{"id":2161059,"date":"2025-11-12T13:47:31","date_gmt":"2025-11-12T12:47:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/?page_id=2161059"},"modified":"2026-11-04T19:51:42","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T18:51:42","slug":"building-expert-lawyer","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/real-estate-law-attorneys-paris-75017\/building-expert-lawyer\/","title":{"rendered":"Building expert lawyer in Paris: urgent application and evidence"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"2161059\" class=\"elementor elementor-2161059 elementor-1749105\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-v51d5bf e-con-full e-ecs-flex e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"v51d5bf\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ecs_container_type&quot;:&quot;flex&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-v51d5bfw elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"v51d5bfw\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"kcv\" id=\"kci-root\" data-refresh-marker=\"refonte-fr-v3-1749105-20261014\">\n<section class=\"kcv-hero\" aria-labelledby=\"kch-h1\">\n  <div class=\"kcv-in\">\n    <div class=\"kcv-head\">\n      <p class=\"kk\">Building expert assessment \u2014 project owners and contractors<\/p>\n      <h1 id=\"kch-h1\"><em>Building expert lawyer<\/em> in Paris:<span class=\"kcv-tail\"> urgent application, evidence and technical report.<\/span><\/h1>\n      <p class=\"kcv-sub\">Looking for a building expert in Paris? The technical expert records the defects and costs the remedial work; the lawyer prepares the evidence, applies to the urgent applications judge, defines the expert\u2019s mission and defends your observations during the assessment. As a building expert lawyer in Paris, the firm coordinates these roles to turn the technical findings into usable evidence.<\/p>\n      <div class=\"kcv-btns\">\n        <a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-tel\" href=\"tel:+33646605822\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 16.9v3a2 2 0 0 1-2.2 2 19.8 19.8 0 0 1-8.6-3.1 19.5 19.5 0 0 1-6-6A19.8 19.8 0 0 1 2.1 4.2 2 2 0 0 1 4.1 2h3a2 2 0 0 1 2 1.7c.1.9.4 1.8.7 2.7a2 2 0 0 1-.5 2.1L8 9.8a16 16 0 0 0 6 6l1.3-1.3a2 2 0 0 1 2.1-.4c.9.3 1.8.6 2.7.7a2 2 0 0 1 1.7 2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Call the firm<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">06&nbsp;46&nbsp;60&nbsp;58&nbsp;22<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n        <a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-mail\" href=\"#kch-form\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"2.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"19\" height=\"15\" rx=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m3.5 6.5 8.5 6.5 8.5-6.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Send your documents<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">confidential form<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n      <\/div>\n      <p class=\"kcv-urg\">Progressive defects worsen and evidence disappears with the works: dated photos, a bailiff\u2019s report and the insurance declaration come first, and the urgent application follows.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcv-stagewrap\"><div class=\"kcv-stageshadow\"><div class=\"kcv-stage\">\n      <link rel=\"preload\" as=\"image\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-v3\/kohen-fr-1749105-paysage-20261014.webp\" media=\"(min-width:761px)\" fetchpriority=\"high\">\n      <link rel=\"preload\" as=\"image\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-v3\/kohen-fr-1749105-paysage-1080-20261014.webp\" media=\"(max-width:760px)\" fetchpriority=\"high\">\n      <div class=\"kcv-media\" aria-hidden=\"true\" style=\"--kcv-img:url('https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-v3\/kohen-fr-1749105-paysage-20261014.webp');--kcv-img-m:url('https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/kohen-v3\/kohen-fr-1749105-paysage-1080-20261014.webp')\"><\/div>\n      <div class=\"kcv-panel kcv-glass\" id=\"kch-form\">\n        <div class=\"kcv-panel-head\">\n          <div>\n            <p class=\"kcv-panel-k\">Building expert assessment \u00b7 Paris<\/p>\n            <h2 class=\"kcv-panel-t\">Get a <em>first analysis<\/em><\/h2>\n            <p class=\"kcv-panel-l\">Project owner, buyer or contractor: the timetable and the quality of the preparatory file decide the outcome of the expert assessment. Send the contract, photos and quotes \u2014 reply within 24 to 48 hours.<\/p>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"kcv-chip kcv-glass\"><p class=\"kcv-chip-n\">24 \u00e0 48 h<\/p><p class=\"kcv-chip-x\">first legal<br>review<\/p><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"kcf-wrap\">\n<form id=\"kcf-2form\" data-kcf data-api-url=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-json\/kohen-form\/v1\/submit\" data-vps-url=\"https:\/\/upload-fr.46-224-152-225.sslip.io\/submit\" data-max-size=\"1073741824\" data-max-files=\"500\" novalidate enctype=\"multipart\/form-data\">\n  <input type=\"hidden\" name=\"rendered_at\" value=\"1776847557\">\n  <div class=\"kcf-hp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><label for=\"kcf-2website\">Do not fill in<\/label><input id=\"kcf-2website\" name=\"website\" type=\"text\" tabindex=\"-1\" autocomplete=\"off\"><\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcf-price\">\n    <span class=\"kcf-price-amount\">\u20ac80<small>incl. VAT<\/small><\/span>\n    <div class=\"kcf-price-body\">\n      <p class=\"kcf-price-text\"><strong>Preliminary review of your case.<\/strong> Examination of your documents and a first written analysis by Reda Kohen, within 24 to 48 business hours. Payment is made online after this form is sent.<\/p>\n      <ul class=\"kcf-price-meta\">\n        <li>Up to 1 GB of documents, folders and subfolders accepted<\/li>\n        <li>Secure payment, no banking data stored<\/li>\n        <li><a href=\"\/conditions-etude-prealable\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Terms and fee agreement<\/a><\/li>\n      <\/ul>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcf-row\">\n    <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n      <label class=\"kcf-label\" for=\"kcf-2name\">Full name<\/label>\n      <input class=\"kcf-input\" type=\"text\" id=\"kcf-2name\" name=\"name\" placeholder=\"Your name\" required autocomplete=\"name\" aria-describedby=\"kcf-2name-err\">\n      <p class=\"kcf-field-error\" id=\"kcf-2name-err\" role=\"alert\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n      <label class=\"kcf-label\" for=\"kcf-2phone\">Telephone <span class=\"kcf-optional\">(optional)<\/span><\/label>\n      <input class=\"kcf-input\" type=\"tel\" inputmode=\"tel\" id=\"kcf-2phone\" name=\"phone\" placeholder=\"06 00 00 00 00\" autocomplete=\"tel\" aria-describedby=\"kcf-2phone-err\">\n      <p class=\"kcf-field-error\" id=\"kcf-2phone-err\" role=\"alert\"><\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n    <label class=\"kcf-label\" for=\"kcf-2email\">Email address<\/label>\n    <input class=\"kcf-input\" type=\"email\" id=\"kcf-2email\" name=\"email\" placeholder=\"your@email.com\" required autocomplete=\"email\" spellcheck=\"false\" autocapitalize=\"off\" aria-describedby=\"kcf-2email-err\">\n    <p class=\"kcf-field-error\" id=\"kcf-2email-err\" role=\"alert\"><\/p>\n  <\/div>\n  \n  <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n    <label class=\"kcf-label\" for=\"kcf-2message\">Message<\/label>\n    <textarea class=\"kcf-textarea\" id=\"kcf-2message\" name=\"message\" placeholder=\"Briefly describe your situation...\" required aria-describedby=\"kcf-2message-err\"><\/textarea>\n    <p class=\"kcf-field-error\" id=\"kcf-2message-err\" role=\"alert\"><\/p>\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcf-group\">\n    <label class=\"kcf-label\">Attachments <span class=\"kcf-optional\">(optional, 500 files max, 1 GB)<\/span><\/label>\n    <div class=\"kcf-dropzone\" id=\"kcf-2dropzone\">\n      <svg class=\"kcf-dropzone-icon\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M21 15v4a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-4\"\/><polyline points=\"17 8 12 3 7 8\"\/><line x1=\"12\" y1=\"3\" x2=\"12\" y2=\"15\"\/><\/svg>\n      <p class=\"kcf-dropzone-text\"><strong>Click<\/strong> or drag your files here<br>All formats accepted (PDF, Word, images, etc.)<\/p>\n      <input type=\"file\" name=\"attachments\" id=\"kcf-2files\" multiple>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcf-file-list\" id=\"kcf-2filelist\"><\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcf-progress\" id=\"kcf-2progress\">\n      <div class=\"kcf-progress-bar\"><div class=\"kcf-progress-fill\" id=\"kcf-2progressfill\"><\/div><\/div>\n      <p class=\"kcf-progress-text\" id=\"kcf-2progresstext\">Sending...<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n  <button type=\"submit\" class=\"kcf-btn\">\n    <span class=\"kcf-spinner\"><\/span>\n    <span class=\"kcf-btn-text\">Pay \u20ac80 and send my case<\/span>\n  <\/button>\n  <div class=\"kcf-msg\" role=\"status\" aria-live=\"polite\" aria-atomic=\"true\" tabindex=\"-1\"><\/div>\n  <p class=\"kcf-note\">Payment constitutes a request for immediate performance of your analysis. 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l'\u00c9tat.\",\"auteur\":\"data.gouv.fr\",\"paraphrase\":true,\"libelle\":\"Voir la fiche sur data.gouv.fr\"},{\"titre\":\"Commentaires des d\u00e9cisions de justice par l'IA g\u00e9n\u00e9rative\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.data.gouv.fr\/reuses\/commentaires-des-decisions-de-justice-par-lia-generative\",\"citation\":\"R\u00e9utilisation des donn\u00e9es publiques de justice publi\u00e9e par Kohen Avocats et r\u00e9f\u00e9renc\u00e9e sur data.gouv.fr.