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p1\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">The rules<\/p>\n<h2>Prefect, adversarial procedure, duration: <em>the applicable rules<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">Four rules govern the closure of licensed premises or a restaurant ordered by the prefectoral authority.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"kcv-conds\">\n  <li>Closure may be ordered in the event of a breach of the laws and regulations specific to such establishments, a threat to public order, health, tranquillity or morality, or criminal acts or offences (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code<\/a>). In Paris, these powers are exercised by the Police Prefect. The judge regards it as a police measure intended to prevent the continuation or recurrence of disorder, not as a sanction (<a href=\"https:\/\/opendata.justice-administrative.fr\/recherche\/shareFile\/TA75\/DTA_2319667_20250107\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TA Paris, 7 January 2025, No. 2319667<\/a>).<\/li>\n  <li>Outside the case of a warning, the measure is subject to the Code of Relations between the Public and the Administration: it must state reasons (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031367505\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031367505\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 211-2 of the Code of Relations between the Public and the Administration<\/a>) and be preceded by a procedure allowing written and, on request, oral observations to be submitted (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031367431\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031367431\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 122-1 of the Code of Relations between the Public and the Administration<\/a>). The Nancy administrative court annulled a two-month closure ordered without granting the interview requested within the time allowed (<a href=\"https:\/\/opendata.justice-administrative.fr\/recherche\/shareFile\/TA54\/DTA_2402200_20260702\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TA Nancy, 2 July 2026, No. 2402200<\/a>).<\/li>\n  <li>Since 20 August 2026, the maximum duration is six months for a breach of regulations and three months for a threat to public order, raised to twelve and six months respectively in the event of repeat conduct; a closure based on a serious crime or an offence may last up to six months, then twelve in the event of repeat conduct (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code, as amended by Law No. 2026-798 of 18 August 2026<\/a>).<\/li>\n  <li>For closures linked to public order or a criminal offence, the facts must be connected with the patronage of the establishment or the way it is run. The Paris administrative court assesses this link objectively, regardless of the conduct of those in charge, and upheld a twenty-one-day closure after a homicide committed by a customer seated on the terrace (<a href=\"https:\/\/opendata.justice-administrative.fr\/recherche\/shareFile\/TA75\/DTA_2312039_20250106\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TA Paris, 6 January 2025, No. 2312039<\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"kcv-callout\"><span class=\"kcv-callout-i\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M9.6 6C6.5 7.4 4.5 10 4.5 13.4V18h6v-6H7.6c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L9.6 6zm9 0c-3.1 1.4-5.1 4-5.1 7.4V18h6v-6h-2.9c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L18.6 6z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><p>A closure is not a penalty: the prefect must justify a risk that the disorder will recur. Corrective measures taken promptly and documented are therefore a substantive argument, and not merely proof of good will.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p2\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">Your documents<\/p>\n<h2>What to gather according to <em>the stage of the procedure<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">The documents are not the same before and after the order is signed.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-duel\">\n  <div class=\"kcv-opt kcv-opt-a\"><p class=\"kcv-opt-k\">Position A<\/p><p class=\"kcv-opt-t\">You have received a letter of intent<\/p><ul><li>The Police Prefect's letter, its envelope or the acknowledgement of receipt, to date the time limit for replying<\/li><li>The reports, incident log entries or police records cited, or the written request to consult them<\/li><li>Evidence of the measures taken since the events: security, opening hours, sound limiter, staff<\/li><li>The request for a hearing, sent to the correct address and kept together with proof of dispatch<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcv-or\" aria-hidden=\"true\">or<\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcv-opt kcv-opt-b\"><p class=\"kcv-opt-k\">Position B<\/p><p class=\"kcv-opt-t\">The closure order has been served<\/p><ul><li>The full order, the date and method of service, and the observations submitted beforehand<\/li><li>Balance sheets, profit and loss accounts, recent bank statements, fixed costs and number of employees<\/li><li>Commercial commitments jeopardised by the closure: private hire, bookings, events<\/li><li>Reports by a commissaire de justice (court bailiff), sound measurements or statements contradicting the facts alleged<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-callout\"><span class=\"kcv-callout-i\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M9.6 6C6.5 7.4 4.5 10 4.5 13.4V18h6v-6H7.6c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L9.6 6zm9 0c-3.1 1.4-5.1 4-5.1 7.4V18h6v-6h-2.9c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L18.6 6z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><p>An isolated accountant's certificate rarely convinces the urgent applications judge. The decisions reviewed below show that proof of urgency rests on complete, dated accounts.<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"kcv-p\">The firm also handles:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"kcv-pro-tags\"><li>Licence to sell alcoholic drinks<\/li><li>Commercial leases<\/li><li>Undeclared work<\/li><li>Noise nuisance<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p3\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">The method<\/p>\n<h2>How the firm <em>supports you<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">Reply to the prefect in time, then choose the appropriate form of challenge in court.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-rows\">\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Step 1<\/p><h3>Reading the letter or the order<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\">The firm identifies the signing authority, the legal basis cited, the facts alleged, their date and the time allowed to reply or to apply to the judge.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Step 2<\/p><h3>Observations to the Police Prefect<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\">It prepares written observations that address the facts, the link with the running of the business and the proposed duration, and requests a hearing where that may help the case.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Step 3<\/p><h3>Urgent application suited to the situation<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\">Depending on the urgency and the nature of the defect, it will steer towards an urgent application for suspension (r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-suspension), accompanied by a substantive action, or towards an urgent application for protection of a fundamental freedom (r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-libert\u00e9), decided within forty-eight hours.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Step 4<\/p><h3>Substantive action and follow-up<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\">It conducts the action for annulment and, if the order is unlawful, examines the prior claim for compensation addressed to the State for justified operating losses.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-callout\"><span class=\"kcv-callout-i\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M9.6 6C6.5 7.4 4.5 10 4.5 13.4V18h6v-6H7.6c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L9.6 6zm9 0c-3.1 1.4-5.1 4-5.1 7.4V18h6v-6h-2.9c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L18.6 6z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><p>An urgent application only results in a provisional measure: in a r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-suspension, the action for annulment filed in parallel remains to be decided, as quickly as possible where suspension has been ordered. A r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-libert\u00e9, by contrast, does not require a substantive action.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p4\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">The timetable<\/p>\n<h2>The timeline <em>of an administrative closure<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">From the police inspection to reopening or judgment.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"kcv-hs\"><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Inspection or incident<\/p><p><strong>Day of the events.<\/strong> Note the times, those involved and the identity of the persons concerned, and keep any useful footage and exchanges.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Letter of intent<\/p><p>The prefect announces the proposed measure, the reasons for it and the time allowed to submit written observations or request a hearing.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Observations and hearing<\/p><p>Reply within the time limit, at the address indicated, with documents on the facts, the clientele and corrective measures.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Order and service<\/p><p>The order sets the duration. Where based on point 1 or 2 of Article L. 3332-15, it becomes enforceable only forty-eight hours after service where the facts date from more than forty-five days before it was signed.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Urgent application<\/p><p>A r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-libert\u00e9 is decided within forty-eight hours; a r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-suspension requires a substantive application filed in parallel.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Substantive action<\/p><p>The action for annulment must be brought within two months of service; it may then support a claim for compensation.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p5\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">The checks<\/p>\n<h2>What the firm checks <em>in the order<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">Each point is checked against the order and the file from the adversarial phase.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-split\">\n  <ul class=\"kcv-check\"><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Authority and signature: Police Prefect in Paris, delegation of signature to the signatory, authority to act on the legal basis relied on.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Legal basis: point 1, 2 or 3 of Article L. 3332-15, Labour Code or Internal Security Code, with the corresponding maximum duration.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Adversarial procedure: grievances announced in advance, sufficient time, request for a hearing dealt with, urgency or exceptional circumstances genuinely invoked.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Facts: materiality established by the reports, link with the patronage or running of the establishment, age of the facts on the date of the order.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Duration: proportionality to the seriousness of the facts, the establishment's history, corrective measures already taken and economic effects.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n  <aside class=\"kcv-act\">\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-k\">Case documents<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-t\">Send what you have, even if incomplete<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-p\">Submit your documents through the confidential form at the top of the page: the firm will prioritise and complete the file with you.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"kcv-act-b\"><a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-mail\" href=\"#kch-form\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"2.