\",\"auteur\":\"data.gouv.fr\",\"paraphrase\":true,\"libelle\":\"Voir la r\u00e9utilisation sur data.gouv.fr\"}]},\"awwwards\":{\"nom\":\"Awwwards\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Kohen Avocats, site nomm\u00e9 aux Awwwards\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.awwwards.com\/sites\/kohen-avocats\",\"citation\":\"Le site du cabinet figure parmi les sites nomm\u00e9s (\u00ab Nominee \u00bb) par Awwwards, r\u00e9f\u00e9rence internationale du design web.\",\"auteur\":\"Awwwards\",\"paraphrase\":true,\"libelle\":\"Voir la fiche sur 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\u00e0 la location ?\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.leboncoin.fr\/guide\/immobilier\/bouilloires-thermiques-bientot-interdites-a-la-location-hfpj70o6.html\",\"citation\":\"Le guide immobilier cite une analyse de kohenavocats.fr parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"Leboncoin\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"femme-actuelle\":{\"nom\":\"Femme Actuelle\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"S\u00e9paration ou divorce : quelle banque et quel cr\u00e9dit pour repartir sur de bonnes bases ?\",\"date\":\"2026-09-30\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.femmeactuelle.fr\/vie-pratique\/news-vie-pratique\/separation-ou-divorce-quelle-banque-et-quel-credit-pour-repartir-sur-de-bonnes-bases-2211980\",\"citation\":\"L'article cite une analyse de kohenavocats.com parmi ses sources.\",\"auteur\":\"Femme Actuelle\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"economie-matin\":{\"nom\":\"\u00c9conomie Matin\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Nouveau bail 2026 : ce que les propri\u00e9taires doivent anticiper d\u00e8s 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l\u2019obligation de d\u00e9livrer un logement d\u00e9cent pendant toute la dur\u00e9e du bail et l\u2019ordonnance du tribunal judiciaire de B\u00e9ziers du 31 mars 2026 sur une climatisation install\u00e9e sans autorisation.\",\"auteur\":\"Science \\u0026 Vie\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"frandroid\":{\"nom\":\"Frandroid\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Fin de Rakuten France : comment r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer vos factures, vos garanties et vos points Club R\",\"date\":\"2026-09-30\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.frandroid.com\/culture-tech\/web\/3266559_fin-de-rakuten-france-comment-recuperer-vos-factures-vos-garanties-et-vos-points-club-r\",\"citation\":\"Le cabinet Kohen Avocats leur conseille de retirer cet argent et de t\u00e9l\u00e9charger tout leur historique avant le 10 novembre.\",\"auteur\":\"Frandroid\",\"paraphrase\":true},{\"titre\":\"Goutte-\u00e0-goutte et inondation : que faire quand la climatisation du voisin ruine votre terrasse 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Voil\u00e0 pourquoi\",\"date\":\"2026-10-25\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.magicmaman.com\/vous-vivez-en-immeuble-et-vous-n-avez-toujours-pas-de-chauffage-cet-automne-voila-pourquoi,3787269.asp\",\"citation\":\"Cette date nationale n\u2019existe pas. La loi ne fixe pas un calendrier d\u2019allumage commun \u00e0 tous les immeubles.\",\"auteur\":\"Cabinet Kohen Avocats\"}]},\"next\":{\"nom\":\"Next\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Fin de Bloctel, interdiction du d\u00e9marchage d\u00e8s le 11 ao\u00fbt : on fait le point\",\"date\":\"2026-08-04\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/next.ink\/249950\/fin-de-bloctel-interdiction-du-demarchage-des-le-11-aout-on-fait-le-point\/\",\"citation\":\"Selon le cabinet Kohen Avocats, les jurisprudences dans ce secteur devraient \u00ab \u00e9clairer la port\u00e9e du futur r\u00e9gime \u00bb.\",\"auteur\":\"Next\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"actu-juridique\":{\"nom\":\"Actu-Juridique\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Magistrature et franc-ma\u00e7onnerie : que dit le droit ?\",\"date\":\"2026-09-22\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.actu-juridique.fr\/professions\/magistrats\/magistrature-et-franc-maconnerie-stupeur-et-evitements\/\",\"citation\":\"L\u2019article cite en r\u00e9f\u00e9rence l\u2019analyse de Ma\u00eetre Hassan Kohen, avocat en droit p\u00e9nal \u00e0 Paris, sur l\u2019avis du Coll\u00e8ge de d\u00e9ontologie du 9 juin 2026.\",\"auteur\":\"Actu-Juridique\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"batiweb\":{\"nom\":\"Batiweb\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Mayotte : Lecornu veut un \u00ab choc de mises en chantier \u00bb\",\"date\":\"2026-08-27\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.batiweb.com\/actualites\/urbanisme\/reconstruction-mayotte-lecornu-choc-mises-chantier-49208\",\"citation\":\"Sur les autorisations d\u2019urbanisme n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 la reconstruction de Mayotte, l\u2019article cite les explications de Me Reda Kohen.\",\"auteur\":\"Batiweb\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"berliner-zeitung\":{\"nom\":\"Berliner Zeitung\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Null Euro Miete, daf\u00fcr Quizabende mit Rentnern: Wie eine 18-J\u00e4hrige ins Seniorenheim zog\",\"date\":\"2026-09-21\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.berliner-zeitung.de\/article\/null-euro-miete-dafuer-quizabende-mit-rentnern-wie-eine-18-jaehrige-ins-seniorenheim-zog-10414380\",\"citation\":\"Der Pariser Anwalt Reda Kohen ordnet das Modell als Gebrauchsleihe ein: Die Wohnung wird \u00fcberlassen, nicht vermietet.\",\"auteur\":\"Berliner Zeitung\",\"paraphrase\":true}]},\"startupitalia\":{\"nom\":\"StartupItalia\",\"articles\":[{\"titre\":\"Quasi 13 miliardi di dollari di Nvidia per la sconosciuta Hugging Face. 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if(e.key==='ArrowLeft'&&actuel>0){e.preventDefault();aller(actuel-1);}});\ns.querySelectorAll('button.knp__logo').forEach(function(b){b.addEventListener('click',function(e){ouvrir(b,e.detail===0&&b.tabIndex>=0);});});\n}\ndocument.querySelectorAll('.knp').forEach(lier);\n})();\n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"kcv-tabs\" id=\"kcv-cabinet\" aria-label=\"Building expert assessment in Paris\">\n  <div class=\"kcv-in\">\n    <div class=\"kcv-tabs-head\">\n      <p class=\"kk\">Kohen Avocats, Paris 17<\/p>\n      <h2>Building expert assessment: <em>what really decides the case<\/em><\/h2>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcv-bar\"><div class=\"kcv-chips\" role=\"tablist\" aria-label=\"Case sections\"><button class=\"kcv-chip-t on\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-avocat\" aria-controls=\"kcv-avocat\" aria-selected=\"true\" tabindex=\"0\">The lawyer<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-p1\" aria-controls=\"kcv-p1\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">The framework<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-p2\" aria-controls=\"kcv-p2\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">Your documents<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-p3\" aria-controls=\"kcv-p3\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">The method<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-p4\" aria-controls=\"kcv-p4\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">The timetable<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-p5\" aria-controls=\"kcv-p5\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">The checks<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-synthese\" aria-controls=\"kcv-synthese\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">Summary<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-faq\" aria-controls=\"kcv-faq\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">Questions<\/button><button class=\"kcv-chip-t\" type=\"button\" role=\"tab\" id=\"kcv-t-kcv-textes\" aria-controls=\"kcv-textes\" aria-selected=\"false\" tabindex=\"-1\">Legal texts<\/button><\/div><\/div>\n    <div class=\"kcv-track\"><div class=\"kcv-slide kcv-on\" id=\"kcv-avocat\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-avocat\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<div class=\"kcv-pro\">\n  <figure class=\"kcv-pro-photo\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" src=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/kohen-footer\/portrait-reda-20260920-lignes-orange.jpg\" alt=\"Reda Kohen, lawyer at the Paris Bar\" width=\"1122\" height=\"1402\" loading=\"eager\" decoding=\"async\">\n    <figcaption class=\"kcv-pro-cap kcv-glass\"><span class=\"kcv-pro-capn\">Reda Kohen<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pro-capr\">Lawyer at the Paris Bar<\/span><\/figcaption>\n  <\/figure>\n  <div class=\"kcv-pro-body\">\n    <p class=\"kk\">Real estate law \u00b7 Paris 17th arrondissement<\/p>\n    <h2>What a <em>building expert lawyer<\/em> does in Paris<\/h2>\n    <ul class=\"kcv-pro-tags\"><li>Paris Bar<\/li><li>Real estate law<\/li><li>Firm in Paris 17th<\/li><\/ul>\n    <p class=\"kcv-p\">Lawyer at the Paris Bar \u2014 urgent expert applications and construction litigation.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-p\">The assessment may be amicable adversarial, court-ordered in urgent proceedings or on the merits; a report drawn up in other proceedings remains usable if it was freely debated by the parties. For an application for a <strong>court-appointed expert assessment<\/strong> or a <strong>writ of summons for an urgent expert application<\/strong>, the key point remains Article 145 of the Code of Civil Procedure (code de proc\u00e9dure civile): since <a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/6a17df7ccdc6046d4732c484\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. 1re civ., 28 May 2026, No. 24-10.385<\/a>, the applicant does not have to prove at this stage that the action on the merits is well founded; the applicant must above all document the potential dispute, the defects, the contractors and insurers to be called, and then the mission requested from the court-appointed expert. An Article 145 urgent application is obtained in four to eight weeks on a well-documented file; the expert\u2019s operations last six to eighteen months depending on complexity. After the report: settlement if the costing converges and the insurers follow, a writ of summons on the merits otherwise.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-p\">Send what you have, even if incomplete: the firm will prioritise and complete the file with you. In an emergency, call <a href=\"tel:+33646605822\">06 46 60 58 22<\/a>.<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-pro-meta\"><a href=\"https:\/\/consultation.avocat.fr\/avocat-paris\/reda-kohen-54670.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Official profile in the directory of French lawyers (CNB)<\/a><span>Firm at 11 rue Margueritte, 75017 Paris<\/span><\/p>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-cards\">\n  <div class=\"kcv-card\"><h3>Article 145, the entry point<\/h3><p>A legitimate reason to preserve or establish evidence before any trial is enough; for a building, the court of the place where it is situated has sole jurisdiction. The assessment of that reason is for the judge (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/5fd871791a5fed8c660cf88c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. 2e civ., 10 December 2020, No. 19-22.619<\/a>).<\/p><\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcv-card\"><h3>Evidence must be documented<\/h3><p>Dated photos with a visible scale and intact metadata, remedial quotes, bailiff\u2019s reports, a chronological record of progressive defects: the legitimate reason is shown by documents.<\/p><\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcv-card\"><h3>The expert meeting must be prepared<\/h3><p>A written note to the expert, a schedule of documents, attendance at the operations, written submissions on the pre-report: the party that merely sits through the meeting is stuck with the report.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p1\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">The framework<\/p>\n<h2>From legitimate reason to <em>binding report<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">Four rules structure the building expert assessment.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"kcv-conds\">\n  <li>Article 145 of the Code of Civil Procedure allows evidence to be established before any trial on a legitimate reason; for a building, the court of the place where it is situated has sole jurisdiction.<\/li>\n  <li>The legitimate reason is shown by documents \u2014 dated photos, quotes, reports \u2014 never by assertions; a builder\u2019s refusal to come and inspect strengthens it.<\/li>\n  <li><strong>The report is built during the operations<\/strong>: written notes, presence on site, submissions on the pre-report \u2014 a missing submission leaves the expert in control of the file.<\/li>\n  <li>The report from other proceedings is usable provided it was freely debated by the parties (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/5fca80a5d739fc7044e50d82\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cass. 3e civ., 15 November 2018, No. 16-26.172<\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"kcv-callout\"><span class=\"kcv-callout-i\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M9.6 6C6.5 7.4 4.5 10 4.5 13.4V18h6v-6H7.6c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L9.6 6zm9 0c-3.1 1.4-5.1 4-5.1 7.4V18h6v-6h-2.9c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L18.6 6z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><p>The expert\u2019s mission is drafted strategically: defects listed, the qualification sought (ten-year, two-year, completion warranty, ordinary law), causes and responsibilities, cost of remedial work and loss of enjoyment. All parties involved and their insurers are brought into the operations so that the report is binding on them.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p2\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">Your documents<\/p>\n<h2>The firm\u2019s <em>documentation protocol<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">The urgent applications judge\u2019s decision and the quality of the operations depend on the preparatory file.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-duel\">\n  <div class=\"kcv-opt kcv-opt-a\"><p class=\"kcv-opt-k\">Position A<\/p><p class=\"kcv-opt-t\">Project owner<\/p><ul><li>Signed contract, accepted quotes, acceptance report<\/li><li>Dated photos from several angles, visible scale, intact EXIF data<\/li><li>Remedial quotes and letters notifying the defects<\/li><li>Formal notices sent to the contractor<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcv-or\" aria-hidden=\"true\">or<\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcv-opt kcv-opt-b\"><p class=\"kcv-opt-k\">Position B<\/p><p class=\"kcv-opt-t\">Contractor<\/p><ul><li>Contract, schedule and site meeting minutes<\/li><li>Letters lifting snags noted at acceptance<\/li><li>Ten-year liability insurance certificates<\/li><li>Correspondence with the project manager<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-callout\"><span class=\"kcv-callout-i\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M9.6 6C6.5 7.4 4.5 10 4.5 13.4V18h6v-6H7.6c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L9.6 6zm9 0c-3.1 1.4-5.1 4-5.1 7.4V18h6v-6h-2.9c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L18.6 6z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><p>Frequent mistakes: photos without a date or scale; loss not reported to the insurer immediately; repairs started before the report.<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"kcv-p\">The firm also coordinates:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"kcv-pro-tags\"><li>Amicable adversarial expert assessment<\/li><li>Challenge to the expert<\/li><li>Deposit and advance payments<\/li><li>Building-damage insurers and ten-year liability insurers<\/li><\/ul><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p3\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p3\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">The method<\/p>\n<h2>How the firm <em>supports you<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">A party without written submissions is subjected to the pace of the meeting and the content of the report.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-rows\">\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Step 1<\/p><h3>First discussion and evaluation<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\">Contract, photos, quotes, letters: first legal reading and evaluation of the legitimate reason within 24 to 48 hours.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Step 2<\/p><h3>Evidence file<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\">Chronological photos organised, additional quotes, bailiff\u2019s report, identification of the parties involved and insurers.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Step 3<\/p><h3>Article 145 urgent application and operations<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\">Writ of summons against all parties involved, oral argument, appointment of the expert, attendance at meetings, written submissions.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Step 4<\/p><h3>Settle or sue<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\">Settlement agreement if the report is clear and the insurers are at the table; a writ of summons on the merits otherwise, based on the report.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-callout\"><span class=\"kcv-callout-i\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"22\" height=\"22\" fill=\"currentColor\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M9.6 6C6.5 7.4 4.5 10 4.5 13.4V18h6v-6H7.6c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L9.6 6zm9 0c-3.1 1.4-5.1 4-5.1 7.4V18h6v-6h-2.9c.2-1.9 1.4-3.4 3.2-4.3L18.6 6z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><p>Benchmarks: urgent order within four to eight weeks; operations lasting six to eighteen months; deposit set by the judge.<\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p4\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p4\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">The timetable<\/p>\n<h2>The timeline of a <em>court-appointed expert assessment<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">From discovering the defect to the report, then compensation.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"kcv-hs\"><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Discovery<\/p><p><strong>Day 0.<\/strong> Report, dated photos, remedial quote, formal notice to the builder.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Preservation<\/p><p><strong>Day 15 to day 45.<\/strong> Bailiff\u2019s report, possible amicable expert assessment, declaration to the building-damage insurer.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Urgent application<\/p><p><strong>Day 60 to day 90.<\/strong> Article 145 writ of summons against all potential parties involved and their insurers, hearing, order.