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"19\" height=\"15\" rx=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m3.5 6.5 8.5 6.5 8.5-6.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Send your documents<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">confidential form<\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-tel\" href=\"tel:+33646605822\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 16.9v3a2 2 0 0 1-2.2 2 19.8 19.8 0 0 1-8.6-3.1 19.5 19.5 0 0 1-6-6A19.8 19.8 0 0 1 2.1 4.2 2 2 0 0 1 4.1 2h3a2 2 0 0 1 2 1.7c.1.9.4 1.8.7 2.7a2 2 0 0 1-.5 2.1L8 9.8a16 16 0 0 0 6 6l1.3-1.3a2 2 0 0 1 2.1-.4c.9.3 1.8.6 2.7.7a2 2 0 0 1 1.7 2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Call the firm<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">06&nbsp;46&nbsp;60&nbsp;58&nbsp;22<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n  <\/aside>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-synthese\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-synthese\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">Summary<\/p>\n<h2>Situation, priority, <em>response<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">The situations most often seen in Paris determine the first useful step.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-rows\">\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>Letter of intent received after an inspection<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> The letter, the reports cited, evidence of corrective measures, proof that observations were sent.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> The time stated in the letter, often a few days.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful step:<\/strong> Written observations, a request for a hearing and discussion of the proposed duration.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>Order served without prior observations<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> The order, the date of service, the absence of any letter or invitation to submit observations.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> Act as soon as the order is served, before the measure has been fully carried out.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful step:<\/strong> Check the urgency or exceptional circumstances relied on, then an urgent application and a substantive action.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>Closure for noise nuisance or crowds gathering<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Police reports, distance from homes, contrary reports and measurements, complaints produced.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> Gather the contrary measurements before the urgent application hearing.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful step:<\/strong> Challenge the materiality or seriousness of the disturbance and the proportionality of the duration.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>Warning from the Police Prefect<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> The warning letter, the initial report, material on the facts alleged.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> Two months for the action for annulment.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful step:<\/strong> Challenge the warning, which is a precondition for any future closure.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>Closure for undeclared work<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Police report or inspection report, hiring declarations, proportion of employees concerned.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> Maximum duration of three months under the Labour Code.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful step:<\/strong> Address proportionality, seriousness and regularisation, and follow the parallel criminal proceedings.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>Closure annulled after it has been carried out<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> The annulment judgment, accounts for the period, fixed costs, salaries and lost commitments.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> Prior claim to the State before any application for compensation.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful step:<\/strong> Quantify the operating loss that is genuinely justified and claim compensation.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-faq\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-faq\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">Frequently asked questions<\/p>\n<h2>Your questions: <em>administrative closure<\/em><\/h2>\n<div class=\"kcv-faqgrid\">\n  <aside class=\"kcv-act kcv-act-sticky\">\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-k\">13 questions<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-t\">A situation not listed here?<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-p\">Every case has its own features. The firm reads your documents before answering you.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"kcv-act-b\"><a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-tel\" href=\"tel:+33646605822\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 16.9v3a2 2 0 0 1-2.2 2 19.8 19.8 0 0 1-8.6-3.1 19.5 19.5 0 0 1-6-6A19.8 19.8 0 0 1 2.1 4.2 2 2 0 0 1 4.1 2h3a2 2 0 0 1 2 1.7c.1.9.4 1.8.7 2.7a2 2 0 0 1-.5 2.1L8 9.8a16 16 0 0 0 6 6l1.3-1.3a2 2 0 0 1 2.1-.4c.9.3 1.8.6 2.7.7a2 2 0 0 1 1.7 2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Call the firm<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">06&nbsp;46&nbsp;60&nbsp;58&nbsp;22<\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-mail\" href=\"#kch-form\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"2.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"19\" height=\"15\" rx=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m3.5 6.5 8.5 6.5 8.5-6.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Send your documents<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">confidential form<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n  <\/aside>\n  <div class=\"kcv-faq\"><details><summary>Who decides the administrative closure of a bar or restaurant in Paris?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>In the departments, the closure of licensed premises or a restaurant falls to the State's representative. In Paris, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code<\/a> expressly confers these powers on the Police Prefect. He or she therefore signs the letter of intent and then the closure order, either directly or through an official holding a delegation of signature. The Minister of the Interior may also order a closure of three months to one year for breaches of regulations and criminal acts; the length of any closure already ordered by the prefect is then deducted from that decided by the Minister (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006688048\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006688048\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 3332-16 of the Public Health Code<\/a>).<\/p><p>Other provisions give the same Police Prefect a separate closure power. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725401\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725401\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 332-1 of the Internal Security Code<\/a> covers takeaway outlets selling alcoholic drinks or food prepared on site whose activity disturbs public order, safety or tranquillity. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000051737808\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000051737808\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 333-2 of the Internal Security Code<\/a> allows premises to be closed to prevent certain offences, including drug trafficking and handling of stolen goods. The first check is therefore to identify the provision actually applied, since it governs the maximum duration and the conditions of the measure.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Must the prefect hear the operator before closing the establishment?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>In principle, yes. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code<\/a> subjects closures to the Code of Relations between the Public and the Administration, with the exception of the warning. A closure is a police measure that must state reasons under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031367505\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031367505\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 211-2 of the Code of Relations between the Public and the Administration<\/a>; it may therefore be taken only after the operator has been enabled to submit written observations and, if requested, oral observations, with the assistance of counsel (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031367431\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031367431\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 122-1 of the Code of Relations between the Public and the Administration<\/a>).<\/p><p>The courts check what this procedure actually involved. The Lyon administrative court annulled a seven-day closure because several facts relied on in the order had not been announced in the letters sent to the manager, which had deprived him or her of a safeguard (<a href=\"https:\/\/opendata.justice-administrative.fr\/recherche\/shareFile\/TA69\/DTA_2402331_20260522\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TA Lyon, 22 May 2026, No. 2402331<\/a>). The Nancy administrative court annulled a two-month closure because the State had not granted the interview requested within the fifteen-day period (<a href=\"https:\/\/opendata.justice-administrative.fr\/recherche\/shareFile\/TA54\/DTA_2402200_20260702\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TA Nancy, 2 July 2026, No. 2402200<\/a>). Conversely, the Paris administrative court rejected the argument where the requests for a hearing, sent to a wrong email address, had never reached the Police Prefect (<a href=\"https:\/\/opendata.justice-administrative.fr\/recherche\/shareFile\/TA75\/DTA_2319667_20250107\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TA Paris, 7 January 2025, No. 2319667<\/a>).<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>How should I reply to a letter announcing a proposed closure?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>The letter of intent sets the framework for the discussion: the facts alleged, the legal basis envisaged, sometimes the duration, and the time allowed to reply. First, date its receipt and note the address, postal or electronic, to which observations must be sent. A reply sent elsewhere may never be read, which the Paris administrative court held against an operator whose emails bore an incomplete address.<\/p><p>Useful observations address each fact announced: its date, its materiality, the identity of the persons involved and their connection with the customers. They then describe the measures taken since, such as reinforced security, changed opening hours, a sound limiter or staff training. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code<\/a> also allows the prefect to reduce the duration of a closure for a threat to public order where the operator undertakes to complete the training for the operating permit (permis d'exploitation). The request for a hearing is made in writing, within the time limit, and kept together with proof of dispatch. The firm reviews the letter, identifies any grievances that are missing or imprecise and prepares a reply that will also serve before the judge if the order is made.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Can a closure be decided without an adversarial procedure?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>Yes, in limited cases. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031367426\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031367426\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 121-2 of the Code of Relations between the Public and the Administration<\/a> disapplies the general adversarial procedure in cases of urgency or exceptional circumstances, or where its implementation would compromise public order. It also disapplies it where a statute has established a specific adversarial procedure, which then applies instead. The administration must then be able to justify the situation it relies on, and the judge checks that it is genuine on the basis of the documents in the file.