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Operations<\/p><p><strong>Months 3-12.<\/strong> Adversarial meetings, technical examinations, notes to the parties, pre-report.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">Submissions<\/p><p><strong>Pre-report.<\/strong> Reasoned written submissions, expert\u2019s replies, final report filed.<\/p><\/li><li><span class=\"kcv-hs-dot\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/span><p class=\"kcv-tl-t\">After the report<\/p><p>Settlement (Article 2044 protocol) or writ of summons on the merits; enforcement and follow-up of the remedial work.<\/p><\/li><\/ol><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-p5\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-p5\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">The checks<\/p>\n<h2>What the firm checks before going to <em>the judge<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">No writ of summons for an urgent application without these points having been validated.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-split\">\n  <ul class=\"kcv-check\"><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Reality of the defect: photos, quotes, reports, statements \u2014 a credible fact linked to a specific dispute.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Complete identification of the parties involved, subcontractors, project manager, and their insurance.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Calculation of time limits: acceptance, remaining ten-year period, limitation periods that may be raised.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Jurisdiction: court of the place where the building is situated.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Drafting of the mission: qualification, causes, responsibilities, costing, loss of enjoyment.<\/span><\/li><li><svg width=\"18\" height=\"18\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#E09019\" stroke-width=\"2.4\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><polyline points=\"20 6 9 17 4 12\"\/><\/svg><span>Budget: foreseeable deposit, cost-effectiveness of the proceedings compared with what is at stake.<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n  <aside class=\"kcv-act\">\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-k\">Case documents<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-t\">Send what you have, even if incomplete<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-p\">Submit your documents through the confidential form at the top of the page: the firm will prioritise and complete the file with you.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"kcv-act-b\"><a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-mail\" href=\"#kch-form\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"2.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"19\" height=\"15\" rx=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m3.5 6.5 8.5 6.5 8.5-6.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Send your documents<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">confidential form<\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-tel\" href=\"tel:+33646605822\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 16.9v3a2 2 0 0 1-2.2 2 19.8 19.8 0 0 1-8.6-3.1 19.5 19.5 0 0 1-6-6A19.8 19.8 0 0 1 2.1 4.2 2 2 0 0 1 4.1 2h3a2 2 0 0 1 2 1.7c.1.9.4 1.8.7 2.7a2 2 0 0 1-.5 2.1L8 9.8a16 16 0 0 0 6 6l1.3-1.3a2 2 0 0 1 2.1-.4c.9.3 1.8.6 2.7.7a2 2 0 0 1 1.7 2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Call the firm<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">06&nbsp;46&nbsp;60&nbsp;58&nbsp;22<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n  <\/aside>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-synthese\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-synthese\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">Summary<\/p>\n<h2>Situation, evidence, <em>time limit, action<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">The most frequent configurations at the firm, to quickly calibrate the priority and the procedural tool.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-rows\">\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>Water ingress appearing 3 years after acceptance<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Chronological photos, remedial quotes, technical statement.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> Before the 10th anniversary of acceptance (Article 1792-4-1).<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful action:<\/strong> Article 145 urgent application for an expert assessment against the builder, architect and insurers.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>Builder refuses to come and inspect<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Formal notices, registered letters, the refusal received.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> As soon as the refusal is established.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful action:<\/strong> Article 145 urgent application, legitimate reason strengthened by the refusal.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>Progressive structural cracks<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Dated bailiff\u2019s report, engineering firm\u2019s report, chronological photos.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> Within 2 to 4 months to avoid worsening and loss of evidence.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful action:<\/strong> Urgent application for an expert assessment with a request for protective measures.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>Acceptance without a report<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Proof of full payment, taking of possession, letters.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> 10 years from the presumed tacit acceptance.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful action:<\/strong> Action establishing tacit acceptance, then ten-year liability.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>Contractor in liquidation<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Ten-year liability insurance certificate, contract, proof of claim.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> 10 years from acceptance.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful action:<\/strong> Direct action against the ten-year liability insurer.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"kcv-row\"><div class=\"kcv-row-h\"><p class=\"kcv-row-k\">Situation<\/p><h3>Amicable expert assessment refused by the insurer<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"kcv-row-b\"><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Decisive evidence:<\/strong> Insurer\u2019s written refusal, letters, first amicable report.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Time limit:<\/strong> As soon as the opposing position is settled.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-p\"><strong>Useful action:<\/strong> Article 145 urgent application against the insurer and the builder, appointment of an independent expert.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 class=\"kcv-center\">The firm's practical cases<\/h3>\n<p class=\"kcv-small kcv-center\">Anonymised examples. The figures correspond to real cases, rounded for discretion.<\/p>\n<p class=\"kcv-p\">The anonymised examples below illustrate the variety of situations handled. The figures correspond to real cases but have been rounded for discretion.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-cards\">\n  <div class=\"kcv-card\"><h3>Article 145 urgent application obtained in 6 weeks, expert assessment ordered at \u20ac4,800<\/h3><p>Detached house delivered with a defective roof waterproofing. The roofer refused to come and inspect. Urgent application for an expert assessment served under Article 145 of the Code of Civil Procedure, hearing six weeks later, order appointing the expert and setting the deposit at \u20ac4,800. Expert operations began within the month.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-small\">Action: Article 145 urgent application. Result: expert appointed, solid basis for what follows.<\/p><\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcv-card\"><h3>Court-appointed expert assessment costs defects at \u20ac62,000, full compensation<\/h3><p>Major renovation of a Paris apartment with structural defects. Expert appointed, adversarial operations, report costing the remedial work at \u20ac62,000. Action on the merits against the builder\u2019s ten-year liability insurer, ordered to pay in full plus \u20ac7,200 for loss of enjoyment.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-small\">Action: Article 145 + ten-year liability on the merits. Result: project owner compensated, building repaired.<\/p><\/div>\n  <div class=\"kcv-card\"><h3>Well-run amicable adversarial expert assessment, \u20ac38,500 settlement without proceedings<\/h3><p>Finishing defects after acceptance of a renovation. The contractor and its insurer were summoned to an amicable adversarial expert assessment led by a private expert. Report costing the remedial work at \u20ac38,500, accepted by the insurer. Settlement agreement signed within 60 days, without applying to the urgent applications judge.<\/p><p class=\"kcv-small\">Action: amicable expert assessment + settlement. Result: rapid compensation without proceedings.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-faq\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-faq\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">Frequently asked questions<\/p>\n<h2>Your questions: <em>building expert assessment<\/em><\/h2>\n<div class=\"kcv-faqgrid\">\n  <aside class=\"kcv-act kcv-act-sticky\">\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-k\">15 questions<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-t\">A situation not listed here?<\/p>\n    <p class=\"kcv-act-p\">Every case has its own features. The firm reads your documents before answering you.<\/p>\n    <div class=\"kcv-act-b\"><a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-tel\" href=\"tel:+33646605822\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 16.9v3a2 2 0 0 1-2.2 2 19.8 19.8 0 0 1-8.6-3.1 19.5 19.5 0 0 1-6-6A19.8 19.8 0 0 1 2.1 4.2 2 2 0 0 1 4.1 2h3a2 2 0 0 1 2 1.7c.1.9.4 1.8.7 2.7a2 2 0 0 1-.5 2.1L8 9.8a16 16 0 0 0 6 6l1.3-1.3a2 2 0 0 1 2.1-.4c.9.3 1.8.6 2.7.7a2 2 0 0 1 1.7 2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Call the firm<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">06&nbsp;46&nbsp;60&nbsp;58&nbsp;22<\/span><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-mail\" href=\"#kch-form\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"2.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"19\" height=\"15\" rx=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m3.5 6.5 8.5 6.5 8.5-6.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Send your documents<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">confidential form<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n  <\/aside>\n  <div class=\"kcv-faq\"><details><summary>What is a court-appointed building expert assessment?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>A court-appointed building expert assessment is a fact-finding measure ordered by a judge and entrusted to an independent technician. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006410362\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006410362\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article 232 of the Code of Civil Procedure<\/a> (code de proc\u00e9dure civile, CPC) provides that <q>the judge may appoint any person of their choice to enlighten the court by findings, by a consultation or by an expert assessment on a question of fact requiring the knowledge of a technician<\/q> (our translation).<\/p><p>The expert summons the parties, examines the defects on an adversarial basis, collects their written submissions, proposes remedial work and costs the works. The report is put before the court. The judge is not bound by the expert\u2019s conclusions but rarely departs from them where the work is complete, reasoned and adversarial. The court-appointed expert assessment is the standard tool in any contested construction case.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>How do I obtain an expert under Article 145 of the Code of Civil Procedure?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000051869339\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000051869339\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article 145 of the Code of Civil Procedure<\/a> allows any interested person to request, by urgent application or on application without notice, a fact-finding measure before any trial. The usual route is a writ of summons for an urgent expert application before the court of the place where the building is situated.<\/p><p>The applicant must show a legitimate reason, that is, a credible and plausible fact with a useful link to a sufficiently determined potential dispute. The application sets out the mission proposed for the expert: examine the defects, identify their causes, cost the remedial work, give an opinion on responsibilities. The urgent applications judge rules, appoints an expert and sets the deposit. The procedure generally takes 6 to 10 weeks between the writ of summons and the order.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>What legitimate reason can I invoke for an urgent expert application?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>The legitimate reason is an intermediate evidential standard. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/5fd871791a5fed8c660cf88c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Second Civil Chamber ruled on 10 December 2020<\/a> that <q>the assessment of the legitimate reason within the meaning of this provision is a matter for the sovereign discretion of the trial judge<\/q> (Cass. 2e civ., 10 Dec. 2020, No. 19-22.619, published in the Bulletin) (our translation).<\/p><p>In practice, the lawyer builds the legitimate reason on three pillars. First pillar: the reality of the defect, proved by dated photos, technical statements, remedial quotes or a bailiff\u2019s report. Second pillar: the possible link with an identified builder or a ten-year liability insurer. Third pillar: the prospect of a plausible dispute on the merits, an action under the ten-year, two-year or contractual warranty. Without an established legitimate reason, the measure is refused.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>How much does a court-appointed building expert assessment cost?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>The cost depends on the complexity of the case. The initial deposit set by the order generally ranges between \u20ac2,000 and \u20ac6,000 for an ordinary construction case, and may reach \u20ac15,000 or more for a large site or several work packages. The deposit is advanced by the party applying for the assessment.<\/p><p>The expert\u2019s final fees are set by the taxation order at the close of the operations. At the merits stage, the expert assessment costs fall within the costs of proceedings (d\u00e9pens) and are borne by the losing party. An applicant who succeeds therefore recovers the deposit. Where responsibilities are shared, the costs are apportioned between the parties pro rata.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Who pays the deposit?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>The deposit is paid by the party requesting the assessment, generally the project owner. It is lodged with the court\u2019s cashier (r\u00e9gisseur), who later makes it available to the expert to cover fees and expenses. Failure to pay the deposit within the time allowed causes the measure to lapse.<\/p><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000034747868\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000034747868\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article 282 of the Code of Civil Procedure<\/a> governs the filing of the report and the expert\u2019s request for remuneration. The final taxation may exceed the initial deposit; a further sum may then be requested from the parties. The applicant should anticipate this item to avoid an unpleasant surprise during the assessment.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>How long does a building expert assessment last?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>The average duration of a building expert assessment is between 8 and 18 months from the expert\u2019s appointment to the filing of the final report. The useful phase begins with a first meeting on site, generally within two months after the deposit is paid, and continues with further meetings, written submissions, test openings and a pre-report.<\/p><p>Factors that lengthen the duration: many parties involved, destructive testing, waiting for a further assessment in another discipline, disputes over the classification of the defects. Conversely, a simple case with two or three well-organised parties and isolated defects can lead to a final report in 6 to 8 months. The firm assesses this duration from the first appointment in order to calibrate the strategy.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Can the expert be challenged?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>Yes. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006410364\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000006410364\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article 234 of the Code of Civil Procedure<\/a> provides that <q>technicians may be challenged on the same grounds as judges<\/q> (our translation). The request must be made before the judge who appointed the expert or the judge in charge of supervision, before the operations begin or as soon as the ground is revealed.<\/p><p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/5fca5b68db77e732f3ddacfa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Second Civil Chamber ruled on 27 February 2020<\/a> that <q>only the applicant for the challenge is a party to the procedure for challenging an expert<\/q> (Cass. 2e civ., 27 Feb. 2020, No. 18-24.066, published in the Bulletin) (our translation). The Court of Cassation quashed the judgment of the court that had ordered the applicant to pay the costs of the other parties to the main dispute. Typical grounds for challenge: a personal link with a party, a previous assessment on behalf of one of them, involvement in the same case as a private adviser.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>What documents should I prepare for the expert?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>Preparing the documents determines the quality of the report. On the project owner\u2019s side: works contract, accepted quotes, acceptance report, list of snags, letters notifying the defects, chronological photos, invoices, building-damage insurance certificates, amicable expert reports where applicable. On the contractor\u2019s side: signed contract, schedule and site meeting minutes, letters lifting snags, ten-year liability insurance certificates, detailed invoices.<\/p><p>The file is given to the expert under a schedule of documents, in two copies, before the first meeting. Clear numbering makes later written submissions easier. Documents with Post-it notes or illegible photocopies should be avoided. The expert appreciates an orderly and complete file, which generally results in a report more favourable to the party that made the effort to organise it.