<\/p><p>The Paris administrative court held that the Police Prefect could close a restaurant in the 8th arrondissement for twenty-one days without inviting the manager to submit observations, following a homicide committed by a customer seated on the terrace, because of the urgency of preventing such acts from recurring and the exceptional circumstances mentioned in the order (<a href=\"https:\/\/opendata.justice-administrative.fr\/recherche\/shareFile\/TA75\/DTA_2312039_20250106\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TA Paris, 6 January 2025, No. 2312039<\/a>). That decision is unfavourable to the operator, and it rests on facts of particular gravity. Where the order comes several weeks after ordinary facts, with no explained urgency, the absence of an adversarial procedure remains an argument to examine closely. The firm compares the date of the facts, the date of the order and the reasons given for dispensing with observations.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>How long can an administrative closure last?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>The duration depends on the legal basis. In its wording in force since 20 August 2026, resulting from Law No. 2026-798 of 18 August 2026, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code<\/a> provides for a maximum of six months for a breach of the laws and regulations governing licensed premises and restaurants, and twelve months in the event of repeat conduct. For a threat to public order, health, tranquillity or morality, the ceiling is three months, raised to six in the event of repeat conduct. A closure based on a serious crime or an offence may be ordered for six months, then up to twelve in the event of repeat conduct, and entails cancellation of the operating permit.<\/p><p>These ceilings do not relieve the prefect of the need to set a proportionate duration. The Council of State held that a second two-month closure, a few months after a first one-month closure, was not disproportionate given the shortcomings found in a nightclub (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000053395111\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000053395111\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">CE, urgent applications judge, 21 January 2026, No. 511243<\/a>). The Paris administrative court likewise took into account an earlier nine-day closure in upholding a new fifteen-day closure (<a href=\"https:\/\/opendata.justice-administrative.fr\/recherche\/shareFile\/TA75\/DTA_2319667_20250107\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TA Paris, 7 January 2025, No. 2319667<\/a>). The establishment's history therefore forms part of the assessment. Decisions given before 20 August 2026 apply the former two-month ceiling for public order: they inform the proportionality review, not the current maximum duration.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>From when does the closure order apply?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>The order applies in principle from its service, on the terms it sets. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code<\/a> provides a specific rule: where the closure is based on a breach of regulations or a threat to public order, and the facts are more than forty-five days old on the date of signature, the order becomes enforceable only forty-eight hours after service. That period leaves time to apply to the urgent applications judge before the closure takes effect.<\/p><p>The date of the facts relied on, the date of signature and the date of service must therefore be noted immediately. Where the establishment does not close, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725375\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725375\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 3352-6 of the Public Health Code<\/a> punishes failure to comply with the measure with two months' imprisonment and a fine of \u20ac3,750, and the measure may also be enforced by the authority of its own motion. Challenging the order does not suspend its execution: only an order of the urgent applications judge made under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006449326\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006449326\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 521-1 of the Code of Administrative Justice<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006449327\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006449327\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 521-2 of the Code of Administrative Justice<\/a> can have that effect. The firm checks the computation of these time limits as soon as the order is received, then prepares the urgent application before the closure has been fully carried out.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Should I choose a r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-suspension or a r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-libert\u00e9?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>The two procedures are subject to different conditions. The r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-suspension under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006449326\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006449326\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 521-1 of the Code of Administrative Justice<\/a> requires an action for annulment filed in parallel, urgency and a ground capable of creating a serious doubt as to the lawfulness of the order. The r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-libert\u00e9 under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006449327\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006449327\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 521-2 of the Code of Administrative Justice<\/a> requires particular urgency and a serious and manifestly unlawful infringement of a fundamental freedom, here the freedom to conduct a business; the judge rules within forty-eight hours.<\/p><p>The r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-libert\u00e9 is faster but more demanding. The Council of State held that alleged procedural irregularities did not, on their own, amount to a serious and manifestly unlawful infringement justifying its intervention (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000053395111\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000053395111\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">CE, urgent applications judge, 21 January 2026, No. 511243<\/a>). The Paris administrative court nonetheless suspended, in a r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-libert\u00e9, the closure of the outdoor area of an establishment in the Bois de Vincennes, because the nuisance alleged had not been established with the gravity claimed (<a href=\"https:\/\/opendata.justice-administrative.fr\/recherche\/shareFile\/TA75\/ORTA_2524484_20250827\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TA Paris, order, 27 August 2025, No. 2524484<\/a>). An order made in a r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-libert\u00e9 may be appealed to the Council of State within fifteen days of its service, whereas an order in a r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-suspension is final, as is a rejection made without a hearing under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006449333\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006449333\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 522-3 of the Code of Administrative Justice<\/a>, even in a r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-libert\u00e9 (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006449334\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006449334\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 523-1 of the Code of Administrative Justice<\/a>). The choice therefore depends on the documents available and the nature of the defect.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>How can urgency be shown to the urgent applications judge?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>Urgency is not presumed. The judge expects precise evidence of the company's financial situation and of the concrete effect of the closure. The Paris administrative court rejected an application based on a chartered accountant's certificate describing fixed costs, where the balance sheet produced showed a surplus (<a href=\"https:\/\/opendata.justice-administrative.fr\/recherche\/shareFile\/TA75\/ORTA_2613197_20260430\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TA Paris, order, 30 April 2026, No. 2613197<\/a>). The Council of State declined to find urgency for a business closed for three months, in the absence of balance sheets and profit and loss accounts (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000054810543\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000054810543\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">CE, urgent applications judge, 4 September 2026, No. 519166<\/a>).<\/p><p>The judge also weighs the operator's situation against the imminence of the risks the measure is meant to prevent. The Council of State recalled this in respect of two nightclubs closed for a month, noting repeated alcohol-related disturbances despite an earlier closure (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000047963128\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000047963128\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">CE, urgent applications judge, 27 July 2023, No. 475960<\/a>). Conversely, urgency was accepted where the operator showed private-hire bookings already sold, substantial fixed costs and a risk of a cash shortfall (<a href=\"https:\/\/opendata.justice-administrative.fr\/recherche\/shareFile\/TA75\/ORTA_2524484_20250827\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TA Paris, order, 27 August 2025, No. 2524484<\/a>). The time taken to apply also counts: a delay of almost a month was held against a company whose restaurant had been closed by a mayor (<a href=\"https:\/\/opendata.justice-administrative.fr\/recherche\/shareFile\/TA95\/ORTA_2607414_20260409\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TA Cergy-Pontoise, order, 9 April 2026, No. 2607414<\/a>). The accounts must therefore be assembled as soon as the order is served.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Can a warning from the prefect be challenged?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>Yes. For a breach of the laws and regulations governing licensed premises and restaurants, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code<\/a> requires a prior warning before any closure, and a warning may take its place where the failing is exceptional or easy to correct. The warning is excluded from the rules of the Code of Relations between the Public and the Administration, but it has real effects: it is a precondition for a future closure in the event of a further breach.<\/p><p>The Paris administrative court of appeal has inferred that it is a decision adversely affecting its addressee, open to an action for abuse of power (recours pour exc\u00e8s de pouvoir). It annulled a warning issued to a nightclub, for lack of proof that the brawls recorded in the vicinity were attributable to customers becoming intoxicated inside the establishment (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000043278848\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000043278848\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">CAA Paris, 4th ch., 17 March 2021, No. 19PA03099<\/a>). In 2025, hearing a Police Prefect's warning sent to a Paris restaurant accused of serving alcohol without meals, it again held it open to challenge, set aside the order declaring the application inadmissible and referred the case back to the administrative court, without ruling on its lawfulness (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000051842970\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000051842970\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">CAA Paris, 6th ch., 2 July 2025, No. 25PA00435<\/a>). Challenging the warning within two months prevents it from later serving as an unchallenged basis for a closure.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Do disturbances occurring outside the establishment justify a closure?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>They may, provided they are connected with the patronage of the establishment or the way it is run, as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code<\/a> requires for closures linked to public order or an offence. The judge assesses this link objectively. The judge does not look for fault on the part of the manager, but for the origin of the disorder in the establishment's activity.