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>What should I do if the contractor refuses an amicable expert assessment?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>The contractor\u2019s refusal to take part in an amicable adversarial expert assessment is not an obstacle. You then switch to an Article 145 urgent application to obtain a court-appointed expert assessment. Proof of the refusal helps establish the legitimate reason: registered letter, formal notices, statements.<\/p><p>The lawyer applies to the urgent applications judge of the court of the place where the building is situated. The writ of summons cites all potential parties involved and their insurers. The procedure is quick: an order generally within 6 to 10 weeks. Once the expert is appointed, the contractor is summoned as of right and can no longer avoid the measure. If it does not appear, the expert continues the operations and notes its absence in the report, which will remain binding on it.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Is an amicable expert assessment binding?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>An amicable adversarial expert assessment, that is, one conducted in the presence of the duly summoned parties, has real probative value. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/5fca80a5d739fc7044e50d82\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Third Civil Chamber ruled on 15 November 2018<\/a> that <q>since these elements had been open to discussion by the parties, the court of appeal could, without breaching the adversarial principle, rely on the court-appointed expert report drawn up in proceedings between the landlord and her partner and on the expert report drawn up unilaterally at her request<\/q> (Cass. 3e civ., 15 Nov. 2018, No. 16-26.172, published in the Bulletin) (our translation).<\/p><p>An amicable expert assessment, even a non-adversarial one, can therefore feed the debate once it is put before the court and submitted for discussion. It does not replace a court-appointed expert assessment but may be enough in simple cases where liability is not seriously disputed. The lawyer often uses this route to avoid the cost and delay of an urgent expert application.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>What does a written submission to the expert contain?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>A dire is a written note sent by a party to the expert to put forward its observations, raise questions, request further investigations or challenge interim conclusions. It is the hallmark of the technical lawyer, who follows the expert operations and orchestrates the client\u2019s defence.<\/p><p>A well-constructed dire has three parts. First part: a reminder of the facts and of the mission. Second part: the technical observations, supported by the documents and statements filed. Third part: the precise requests (test opening, hearing of a given party involved, adversarial examination of an item). The submissions are annexed to the final report and the court examines them carefully. A party that refrains from making submissions considerably weakens its position on the merits.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Can the expert report be challenged?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>Yes. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/5fca80a4d739fc7044e50d78\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">First Civil Chamber ruled on 14 November 2018<\/a> that <q>a party to proceedings in which a court-appointed expert assessment was carried out may have a breach by the expert of the principle of impartiality or of the adversarial principle sanctioned by seeking its nullity, in accordance with the provisions of Article 175 of the Code of Civil Procedure<\/q> (Cass. 1re civ., 14 Nov. 2018, No. 17-27.980, published in the Bulletin) (our translation).<\/p><p>Nullity must be requested before any defence on the merits. Once the defence has begun, nullity is in principle cured. Beyond nullity, the party may criticise the report on its substance: insufficient reasoning, omitted documents, erroneous classification. The judge has sovereign discretion over the value and scope of the report and may depart from it if it is insufficiently supported.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Is the judge bound by the report?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>No. The expert report is a technical opinion, never a decision. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.courdecassation.fr\/decision\/5fca896642d4057b0589353e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">First Civil Chamber ruled on 11 July 2018<\/a> that <q>although a court-appointed expert report is binding on a party only where that party was called or represented during the expert operations, the judge may not nevertheless refuse to take the report into consideration where it has been properly put before the court and submitted for adversarial discussion by the parties; the judge must then examine whether it is corroborated by other evidence<\/q> (Cass. 1re civ., 11 July 2018, No. 17-17.441, published in the Bulletin) (our translation).<\/p><p>The judge retains discretion. The judge may accept, set aside or qualify the expert\u2019s conclusions. In practice, where the report is complete and adversarial, the judge follows it 80 or 90 per cent of the time. The scope for argument then lies in the costing, shared responsibilities or indirect losses.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Which court handles an urgent expert application in Paris?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>The Paris judicial court (tribunal judiciaire) has jurisdiction where the building is situated in Paris. The last paragraph of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000051869339\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000051869339\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\">Article 145 of the Code of Civil Procedure<\/a> provides that <q>by derogation from the second paragraph, where the fact-finding measure concerns a building, the court of the place where the building is situated has sole jurisdiction<\/q> (our translation).<\/p><p>For sites in the inner suburbs, the judicial court of Bobigny, Cr\u00e9teil, Nanterre or Versailles has jurisdiction depending on the municipality. The firm, located at <a href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/contact\/\">11 rue Margueritte 75017 Paris<\/a>, regularly argues urgent expert applications before all of these courts and coordinates expert operations throughout the jurisdiction of the Paris court of appeal.<\/p><\/div><\/details><details><summary>Is a lawyer compulsory in an Article 145 urgent application?<\/summary><div class=\"a\"><p>Before the judicial court, representation by a lawyer is in principle mandatory for any claim above \u20ac10,000. In an urgent expert application, the measure has no monetary value in itself, but the potential dispute to which it relates almost always exceeds the threshold. The established practice is therefore to instruct a lawyer.<\/p><p>Beyond the legal requirement, the lawyer\u2019s added value lies in drafting the writ of summons, wording the expert\u2019s mission and arguing the legitimate reason at the hearing. A badly framed mission leads to a worthless report; a well-constructed mission steers the expert towards the decisive questions. The firm systematically drafts the mission according to the potential dispute on the merits.<\/p><\/div><\/details><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"kcv-slide\" id=\"kcv-textes\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"kcv-t-kcv-textes\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n<p class=\"kk\">Sources and related pages<\/p>\n<h2>Official texts and <em>related pages<\/em><\/h2>\n<p class=\"kcv-lead\">The sources for this page and the firm's related areas of practice.<\/p>\n<div class=\"kcv-arts\"><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/texte_lc\/LEGITEXT000006070716\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/texte_lc\/LEGITEXT000006070716\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Code of Civil Procedure<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">Articles 145 and 232 et seq.<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-art kohen-legifrance-popup-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/texte_lc\/LEGITEXT000006070721\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-kohen-legifrance-url=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/texte_lc\/LEGITEXT000006070721\" data-kohen-legifrance-title=\"Texte officiel Legifrance\"><span class=\"kcv-art-n\">Civil Code<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-t\">builders\u2019 warranties (1792 et seq.) and settlement (2044 et seq.)