<\/p><p>The Paris administrative court found this link in the case of a gathering of some forty customers drinking alcohol on the pavement outside a bar in the 11th arrondissement, and held an acoustic measurement unnecessary to establish the disturbance (<a href=\"https:\/\/opendata.justice-administrative.fr\/recherche\/shareFile\/TA75\/DTA_2319667_20250107\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TA Paris, 7 January 2025, No. 2319667<\/a>). By contrast, the Paris administrative court of appeal refused to attribute to a nightclub violence committed in its vicinity, for lack of detail on whether the persons involved were customers and on their state of intoxication (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000043278848\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000043278848\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">CAA Paris, 4th ch., 17 March 2021, No. 19PA03099<\/a>). The defence therefore turns on the identity of those responsible, the time of the events, the presence of other establishments and the distance of local residents. The firm tests each police report against these points before discussing the measure.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Does closure for undeclared work follow the same rules?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>It may rest on two provisions. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054335402\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054335402\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 8272-2 of the Labour Code<\/a> allows the administrative authority, on the basis of a police report or inspection report recording illegal work, to close the establishment for up to three months, by reasoned decision, if the proportion of employees concerned warrants it having regard to the repetition or seriousness of the facts. The measure is lifted automatically in the event of acquittal or dismissal, and its duration is deducted from any additional penalty of closure. The prefect may also rely on point 3 of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code<\/a>, which covers criminal acts.<\/p><p>The Paris administrative court of appeal held unlawful a fifteen-day closure ordered for undeclared work, because the operators had regularised the declarations and engaged a security firm before the order, so that no disorder remained to be prevented (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000037506892\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000037506892\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">CAA Paris, 4th ch., 18 October 2018, No. 17PA02929<\/a>). In another case, where a six-month closure also rested on the sale of alcohol without the required licence, the Council of State refused suspension: the argument based on the presumption of innocence, raised against the taking into account of an undeclared employee whose employment was disputed and had not been established by the judicial authority, did not create a serious doubt on the state of the investigation (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000036586702\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000036586702\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">CE, 5th ch., 7 February 2018, No. 413845<\/a>). Prompt, documented regularisation can support the challenge, especially where no history or sign of repeat conduct leaves any disorder to be prevented.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Can compensation be obtained after an unlawful closure?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>Yes, if the unlawfulness of the order caused direct and certain loss. The Paris administrative court of appeal ordered the State to compensate the operators of a bar-restaurant in the 11th arrondissement closed for fifteen days by the Police Prefect, after holding the closure unlawful for lack of any disorder to prevent (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000037506892\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/ceta\/id\/CETATEXT000037506892\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">CAA Paris, 4th ch., 18 October 2018, No. 17PA02929<\/a>). It accepted the operating loss and the fixed costs justified by the profit and loss account, the rent receipt and the invoices, but rejected the heads of loss that were not established.<\/p><p>The claim for compensation must first be addressed to the administration, since a court may be seised of a claim for a sum of money only after a decision has been taken on a prior claim (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000039807005\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000039807005\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article R. 421-1 of the Code of Administrative Justice<\/a>). The loss is proved by the accounts for the closure period, salaries paid with nothing in return, lost commercial commitments and damage to the clientele. The firm ties each head of loss to a document before bringing the claim.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Within what time limit must the closure order be challenged on the merits?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>The action for annulment must be brought before the administrative court within two months of service of the order (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000039807005\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000039807005\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article R. 421-1 of the Code of Administrative Justice<\/a>). An informal administrative appeal (recours gracieux) to the Police Prefect, or a hierarchical appeal to the Minister, made within that period interrupts it (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031367829\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031367829\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 411-2 of the Code of Relations between the Public and the Administration<\/a>). It does not, however, suspend execution of the closure, which continues to apply while it is examined.<\/p><p>Where the closure is short, it is often over before the court rules on the merits. The action nonetheless remains worthwhile: it establishes the unlawfulness, prepares any claim for compensation and prevents the measure from being relied on without discussion as a previous incident in later proceedings. The r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-suspension, for its part, is admissible only if accompanied by this substantive action (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006449326\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006449326\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article L. 521-1 of the Code of Administrative Justice<\/a>). In practice, the two applications are often filed on the same day. The firm checks the date of service, the statement of remedies and time limits on the order and the territorially competent court before any filing.<\/p><\/div><\/details><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-textes\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-textes\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">Sources and related pages<\/p>\n<h2>Official texts and <em>related pages<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">The sources for this page and the firm's related areas of practice.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-arts\"><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725387\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">closure of licensed premises and restaurants, durations, Police Prefect in Paris<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006688048\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006688048\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 3332-16 of the Public Health Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">closure ordered by the Minister of the Interior<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725375\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725375\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 3352-6 of the Public Health Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">failure to comply with a closure measure<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031367431\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031367431\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 122-1 of the Code of Relations between the Public and the Administration<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">written and oral observations<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031367426\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031367426\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 121-2 of the Code of Relations between the Public and the Administration<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">exceptions to the adversarial procedure<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031367505\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000031367505\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 211-2 of the Code of Relations between the Public and the Administration<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">statement of reasons for police measures<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006449326\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006449326\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 521-1 of the Code of Administrative Justice<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">urgent application for suspension (r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-suspension)<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006449327\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006449327\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 521-2 of the Code of Administrative Justice<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">urgent application for protection of a fundamental freedom (r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-libert\u00e9)<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054335402\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054335402\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 8272-2 of the Labour Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">closure for illegal work<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000051737808\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000051737808\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 333-2 of the Internal Security Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">closure linked to drug trafficking and related offences<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725401\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054725401\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Article L. 332-1 of the Internal Security Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">takeaway outlets<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"kcv-center\">Further reading<\/h3>\n<div class=\"kcv-pgs\"><a class=\"kcv-pg\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/restaurant-lawyer-paris\/\"><span class=\"kcv-pg-t\">Lawyer for restaurateurs<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pg-s\">Firm's practice area<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-pg\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/commercial-lease-lawyer-paris\/\"><span class=\"kcv-pg-t\">Commercial lease<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pg-s\">Firm's practice area<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-pg\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/2026\/06\/25\/fermeture-administrative-restaurant-hygiene-recours-urgence\/\"><span class=\"kcv-pg-t\">Closure for hygiene<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pg-s\">Firm's practice area<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<p class=\"kcv-small kcv-center\">Page updated on 1 November 2026.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"kcv-cta\">\n  <div class=\"kcv-in\">\n    <div class=\"kcv-cta-card\">\n      <h2>Closure announced or already ordered? <em>Take stock today<\/em>.<\/h2>\n      <p>Send the letter of intent or the order, the reports received and your latest accounts: the firm will check the procedure followed, the duration chosen and the appropriate urgent application.