<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"kcv-center\">Further reading<\/h3>\n<div class=\"kcv-pgs\"><a class=\"kcv-pg\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/real-estate-law-attorneys-paris-75017\/construction-law-lawyer\/\"><span class=\"kcv-pg-t\">Construction law<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pg-s\">Firm practice area<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-pg\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/real-estate-law-attorneys-paris-75017\/ten-year-builders-liability-lawyer\/\"><span class=\"kcv-pg-t\">Ten-year builder\u2019s liability<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pg-s\">Firm practice area<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-pg\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/real-estate-law-attorneys-paris-75017\/construction-defects-lawyer\/\"><span class=\"kcv-pg-t\">Construction defects<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pg-s\">Firm practice area<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-pg\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/real-estate-law-attorneys-paris-75017\/dommages-ouvrage-insurance-lawyer\/\"><span class=\"kcv-pg-t\">Building-damage insurance<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pg-s\">Firm practice area<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-pg\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/real-estate-law-attorneys-paris-75017\/latent-defects-lawyer\/\"><span class=\"kcv-pg-t\">Latent defects<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pg-s\">Firm practice area<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-pg\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/\"><span class=\"kcv-pg-t\">Real estate law in Paris<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pg-s\">The firm\u2019s practice group<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><a class=\"kcv-pg\" href=\"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/contact\/\"><span class=\"kcv-pg-t\">Contact<\/span><span class=\"kcv-pg-s\">Write to or meet the firm<\/span><span class=\"kcv-art-a\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"18\" height=\"18\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2.2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M7 17 17 7M9 7h8v8\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<p class=\"kcv-small kcv-center\">Page updated on 18 August 2026.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"kcv-cta\">\n  <div class=\"kcv-in\">\n    <div class=\"kcv-cta-card\">\n      <h2>A building expert assessment to start? <em>Act today<\/em>.<\/h2>\n      <p>Project owner, buyer or contractor: the timetable and the quality of the preparatory file decide the outcome of the expert assessment. Send the contract, photos and quotes \u2014 reply within 24 to 48 hours.<\/p>\n      <div class=\"kcv-btns\">\n        <a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-tel\" href=\"tel:+33646605822\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"currentColor\" stroke=\"none\" stroke-width=\"0\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M22 16.9v3a2 2 0 0 1-2.2 2 19.8 19.8 0 0 1-8.6-3.1 19.5 19.5 0 0 1-6-6A19.8 19.8 0 0 1 2.1 4.2 2 2 0 0 1 4.1 2h3a2 2 0 0 1 2 1.7c.1.9.4 1.8.7 2.7a2 2 0 0 1-.5 2.1L8 9.8a16 16 0 0 0 6 6l1.3-1.3a2 2 0 0 1 2.1-.4c.9.3 1.8.6 2.7.7a2 2 0 0 1 1.7 2z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Call the firm<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">06&nbsp;46&nbsp;60&nbsp;58&nbsp;22<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n        <a class=\"kcv-fb kcv-fb-mail\" href=\"#kch-form\"><span class=\"kcv-fb-orb\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><rect x=\"2.5\" y=\"4.5\" width=\"19\" height=\"15\" rx=\"2.5\"\/><path d=\"m3.5 6.5 8.5 6.5 8.5-6.5\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"kcv-fb-txt\">Send your documents<span class=\"kcv-fb-n\">confidential form<\/span><\/span><\/a>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"kcv-news-band\"><h2>The latest <em>news.<\/em><\/h2><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"FAQPage\", \"mainEntity\": [{\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What is a court-appointed building expert assessment?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"A court-appointed building expert assessment is a fact-finding measure ordered by a judge and entrusted to an independent technician. Article 232 of the Code of Civil Procedure (code de proc\u00e9dure civile, CPC) provides that the judge may appoint any person of their choice to enlighten the court by findings, by a consultation or by an expert assessment on a question of fact requiring the knowledge of a technician. The expert summons the parties, examines the defects on an adversarial basis, collects their written submissions, proposes remedial work and costs the works. The report is put before the court. The judge is not bound by the expert\u2019s conclusions but rarely departs from them where the work is complete, reasoned and adversarial. The court-appointed expert assessment is the standard tool in any contested construction case.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How do I obtain an expert under Article 145 of the Code of Civil Procedure?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Article 145 of the Code of Civil Procedure allows any interested person to request, by urgent application or on application without notice, a fact-finding measure before any trial. The usual route is a writ of summons for an urgent expert application before the court of the place where the building is situated. The applicant must show a legitimate reason, that is, a credible and plausible fact with a useful link to a sufficiently determined potential dispute. The application sets out the mission proposed for the expert: examine the defects, identify their causes, cost the remedial work, give an opinion on responsibilities. The urgent applications judge rules, appoints an expert and sets the deposit. The procedure generally takes 6 to 10 weeks between the writ of summons and the order.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What legitimate reason can I invoke for an urgent expert application?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The legitimate reason is an intermediate evidential standard. The Second Civil Chamber ruled on 10 December 2020 that the assessment of the legitimate reason within the meaning of this provision is a matter for the sovereign discretion of the trial judge (Cass. 2e civ., 10 Dec. 2020, No. 19-22.619, published in the Bulletin). In practice, the lawyer builds the legitimate reason on three pillars. First pillar: the reality of the defect, proved by dated photos, technical statements, remedial quotes or a bailiff\u2019s report. Second pillar: the possible link with an identified builder or a ten-year liability insurer. Third pillar: the prospect of a plausible dispute on the merits, an action under the ten-year, two-year or contractual warranty. Without an established legitimate reason, the measure is refused.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How much does a court-appointed building expert assessment cost?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The cost depends on the complexity of the case. The initial deposit set by the order generally ranges between \u20ac2,000 and \u20ac6,000 for an ordinary construction case, and may reach \u20ac15,000 or more for a large site or several work packages. The deposit is advanced by the party applying for the assessment. The expert\u2019s final fees are set by the taxation order at the close of the operations. At the merits stage, the expert assessment costs fall within the costs of proceedings (d\u00e9pens) and are borne by the losing party. An applicant who succeeds therefore recovers the deposit. Where responsibilities are shared, the costs are apportioned between the parties pro rata.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Who pays the deposit?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The deposit is paid by the party requesting the assessment, generally the project owner. It is lodged with the court\u2019s cashier (r\u00e9gisseur), who later makes it available to the expert to cover fees and expenses. Failure to pay the deposit within the time allowed causes the measure to lapse. Article 282 of the Code of Civil Procedure governs the filing of the report and the expert\u2019s request for remuneration. The final taxation may exceed the initial deposit; a further sum may then be requested from the parties. The applicant should anticipate this item to avoid an unpleasant surprise during the assessment.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"How long does a building expert assessment last?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The average duration of a building expert assessment is between 8 and 18 months from the expert\u2019s appointment to the filing of the final report. The useful phase begins with a first meeting on site, generally within two months after the deposit is paid, and continues with further meetings, written submissions, test openings and a pre-report. Factors that lengthen the duration: many parties involved, destructive testing, waiting for a further assessment in another discipline, disputes over the classification of the defects. Conversely, a simple case with two or three well-organised parties and isolated defects can lead to a final report in 6 to 8 months. The firm assesses this duration from the first appointment in order to calibrate the strategy.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can the expert be challenged?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. Article 234 of the Code of Civil Procedure provides that technicians may be challenged on the same grounds as judges. The request must be made before the judge who appointed the expert or the judge in charge of supervision, before the operations begin or as soon as the ground is revealed. The Second Civil Chamber ruled on 27 February 2020 that only the applicant for the challenge is a party to the procedure for challenging an expert (Cass. 2e civ., 27 Feb. 2020, No. 18-24.066, published in the Bulletin). The Court of Cassation quashed the judgment of the court that had ordered the applicant to pay the costs of the other parties to the main dispute. Typical grounds for challenge: a personal link with a party, a previous assessment on behalf of one of them, involvement in the same case as a private adviser.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What documents should I prepare for the expert?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Preparing the documents determines the quality of the report. On the project owner\u2019s side: works contract, accepted quotes, acceptance report, list of snags, letters notifying the defects, chronological photos, invoices, building-damage insurance certificates, amicable expert reports where applicable. On the contractor\u2019s side: signed contract, schedule and site meeting minutes, letters lifting snags, ten-year liability insurance certificates, detailed invoices. The file is given to the expert under a schedule of documents, in two copies, before the first meeting. Clear numbering makes later written submissions easier. Documents with Post-it notes or illegible photocopies should be avoided. The expert appreciates an orderly and complete file, which generally results in a report more favourable to the party that made the effort to organise it.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What should I do if the contractor refuses an amicable expert assessment?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The contractor\u2019s refusal to take part in an amicable adversarial expert assessment is not an obstacle. You then switch to an Article 145 urgent application to obtain a court-appointed expert assessment. Proof of the refusal helps establish the legitimate reason: registered letter, formal notices, statements. The lawyer applies to the urgent applications judge of the court of the place where the building is situated. The writ of summons cites all potential parties involved and their insurers. The procedure is quick: an order generally within 6 to 10 weeks. Once the expert is appointed, the contractor is summoned as of right and can no longer avoid the measure. If it does not appear, the expert continues the operations and notes its absence in the report, which will remain binding on it.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is an amicable expert assessment binding?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"An amicable adversarial expert assessment, that is, one conducted in the presence of the duly summoned parties, has real probative value. The Third Civil Chamber ruled on 15 November 2018 that since these elements had been open to discussion by the parties, the court of appeal could, without breaching the adversarial principle, rely on the court-appointed expert report drawn up in proceedings between the landlord and her partner and on the expert report drawn up unilaterally at her request (Cass. 3e civ., 15 Nov. 2018, No. 16-26.172, published in the Bulletin). An amicable expert assessment, even a non-adversarial one, can therefore feed the debate once it is put before the court and submitted for discussion. It does not replace a court-appointed expert assessment but may be enough in simple cases where liability is not seriously disputed. The lawyer often uses this route to avoid the cost and delay of an urgent expert application.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"What does a written submission to the expert (dire) contain?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"A dire is a written note sent by a party to the expert to put forward its observations, raise questions, request further investigations or challenge interim conclusions. It is the hallmark of the technical lawyer, who follows the expert operations and orchestrates the client\u2019s defence. A well-constructed dire has three parts. First part: a reminder of the facts and of the mission. Second part: the technical observations, supported by the documents and statements filed. Third part: the precise requests (test opening, hearing of a given party involved, adversarial examination of an item). The submissions are annexed to the final report and the court examines them carefully. A party that refrains from making submissions considerably weakens its position on the merits.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Can the expert report be challenged?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Yes. The First Civil Chamber ruled on 14 November 2018 that a party to proceedings in which a court-appointed expert assessment was carried out may have a breach by the expert of the principle of impartiality or of the adversarial principle sanctioned by seeking its nullity, in accordance with the provisions of Article 175 of the Code of Civil Procedure (Cass. 1re civ., 14 Nov. 2018, No. 17-27.980, published in the Bulletin). Nullity must be requested before any defence on the merits. Once the defence has begun, nullity is in principle cured. Beyond nullity, the party may criticise the report on its substance: insufficient reasoning, omitted documents, erroneous classification. The judge has sovereign discretion over the value and scope of the report and may depart from it if it is insufficiently supported.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is the judge bound by the report?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"No. The expert report is a technical opinion, never a decision. The First Civil Chamber ruled on 11 July 2018 that although a court-appointed expert report is binding on a party only where that party was called or represented during the expert operations, the judge may not nevertheless refuse to take the report into consideration where it has been properly put before the court and submitted for adversarial discussion by the parties; the judge must then examine whether it is corroborated by other evidence (Cass. 1re civ., 11 July 2018, No. 17-17.441, published in the Bulletin). The judge retains discretion. The judge may accept, set aside or qualify the expert\u2019s conclusions. In practice, where the report is complete and adversarial, the judge follows it 80 or 90 per cent of the time. The scope for argument then lies in the costing, shared responsibilities or indirect losses.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Which court handles an urgent expert application in Paris?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"The Paris judicial court (tribunal judiciaire) has jurisdiction where the building is situated in Paris. The last paragraph of Article 145 of the Code of Civil Procedure provides that by derogation from the second paragraph, where the fact-finding measure concerns a building, the court of the place where the building is situated has sole jurisdiction. For sites in the inner suburbs, the judicial court of Bobigny, Cr\u00e9teil, Nanterre or Versailles has jurisdiction depending on the municipality. The firm, located at 11 rue Margueritte 75017 Paris, regularly argues urgent expert applications before all of these courts and coordinates expert operations throughout the jurisdiction of the Paris court of appeal.\"}}, {\"@type\": \"Question\", \"name\": \"Is a lawyer compulsory in an Article 145 urgent application?\", \"acceptedAnswer\": {\"@type\": \"Answer\", \"text\": \"Before the judicial court, representation by a lawyer is in principle mandatory for any claim above \u20ac10,000. In an urgent expert application, the measure has no monetary value in itself, but the potential dispute to which it relates almost always exceeds the threshold. The established practice is therefore to instruct a lawyer. Beyond the legal requirement, the lawyer\u2019s added value lies in drafting the writ of summons, wording the expert\u2019s mission and arguing the legitimate reason at the hearing. A badly framed mission leads to a worthless report; a well-constructed mission steers the expert towards the decisive questions. The firm systematically drafts the mission according to the potential dispute on the merits.\"}}]}<\/script>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\", \"@type\": \"LegalService\", \"name\": \"Building expert lawyer in Paris \u2014 Kohen Avocats\", \"url\": \"https:\/\/kohenavocats.fr\/en\/real-estate-law-attorneys-paris-75017\/building-expert-lawyer\/\", \"telephone\": \"+33646605822\", \"email\": \"contact@kohenavocats.fr\", \"address\": {\"@type\": \"PostalAddress\", \"streetAddress\": \"11 rue Margueritte\", \"postalCode\": \"75017\", \"addressLocality\": \"Paris\", \"addressCountry\": \"FR\"}, \"areaServed\": \"\u00cele-de-France\", \"founder\": {\"@type\": \"Person\", \"name\": \"Reda Kohen\", \"jobTitle\": \"Lawyer at the Paris Bar\", \"sameAs\": [\"https:\/\/consultation.avocat.fr\/avocat-paris\/reda-kohen-54670.html\"]}, \"openingHours\": \"Mo-Su 00:00-24:00\"}<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element 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Looking for a building expert in Paris? The technical expert records the defects and costs the remedial work; the lawyer prepares the evidence, applies to the urgent applications judge, defines the expert\u2019s mission and defends your [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":251031307,"featured_media":1749096,"parent":1773696,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2161059","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.2 (Yoast SEO v28.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Building Expert Lawyer Paris | Kohen Avocats<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Building expert lawyer Paris: Article 145 urgent application, evidence file and expert operations for project owners and contractors. 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