<\/p>\n      <div class=\"kcv-btns\">\n        <a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-tel\" href=\"tel:+33646605822\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 16.9v3a2 2 0 0 1-2.2 2 19.8 19.8 0 0 1-8.6-3.1 19.5 19.5 0 0 1-6-6A19.8 19.8 0 0 1 2.1 4.2 2 2 0 0 1 4.1 2h3a2 2 0 0 1 2 1.7c.1.9.4 1.8.7 2.7a2 2 0 0 1-.5 2.1L8 9.8a16 16 0 0 0 6 6l1.3-1.3a2 2 0 0 1 2.1-.4c.9.3 1.8.6 2.7.7a2 2 0 0 1 1.7 2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Call the firm<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">06&nbsp;46&nbsp;60&nbsp;58&nbsp;22<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n        <a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-mail\" href=\"#kch-form\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"2.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"19\" height=\"15\" rx=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m3.5 6.5 8.5 6.5 8.5-6.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Send your documents<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">confidential form<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"kcv-news-band\"><h2>The latest <em>news.<\/em><\/h2><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who decides the administrative closure of a bar or restaurant in Paris?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"In the departments, the closure of licensed premises or a restaurant falls to the State's representative. In Paris, Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code expressly confers these powers on the Police Prefect. He or she therefore signs the letter of intent and then the closure order, either directly or through an official holding a delegation of signature. The Minister of the Interior may also order a closure of three months to one year for breaches of regulations and criminal acts; the length of any closure already ordered by the prefect is then deducted from that decided by the Minister (Article L. 3332-16 of the Public Health Code). Other provisions give the same Police Prefect a separate closure power. Article L. 332-1 of the Internal Security Code covers takeaway outlets selling alcoholic drinks or food prepared on site whose activity disturbs public order, safety or tranquillity. Article L. 333-2 of the Internal Security Code allows premises to be closed to prevent certain offences, including drug trafficking and handling of stolen goods. The first check is therefore to identify the provision actually applied, since it governs the maximum duration and the conditions of the measure.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Must the prefect hear the operator before closing the establishment?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"In principle, yes. Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code subjects closures to the Code of Relations between the Public and the Administration, with the exception of the warning. A closure is a police measure that must state reasons under Article L. 211-2 of the Code of Relations between the Public and the Administration; it may therefore be taken only after the operator has been enabled to submit written observations and, if requested, oral observations, with the assistance of counsel (Article L. 122-1 of the Code of Relations between the Public and the Administration). The courts check what this procedure actually involved. The Lyon administrative court annulled a seven-day closure because several facts relied on in the order had not been announced in the letters sent to the manager, which had deprived him or her of a safeguard (TA Lyon, 22 May 2026, No. 2402331). The Nancy administrative court annulled a two-month closure because the State had not granted the interview requested within the fifteen-day period (TA Nancy, 2 July 2026, No. 2402200). Conversely, the Paris administrative court rejected the argument where the requests for a hearing, sent to a wrong email address, had never reached the Police Prefect (TA Paris, 7 January 2025, No. 2319667).\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How should I reply to a letter announcing a proposed closure?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The letter of intent sets the framework for the discussion: the facts alleged, the legal basis envisaged, sometimes the duration, and the time allowed to reply. First, date its receipt and note the address, postal or electronic, to which observations must be sent. A reply sent elsewhere may never be read, which the Paris administrative court held against an operator whose emails bore an incomplete address. Useful observations address each fact announced: its date, its materiality, the identity of the persons involved and their connection with the customers. They then describe the measures taken since, such as reinforced security, changed opening hours, a sound limiter or staff training. Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code also allows the prefect to reduce the duration of a closure for a threat to public order where the operator undertakes to complete the training for the operating permit (permis d'exploitation). The request for a hearing is made in writing, within the time limit, and kept together with proof of dispatch. The firm reviews the letter, identifies any grievances that are missing or imprecise and prepares a reply that will also serve before the judge if the order is made.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can a closure be decided without an adversarial procedure?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes, in limited cases. Article L. 121-2 of the Code of Relations between the Public and the Administration disapplies the general adversarial procedure in cases of urgency or exceptional circumstances, or where its implementation would compromise public order. It also disapplies it where a statute has established a specific adversarial procedure, which then applies instead. The administration must then be able to justify the situation it relies on, and the judge checks that it is genuine on the basis of the documents in the file. The Paris administrative court held that the Police Prefect could close a restaurant in the 8th arrondissement for twenty-one days without inviting the manager to submit observations, following a homicide committed by a customer seated on the terrace, because of the urgency of preventing such acts from recurring and the exceptional circumstances mentioned in the order (TA Paris, 6 January 2025, No. 2312039). That decision is unfavourable to the operator, and it rests on facts of particular gravity. Where the order comes several weeks after ordinary facts, with no explained urgency, the absence of an adversarial procedure remains an argument to examine closely. The firm compares the date of the facts, the date of the order and the reasons given for dispensing with observations.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How long can an administrative closure last?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The duration depends on the legal basis. In its wording in force since 20 August 2026, resulting from Law No. 2026-798 of 18 August 2026, Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code provides for a maximum of six months for a breach of the laws and regulations governing licensed premises and restaurants, and twelve months in the event of repeat conduct. For a threat to public order, health, tranquillity or morality, the ceiling is three months, raised to six in the event of repeat conduct. A closure based on a serious crime or an offence may be ordered for six months, then up to twelve in the event of repeat conduct, and entails cancellation of the operating permit. These ceilings do not relieve the prefect of the need to set a proportionate duration. The Council of State held that a second two-month closure, a few months after a first one-month closure, was not disproportionate given the shortcomings found in a nightclub (CE, urgent applications judge, 21 January 2026, No. 511243). The Paris administrative court likewise took into account an earlier nine-day closure in upholding a new fifteen-day closure (TA Paris, 7 January 2025, No. 2319667). The establishment's history therefore forms part of the assessment. Decisions given before 20 August 2026 apply the former two-month ceiling for public order: they inform the proportionality review, not the current maximum duration.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"From when does the closure order apply?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The order applies in principle from its service, on the terms it sets. Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code provides a specific rule: where the closure is based on a breach of regulations or a threat to public order, and the facts are more than forty-five days old on the date of signature, the order becomes enforceable only forty-eight hours after service. That period leaves time to apply to the urgent applications judge before the closure takes effect. The date of the facts relied on, the date of signature and the date of service must therefore be noted immediately. Where the establishment does not close, Article L. 3352-6 of the Public Health Code punishes failure to comply with the measure with two months' imprisonment and a fine of \u20ac3,750, and the measure may also be enforced by the authority of its own motion. Challenging the order does not suspend its execution: only an order of the urgent applications judge made under Article L. 521-1 of the Code of Administrative Justice or Article L. 521-2 of the Code of Administrative Justice can have that effect. The firm checks the computation of these time limits as soon as the order is received, then prepares the urgent application before the closure has been fully carried out.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Should I choose a r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-suspension or a r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-libert\u00e9?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The two procedures are subject to different conditions. The r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-suspension under Article L. 521-1 of the Code of Administrative Justice requires an action for annulment filed in parallel, urgency and a ground capable of creating a serious doubt as to the lawfulness of the order. The r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-libert\u00e9 under Article L. 521-2 of the Code of Administrative Justice requires particular urgency and a serious and manifestly unlawful infringement of a fundamental freedom, here the freedom to conduct a business; the judge rules within forty-eight hours. The r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-libert\u00e9 is faster but more demanding. The Council of State held that alleged procedural irregularities did not, on their own, amount to a serious and manifestly unlawful infringement justifying its intervention (CE, urgent applications judge, 21 January 2026, No. 511243). The Paris administrative court nonetheless suspended, in a r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-libert\u00e9, the closure of the outdoor area of an establishment in the Bois de Vincennes, because the nuisance alleged had not been established with the gravity claimed (TA Paris, order, 27 August 2025, No. 2524484). An order made in a r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-libert\u00e9 may be appealed to the Council of State within fifteen days of its service, whereas an order in a r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-suspension is final, as is a rejection made without a hearing under Article L. 522-3 of the Code of Administrative Justice, even in a r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-libert\u00e9 (Article L. 523-1 of the Code of Administrative Justice). The choice therefore depends on the documents available and the nature of the defect.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How can urgency be shown to the urgent applications judge?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Urgency is not presumed. The judge expects precise evidence of the company's financial situation and of the concrete effect of the closure. The Paris administrative court rejected an application based on a chartered accountant's certificate describing fixed costs, where the balance sheet produced showed a surplus (TA Paris, order, 30 April 2026, No. 2613197). The Council of State declined to find urgency for a business closed for three months, in the absence of balance sheets and profit and loss accounts (CE, urgent applications judge, 4 September 2026, No. 519166). The judge also weighs the operator's situation against the imminence of the risks the measure is meant to prevent. The Council of State recalled this in respect of two nightclubs closed for a month, noting repeated alcohol-related disturbances despite an earlier closure (CE, urgent applications judge, 27 July 2023, No. 475960). Conversely, urgency was accepted where the operator showed private-hire bookings already sold, substantial fixed costs and a risk of a cash shortfall (TA Paris, order, 27 August 2025, No. 2524484). The time taken to apply also counts: a delay of almost a month was held against a company whose restaurant had been closed by a mayor (TA Cergy-Pontoise, order, 9 April 2026, No. 2607414). The accounts must therefore be assembled as soon as the order is served.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can a warning from the prefect be challenged?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. For a breach of the laws and regulations governing licensed premises and restaurants, Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code requires a prior warning before any closure, and a warning may take its place where the failing is exceptional or easy to correct. The warning is excluded from the rules of the Code of Relations between the Public and the Administration, but it has real effects: it is a precondition for a future closure in the event of a further breach. The Paris administrative court of appeal has inferred that it is a decision adversely affecting its addressee, open to an action for abuse of power (recours pour exc\u00e8s de pouvoir). It annulled a warning issued to a nightclub, for lack of proof that the brawls recorded in the vicinity were attributable to customers becoming intoxicated inside the establishment (CAA Paris, 4th ch., 17 March 2021, No. 19PA03099). In 2025, hearing a Police Prefect's warning sent to a Paris restaurant accused of serving alcohol without meals, it again held it open to challenge, set aside the order declaring the application inadmissible and referred the case back to the administrative court, without ruling on its lawfulness (CAA Paris, 6th ch., 2 July 2025, No. 25PA00435). Challenging the warning within two months prevents it from later serving as an unchallenged basis for a closure.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Do disturbances occurring outside the establishment justify a closure?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"They may, provided they are connected with the patronage of the establishment or the way it is run, as Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code requires for closures linked to public order or an offence. The judge assesses this link objectively. The judge does not look for fault on the part of the manager, but for the origin of the disorder in the establishment's activity. The Paris administrative court found this link in the case of a gathering of some forty customers drinking alcohol on the pavement outside a bar in the 11th arrondissement, and held an acoustic measurement unnecessary to establish the disturbance (TA Paris, 7 January 2025, No. 2319667). By contrast, the Paris administrative court of appeal refused to attribute to a nightclub violence committed in its vicinity, for lack of detail on whether the persons involved were customers and on their state of intoxication (CAA Paris, 4th ch., 17 March 2021, No. 19PA03099). The defence therefore turns on the identity of those responsible, the time of the events, the presence of other establishments and the distance of local residents. The firm tests each police report against these points before discussing the measure.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Does closure for undeclared work follow the same rules?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"It may rest on two provisions. Article L. 8272-2 of the Labour Code allows the administrative authority, on the basis of a police report or inspection report recording illegal work, to close the establishment for up to three months, by reasoned decision, if the proportion of employees concerned warrants it having regard to the repetition or seriousness of the facts. The measure is lifted automatically in the event of acquittal or dismissal, and its duration is deducted from any additional penalty of closure. The prefect may also rely on point 3 of Article L. 3332-15 of the Public Health Code, which covers criminal acts. The Paris administrative court of appeal held unlawful a fifteen-day closure ordered for undeclared work, because the operators had regularised the declarations and engaged a security firm before the order, so that no disorder remained to be prevented (CAA Paris, 4th ch., 18 October 2018, No. 17PA02929). In another case, where a six-month closure also rested on the sale of alcohol without the required licence, the Council of State refused suspension: the argument based on the presumption of innocence, raised against the taking into account of an undeclared employee whose employment was disputed and had not been established by the judicial authority, did not create a serious doubt on the state of the investigation (CE, 5th ch., 7 February 2018, No. 413845). Prompt, documented regularisation can support the challenge, especially where no history or sign of repeat conduct leaves any disorder to be prevented.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can compensation be obtained after an unlawful closure?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes, if the unlawfulness of the order caused direct and certain loss. The Paris administrative court of appeal ordered the State to compensate the operators of a bar-restaurant in the 11th arrondissement closed for fifteen days by the Police Prefect, after holding the closure unlawful for lack of any disorder to prevent (CAA Paris, 4th ch., 18 October 2018, No. 17PA02929). It accepted the operating loss and the fixed costs justified by the profit and loss account, the rent receipt and the invoices, but rejected the heads of loss that were not established. The claim for compensation must first be addressed to the administration, since a court may be seised of a claim for a sum of money only after a decision has been taken on a prior claim (Article R. 421-1 of the Code of Administrative Justice). The loss is proved by the accounts for the closure period, salaries paid with nothing in return, lost commercial commitments and damage to the clientele. The firm ties each head of loss to a document before bringing the claim.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Within what time limit must the closure order be challenged on the merits?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The action for annulment must be brought before the administrative court within two months of service of the order (Article R. 421-1 of the Code of Administrative Justice). An informal administrative appeal (recours gracieux) to the Police Prefect, or a hierarchical appeal to the Minister, made within that period interrupts it (Article L. 411-2 of the Code of Relations between the Public and the Administration). It does not, however, suspend execution of the closure, which continues to apply while it is examined. Where the closure is short, it is often over before the court rules on the merits. The action nonetheless remains worthwhile: it establishes the unlawfulness, prepares any claim for compensation and prevents the measure from being relied on without discussion as a previous incident in later proceedings. The r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9-suspension, for its part, is admissible only if accompanied by this substantive action (Article L. 521-1 of the Code of Administrative Justice). In practice, the two applications are often filed on the same day. The firm checks the date of service, the statement of remedies and time limits on the order and the territorially competent court before any filing.\"}}]}<\/script><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"LegalService\", \"name\": \"Administrative closure lawyer in Paris \u2014 Kohen Avocats\", \"url\": \"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\/\", \"telephone\": \"+33646605822\", \"email\": \"contact@kohenavocats.fr\", \"address\": {\"@type\": \"PostalAddress\", \"streetAddress\": \"11 rue Margueritte\", \"postalCode\": \"75017\", \"addressLocality\": \"Paris\", \"addressCountry\": \"FR\"}, \"areaServed\": \"Paris region (\u00cele-de-France)\", \"founder\": {\"@type\": \"Person\", \"name\": \"Reda Kohen\", \"jobTitle\": \"Lawyer at the Paris Bar\", \"sameAs\": [\"https:\/\/consultation.avocat.fr\/avocat-paris\/reda-kohen-54670.html\"]}, \"openingHours\": \"Mo-Su 00:00-24:00\"}<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f3b7639 scroll-horizontal e-con-full e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f3b7639\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;gradient&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f285e18 elementor-grid-3 elementor-grid-tablet-2 elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-loop-grid\" data-id=\"f285e18\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;template_id&quot;:1983483,&quot;columns&quot;:3,&quot;_skin&quot;:&quot;post&quot;,&quot;columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;edit_handle_selector&quot;:&quot;[data-elementor-type=\\&quot;loop-item\\&quot;]&quot;,&quot;row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;row_gap_widescreen&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;row_gap_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;row_gap_tablet_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;row_gap_mobile_extra&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"loop-grid.post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-loop-container elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2157105 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2157105 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/andrej-lisakov-fLyCZtHPWjA-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style><style id=\"loop-1983483\">.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836{--display:flex;--min-height:250px;--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:100%;--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--justify-content:center;--border-radius:24px 24px 24px 24px;}.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-position:center center;background-size:cover;}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title{font-family:var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-family ), Sans-serif;font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-weight );text-transform:var( --e-global-typography-primary-text-transform );color:var( --e-global-color-primary );}.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-daf2e8{text-align:center;}.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-daf2e8 .elementor-heading-title{font-family:\"Lato\", Sans-serif;font-size:20px;font-weight:500;text-transform:none;font-style:normal;text-decoration:none;line-height:30px;letter-spacing:0.1px;word-spacing:0px;}@media(max-width:1024px){.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-daf2e8 .elementor-heading-title{font-size:23px;line-height:1.4em;}}@media(max-width:767px){.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-daf2e8 .elementor-heading-title{font-size:22px;}}@media(min-width:768px){.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836{--content-width:1600px;}}@media(min-width:2400px){.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-daf2e8 .elementor-heading-title{line-height:30px;}}\/* Start custom CSS for html, class: .elementor-element-b7e11a6 *\/.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-b7e11a6 {\n    position: absolute;\n    width: 0;\n    height: 0;\n    overflow: hidden;\n    opacity: 0;\n    pointer-events: none;\n  }\/* End custom CSS *\/\n\/* Start custom CSS for html, class: .elementor-element-bcaeb6b *\/.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-bcaeb6b {\n    position: absolute;\n    width: 0;\n    height: 0;\n    overflow: hidden;\n    opacity: 0;\n    pointer-events: none;\n  }\/* End custom CSS *\/\n\/* Start custom CSS for container, class: .elementor-element-5bca5836 *\/.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 {\n  position: relative;\n  box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);\n  transition: all 1.2s cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.1, 0.25, 1);\n  \n  \/* Interlignage responsive pour le texte contenu *\/\n  line-height: clamp(1.5, 1.4 + 0.2vw, 1.8);\n  \n  \/* R\u00e9duction de la taille du texte normal *\/\n  font-size: 0.9em;\n}\n\/* Assurer que le contenu soit au-dessus des pseudo-\u00e9l\u00e9ments *\/\n.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > * {\n  position: relative;\n  z-index: 1;\n}\n\/* Interlignage + r\u00e9duction taille pour les titres *\/\n.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h1,\n.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h2,\n.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h3,\n.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h4,\n.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h5,\n.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h6,\n.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 .elementor-heading-title {\n  line-height: clamp(1.2, 1.15 + 0.1vw, 1.35) !important;\n  font-size: 0.85em !important;\n}\n\/* M\u00e9dia queries pour affiner l'interlignage des titres *\/\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 {\n    font-size: 0.85em;\n  }\n  \n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h1,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h2,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h3,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h4,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h5,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h6,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 .elementor-heading-title {\n    line-height: 1.25 !important;\n    font-size: 0.8em !important;\n  }\n}\n@media (min-width: 769px) and (max-width: 1200px) {\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 {\n    font-size: 0.9em;\n  }\n  \n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h1,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h2,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h3,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h4,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h5,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h6,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 .elementor-heading-title {\n    line-height: 1.3 !important;\n    font-size: 0.85em !important;\n  }\n}\n@media (min-width: 1201px) {\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 {\n    font-size: 0.95em;\n  }\n  \n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h1,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h2,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h3,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h4,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h5,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 h6,\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 .elementor-heading-title {\n    line-height: 1.35 !important;\n    font-size: 0.9em !important;\n  }\n}\n\/* M\u00e9dia queries pour le texte normal *\/\n@media (max-width: 768px) {\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 {\n    line-height: 1.6;\n  }\n}\n@media (min-width: 769px) and (max-width: 1200px) {\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 {\n    line-height: 1.65;\n  }\n}\n@media (min-width: 1201px) {\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 {\n    line-height: 1.75;\n  }\n}\n\/* Filtre noir semi-transparent - \u00c9tat initial visible, maintenu au hover *\/\n\/* Z-INDEX 1 : au-dessus du flou mais en dessous du texte *\/\n.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836::before {\n  content: '';\n  position: absolute;\n  inset: 0;\n  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);\n  backdrop-filter: blur(0px);\n  opacity: 1;\n  pointer-events: none;\n  z-index: 1;\n  transition: backdrop-filter 1.2s cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.1, 0.25, 1);\n  will-change: backdrop-filter;\n}\n\/* Brillance + flou - \u00c9tat initial invisible *\/\n\/* Z-INDEX 0 : en dessous de la teinte noire *\/\n.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836::after {\n  content: '';\n  position: absolute;\n  inset: 0;\n  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);\n  box-shadow: \n    inset 0.5px 0.5px 0.5px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0),\n    inset -0.5px -0.5px 0.5px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);\n  opacity: 0;\n  pointer-events: none;\n  z-index: 0;\n  transition: all 1.2s cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.1, 0.25, 1);\n}\n\/* ACTIVATION AU HOVER *\/\n.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:hover {\n  box-shadow: 0 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 0 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);\n  transform: translateY(-2px);\n}\n.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:hover::before {\n  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);\n}\n.elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:hover::after {\n  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);\n  box-shadow: \n    inset 0.5px 0.5px 0.5px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15),\n    inset -0.5px -0.5px 0.5px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);\n  opacity: 1;\n} \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n  .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 {\n    flex-shrink: 0 !important;\n    scroll-snap-align: start !important;\n    width: clamp(300px, 30vw, 400px) !important;\n    min-width: 300px !important;\n  }\n\n  @media (max-width: 767px) {\n    .elementor-1983483 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 {\n      width: 350px !important;\n      min-width: 350px !important;\n      max-width: 350px !important;\n    }\n  }\/* End custom CSS *\/<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2157105 post-2157105 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/25\/foreign-business-france-vat-registration-fiscal-representative-challenge-abroad\/\">Your Foreign Business Owes French VAT Without a French Company: Registration, Fiscal Representative and How to Challenge the Bill From Abroad<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2157083 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2157083 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/tim-schmidbauer-EnC5f7At4ac-unsplash-1-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2157083 post-2157083 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/25\/foreign-company-france-unpaid-invoice-penalties-injonction-payer-abroad\/\">Your French Client Has Not Paid: Late-Payment Penalties, the 40 Euro Fee and the Injunction-to-Pay While You Live Abroad<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2157055 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2157055 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/allison-saeng-Hpw4nI_QUWQ-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2157055 post-2157055 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/25\/foreign-company-france-corporate-bank-account-refusal-abroad\/\">Your French Bank Won&#8217;t Open a Corporate Account While You Live Abroad: Right to an Account, Banque de France Designation and the Anti-Money-Laundering Wall<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2157013 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2157013 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/getty-images-p1ZW7qeVRyE-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2157013 post-2157013 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/25\/foreign-company-france-sas-pay-abroad-salary-dividends-management-fees\/\">Your French SAS Pays You While You Live Abroad: Salary, Dividends or Management Fees<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2156883 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2156883 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/getty-images-p1ZW7qeVRyE-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2156883 post-2156883 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/25\/foreign-company-france-sas-capital-increase-cash-call-filing-abroad\/\">Your French SAS Needs Cash From Abroad: Increase Capital, Call Up Unpaid Shares or Lend Instead \u2014 Filing and New Kbis Without Flying to Paris<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2156702 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2156702 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/pawel-czerwinski-mIT9kEQBC6Q-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2156702 post-2156702 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/24\/foreign-company-france-hire-first-employee-dpae-contract-trial-pay-abroad\/\">Hiring Your First French Employee While You Live Abroad: DPAE, Contract, Trial Period, Pay and Registration<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2156668 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2156668 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/alex-vasey-F5HtPjpBb9k-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2156668 post-2156668 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/24\/foreign-company-france-management-fees-transfer-pricing-file-defence-abroad\/\">Your French Subsidiary Pays Management Fees to Its Foreign Parent While You Live Abroad: Transfer Pricing File, Deduction and Reassessment Defence<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2156642 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2156642 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/shubham-dhage-ICCn56-jyuw-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2156642 post-2156642 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/24\/foreign-company-france-shareholder-loan-compte-courant-abroad\/\">Your French Subsidiary Needs Cash From Abroad: Shareholder Loans (Compte Courant d&#8217;Associe), Interest, Approval and Getting Repaid<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2156579 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2156579 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/viktor-forgacs-5j8nd3QpRbo-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2156579 post-2156579 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/24\/foreign-company-france-close-dissolution-liquidation-tax-radiation-abroad\/\">Closing Your French Company From Abroad: Voluntary Dissolution, Friendly Liquidation, Tax Clearance and Striking Off<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2156527 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2156527 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/mohamed-nohassi-vGTXy8FS7b0-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2156527 post-2156527 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/24\/foreign-company-france-subsidiary-insolvent-director-liability-45-days-abroad\/\">Your French Subsidiary Goes Insolvent While You Live Abroad: 45-Day Filing, Director Liability and Sanctions Defence<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2156477 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2156477 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/zyanya-citlalli-gy0ATtkEcZs-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2156477 post-2156477 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/24\/foreign-company-france-cofounder-deadlock-exclusion-buyout-dissolution-abroad\/\">Your French Co-founder Blocks the Company While You Live Abroad: Forced Exclusion, Buyout Price and Court Dissolution for Deadlock<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<style id=\"loop-dynamic-1983483\">.e-loop-item-2156434 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .e-loop-item-2156434 .elementor-element.elementor-element-5bca5836 > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/pawel-czerwinski-EPAQ0_u0VZo-unsplash-scaled.webp\");}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1983483\" class=\"elementor elementor-1983483 e-loop-item e-loop-item-2156434 post-2156434 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-decryptage category-doing-business-in-france\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5bca5836 card-item e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5bca5836\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-daf2e8 card-title elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"daf2e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/2026\/10\/24\/foreign-company-france-e-invoicing-mandate-timetable-penalties-abroad\/\">Your French Company Must Switch to E-Invoicing From Abroad: 2026-2027 Timetable, Compliant Invoices and Penalty Defence<\/a><\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e11a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"b7e11a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t <script>\n  (function() {\n    let attempts = 0;\n    const maxAttempts = 20; \/\/ 20 tentatives = 10 secondes max\n\n    function tryClean() {\n      attempts++;\n      console.log('Tentative', attempts);\n\n      \/\/ Cherche TOUS les conteneurs possibles\n      const containers = document.querySelectorAll(\n        '.elementor-widget-theme-post-content .elementor-widget-container, ' +\n        '.card-item [class*=\"post-content\"], ' +\n        '.elementor-loop-container [class*=\"widget-container\"]'\n      );\n\n      console.log('Conteneurs trouv\u00e9s:', containers.length);\n\n      if (containers.length === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        \/\/ R\u00e9essaye dans 500ms\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n        return;\n      }\n\n      let cleaned = 0;\n\n      containers.forEach(function(container) {\n        const html = container.innerHTML;\n\n        if (html && html.includes('Expos\u00e9 des motifs')) {\n          console.log('Nettoyage en cours...');\n          const parts = html.split('Expos\u00e9 des motifs');\n          if (parts[1]) {\n            container.innerHTML = parts[1].trim();\n            cleaned++;\n          }\n        }\n      });\n\n      console.log('Cartes nettoy\u00e9es:', cleaned);\n\n      \/\/ Si rien n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 nettoy\u00e9 et qu'on a encore des tentatives\n      if (cleaned === 0 && attempts < maxAttempts) {\n        setTimeout(tryClean, 500);\n      }\n    }\n\n    \/\/ Lance au chargement\n    if (document.readyState === 'loading') {\n      document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', tryClean);\n    } else {\n      tryClean();\n    }\n  })();\n  <\/script>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bcaeb6b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"bcaeb6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\ndocument.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\", function() {\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Rendre la carte cliquable (Simule le lien)\n    const cards = document.querySelectorAll('.card-item');\n    \n    cards.forEach(card => {\n        card.style.cursor = 'pointer';\n        \n        \/\/ On cherche l'URL dans le titre de la carte\n        const titleLink = card.querySelector('.card-title a');\n        let url = titleLink ? titleLink.href : null;\n\n        if (url) {\n            \/\/ Clic sur toute la carte\n            card.addEventListener('click', function(e) {\n                \/\/ Si on ne clique pas d\u00e9j\u00e0 sur un bouton ou un autre lien valide\n                if (!e.target.closest('a') && !e.target.closest('button')) {\n                    window.location.href = url;\n                }\n            });\n        }\n\n        \/\/ 2. Nettoyer les liens DANS le texte (Expos\u00e9 des motifs, etc.)\n        const content = card.querySelector('.elementor-widget-theme-post-content');\n        if (content) {\n            const links = content.querySelectorAll('a');\n            links.forEach(link => {\n                \/\/ Remplace le lien <a href=\"...\">Texte<\/a> par un simple <span>Texte<\/span>\n                const span = document.createElement('span');\n                span.innerHTML = link.innerHTML;\n                link.replaceWith(span);\n            });\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fad6544 e-con-full loop-arrows e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fad6544\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f817c02 arrow-right elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"f817c02\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"64\" height=\"64\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n    <circle cx=\"32\" cy=\"32\" r=\"30\" fill=\"white\" stroke=\"#E5E7EB\" stroke-width=\"1\"\/>\n    <path d=\"M26 20L40 32L26 44\" stroke=\"black\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n  <\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8152c8 arrow-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"f8152c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"64\" height=\"64\" viewBox=\"0 0 64 64\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">\n    <circle cx=\"32\" cy=\"32\" r=\"30\" fill=\"white\" stroke=\"#E5E7EB\" stroke-width=\"1\"\/>\n    <path d=\"M38 20L24 32L38 44\" stroke=\"black\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"\/>\n  <\/svg>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f47e9c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"f47e9c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t  <script>\n  document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {\n    const scrollContainer = document.querySelector('.scroll-horizontal .elementor-loop-container');\n    const arrowLeft = document.querySelector('.loop-arrows .arrow-left');\n    const arrowRight = document.querySelector('.loop-arrows .arrow-right');\n\n    if (scrollContainer && arrowLeft && arrowRight) {\n      const scrollAmount = 400; \/\/ Ajuste selon la largeur de tes cartes\n\n      arrowRight.addEventListener('click', () => {\n        scrollContainer.scrollBy({ left: scrollAmount, behavior: 'smooth' });\n      });\n\n      arrowLeft.addEventListener('click', () => {\n        scrollContainer.scrollBy({ left: -scrollAmount, behavior: 'smooth' });\n      });\n    }\n  });\n  <\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bar, restaurant, nightclub: order of the Paris Police Prefect, adversarial procedure, urgent application and duration Administrative closure lawyer in Paris: reply to the prefect, apply to the urgent applications judge, challenge the duration. An administrative closure lawyer in Paris deals with the closure of a restaurant, bar or nightclub, where the order comes from the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":251031307,"featured_media":2157164,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2161273","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.2 (Yoast SEO v28.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Administrative Closure Lawyer Paris | Kohen Avocats<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Administrative closure lawyer Paris: reply to the Police Prefect, apply for urgent suspension and contest the duration. Call the firm.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Administrative Closure Lawyer Paris | Kohen Avocats\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Administrative closure lawyer Paris: reply to the Police Prefect, apply for urgent suspension and contest the duration. Call the firm.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Ma\u00eetre Reda Kohen, Real Estate and Business Law Attorney in Paris\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-11-04T18:38:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-fr-saisie-attribution-paysage-20261025.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1536\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Administrative Closure Lawyer Paris | Kohen Avocats\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Administrative closure lawyer Paris: reply to the Police Prefect, apply for urgent suspension and contest the duration. Call the firm.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"26 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/en\\\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/en\\\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\\\/\",\"name\":\"Administrative Closure Lawyer Paris | Kohen Avocats\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/en\\\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/en\\\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/10\\\/kohen-fr-saisie-attribution-paysage-20261025.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-11-01T22:35:54+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-11-04T18:38:14+00:00\",\"description\":\"Administrative closure lawyer Paris: reply to the Police Prefect, apply for urgent suspension and contest the duration. Call the firm.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/en\\\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/en\\\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/en\\\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/10\\\/kohen-fr-saisie-attribution-paysage-20261025.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/10\\\/kohen-fr-saisie-attribution-paysage-20261025.webp\",\"width\":1536,\"height\":1024,\"caption\":\"Avocat saisie-attribution \u00e0 Paris \u2014 Kohen Avocats\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/en\\\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Administrative closure lawyer in Paris\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"Kohen Avocats\",\"description\":\"Ma\u00eetre Reda Kohen, attorney specialized in real estate and business law in Paris, advises and assists companies and individuals in their real estate, commercial and contractual transactions. He also handles real estate litigation and the resolution of complex commercial disputes.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Kohen Avocats\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/Logo-2-1.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/05\\\/Logo-2-1.webp\",\"width\":2114,\"height\":1253,\"caption\":\"Kohen Avocats\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/kohenavocats.fr\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Administrative Closure Lawyer Paris | Kohen Avocats","description":"Administrative closure lawyer Paris: reply to the Police Prefect, apply for urgent suspension and contest the duration. Call the firm.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Administrative Closure Lawyer Paris | Kohen Avocats","og_description":"Administrative closure lawyer Paris: reply to the Police Prefect, apply for urgent suspension and contest the duration. Call the firm.","og_url":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\/","og_site_name":"Ma\u00eetre Reda Kohen, Real Estate and Business Law Attorney in Paris","article_modified_time":"2026-11-04T18:38:14+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1536,"height":1024,"url":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-fr-saisie-attribution-paysage-20261025.webp","type":"image\/webp"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_title":"Administrative Closure Lawyer Paris | Kohen Avocats","twitter_description":"Administrative closure lawyer Paris: reply to the Police Prefect, apply for urgent suspension and contest the duration. Call the firm.","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"26 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\/","url":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\/","name":"Administrative Closure Lawyer Paris | Kohen Avocats","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-fr-saisie-attribution-paysage-20261025.webp","datePublished":"2026-11-01T22:35:54+00:00","dateModified":"2026-11-04T18:38:14+00:00","description":"Administrative closure lawyer Paris: reply to the Police Prefect, apply for urgent suspension and contest the duration. Call the firm.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-fr-saisie-attribution-paysage-20261025.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-fr-saisie-attribution-paysage-20261025.webp","width":1536,"height":1024,"caption":"Avocat saisie-attribution \u00e0 Paris \u2014 Kohen Avocats"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/administrative-closure-lawyer-paris\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Administrative closure lawyer in Paris"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/","name":"Kohen Avocats","description":"Ma\u00eetre Reda Kohen, attorney specialized in real estate and business law in Paris, advises and assists companies and individuals in their real estate, commercial and contractual transactions. He also handles real estate litigation and the resolution of complex commercial disputes.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/#organization","name":"Kohen Avocats","url":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Logo-2-1.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Logo-2-1.webp","width":2114,"height":1253,"caption":"Kohen Avocats"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2161273","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/251031307"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2161273"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2161273\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2162136,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2161273\/revisions\/2162136"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2157164"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2161273"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}